This is my book review I turned in for my African American Studies class.
I don't think there are spoilers in this review as this is more of an informational book, but I do discuss the argument and the types of evidence used.
Also I don't recommend reading this book between 3 days, especially if you don't have a lot of prior knowledge on hip-hop or are very interested in the music genre.
Chronicling Stankonia: The Rise of the Hip-Hop South is written by Regina Bradley, a current professor at Kennesaw State University. The author focuses on analyzing the hip-hop group OutKast and how they helped to display the South’s black identity through their music in albums, books, and media. Many of the events she discusses are OutKast’s statement to the North, their music production history, the novel Long Division by Kiese Laymon, various films that reimagine slavery, and the history of Trap Rap. Bradley works to illustrate the hip-hop practices of connecting the South’s history to its music and how southern black people found their identity through this process, clearly displaying the social and cultural historical genres.
The writing argues that Southern hip-hop reflects the current struggles of the Black community as they strive for progress despite the work their ancestors fought for. The hip-hop group Outkast is the main example used in her four sub-arguments from each chapter: the first focusing on how OutKast displays the South’s identity in each of their produced albums, the second displaying the intersection between the South’s past and present black identity in books and in Outkast’s albums, the third illustrating the representation of slavery through the films OutKast is featured in, and the fourth demonstrating the use of Trap Rap and southern identity.
Although the historical events are from around the same time period, the book is organized into the four sub-arguments the author makes within her claim instead of using a chronological order. This structure enhances the argument because it clearly shows which pieces of evidence correlate to what Bradley is arguing about. However, the downfall is that it is sometimes difficult to locate what point in history each piece of evidence happened since the organization structures within the chapters aren’t necessarily organized chronologically either.
I believe that narrative evidence is mainly used throughout the piece. Primary sources such as music albums, historical quotes, books, and films are used as well as the personal experiences of the author. Because the argument is mainly focused on the primary sources of OutKast’s albums, this type of evidence is the basis of the argument. Although there were no secondary sources used, the analysis of the narrative evidence was very detailed.
The biggest weakness to Chronicling Stankonia: The Rise of the Hip-Hop South was its lack of secondary sources. As previously discussed, if Bradley had acknowledged other scholar’s thoughts on OutKast’s contribution to the hip-hop South, it could show the diverse perspectives on the topic and prove that her insights aren’t singular. Additionally, while the essence was on OutKast’s musical contributions, the portion of the argument focused on the South’s evolving identity in the 1970s-1990s through hip-hop could have been stronger if other southern hip-hop albums were studied.
On the other hand, one of the book’s strengths was its detailed analysis of OutKast’s music and its purpose in other source’s films, books, or other historical events. It is clear the author has completed a large amount of research about OutKast and their impact on society and culture. I especially like the way she broke down each album in the first chapter and focused on what she thought the correlation to the South’s culture was in not just the music, but also in the music videos. The portions about her experiences in the south are beneficial because they help the audience understand the culture of the South now and how it was affected by the past.
Chronicling Stankonia: The Rise of the Hip-Hop South by Regina Bradley is a book I would recommend to a high school or young adult audience. There is a lot of evidence and reasoning to take in that I think this group can handle. I also believe this book would be very beneficial for students studying music history or black culture between the periods of 1960-1990, as a lot of the content requires some prior knowledge of other southern hip-hop groups. Overall, Bradley’s argument that Southern hip-hop reflects the current struggles of the Black community as they strive for progress despite the work their ancestors fought for is convincing, but could use some secondary sources to make it stronger.