La dama de las camelias, publicada por primera vez en 1848, es una novela firmada por Alexandre Dumas (hijo). Esta obra está inspirada en un hecho real de la vida de Alexandre relativo a un romance, que tuvo lugar en 1847 según el propio autor, con Marie Duplessis, joven cortesana de París que mantuvo distintas relaciones con grandes personajes de la vida social. La novela pertenece al movimiento literario que se conocería como realismo, siendo una de las primeras que formarían parte de la transición del romanticismo.
Alexandre Dumas (fils) (son) was born in Paris, France, the illegitimate child of Marie-Laure-Catherine Labay (1794-1868), a dressmaker, and novelist Alexandre Dumas. During 1831 his father legally recognized him and ensured that the young Dumas received the best education possible at the Institution Goubaux and the Collège Bourbon. At that time, the law allowed the elder Dumas to take the child away from his mother. Her agony inspired Dumas fils to write about tragic female characters. In almost all of his writings, he emphasized the moral purpose of literature and in his play The Illegitimate Son (1858) he espoused the belief that if a man fathers an illegitimate child then he has an obligation to legitimize the child and marry the woman.
Dumas' paternal great-grandparents were a French nobleman and a Haitian woman. In boarding schools, Dumas fils was constantly taunted by his classmates. These issues all profoundly influenced his thoughts, behaviour, and writing.
During 1844 Dumas moved to Saint-Germain-en-Laye to live with his father. There, he met Marie Duplessis, a young courtesan who would be the inspiration for his romantic novel The Lady of the Camellias. Adapted into a play, it was titled in English (especially in the United States) as Camille and is the basis for Verdi's 1853 opera, La Traviata. Although he admitted that he had done the adaptation because he needed the money, he had a great success with the play. Thus began the career of Dumas fils as a dramatist, which was not only more renowned than that of his father during his lifetime but also dominated the serious French stage for most of the second half of the 19th century. After this, he virtually abandoned writing novels (though his semi-autobiographical L'Affaire Clemenceau (1867) achieved some success).
On 31 December 1864, in Moscow, Dumas married Nadjeschda von Knorring (1826 – April 1895), daughter of Johan Reinhold von Knorring and wife, and widow of Alexander, Prince Naryschkine. The couple had two daughters: Marie-Alexandrine-Henriette Dumas, born 20 November 1860, who married Maurice Lippmann and was the mother of Serge Napoléon Lippmann (1886–1975) and Auguste Alexandre Lippmann (1881–1960); and Jeanine Dumas (3 May 1867–), who married Ernest d' Hauterive (1864–1957), son of George Lecourt d' Hauterive and wife (married in 1861) Léontine de Leusse. After Naryschkine's death, he married in June 1895 Henriette Régnier de La Brière (1851–1934), without issue.
During 1874, he was admitted to the Académie française, and in 1894 he was awarded the Légion d'honneur.
Alexandre Dumas fils died at Marly-le-Roi, Yvelines, on November 27, 1895 and was interred in the Cimetière de Montmartre in Paris. His grave is, perhaps coincidentally, only some 100 metres away from that of Marie Duplessis.
El libro me parece conmovedor incluso hoy, porque retrata un amor que, aunque verdadero se ve destruido por las apariencias, los prejuicios y las normas sociales. Marguerite es un personaje que inspira compasión y respeto, y Armand, su amante, encarna tanto la pasión como la inmadurez emocional, lo que hace que su historia sea dolorosamente real.
Un gran clásico que siempre me ha gustado mucho, la lectura versa sobre la reivindicación de una mujer que por las circunstancias se vió obligada a vivir de los favores de los hombres, un amante enfermo de celos y una sociedad hipócrita que impedía un amor entre diferentes clases. Definitivamente una lectura entretenida.