When the publisher contacted me about reviewing this, my first reaction was "No" as I don't do much non-fiction. But then I thought about it some more. I'm owned by a cat and not a dog but I have been thinking recently about what I feed my cat, so I said yes. While the book's focus is on dogs and their nutritional needs, much of the history of pet feed and its ingredients, applies to cats too. I am definitely reading the labels on Claude's food more closely and reconsidering what I can feed him. The beast is not much for fresh human food; he turns up his nose at turkey, chicken, and tuna but loves cheese.
If I owned a dog, I would be changing his food ASAP. While Chavez and Buckley don't use scare tactics, they don't really need to. The facts they present are scary enough. Animal poop is allowed to be used in dog food. There's no federal oversight of pet food. The "governing" body is an association that works with feed companies, not to improve them, but to help with sales. Heavy levels of certain metals are allowed in dog feed. The nutritional levels you see posted on labels? Not accurate. They are calculated before the food is processed, but processing, even simple cooking, changes nutrient value. Feed can contain as little as 3% beef, calculated pre-processing, so the final value may actually be 1 or 2% beef. yet that package can legally be labeled as containing beef.
Chavez, Buckley, and Paris have an easy to read, conversational style. There are a few dry patches and some repetition, the book is heavily researched and annotated, but mostly it was an easy read. Easy in style, if not always in content, and thought-provoking for sure. I was appalled at what is allowed to go into pet food, and just how processed it actually is. The difference between pet food and pet feed was eye opening also. And all those boutique, high-cost brands? Many of them are no different from the cheap feed, just marketed differently. The authors break down what is known about canine nutrition and the methods manufacturers use to meet a bare minimum. A bare minimum calculated before processing. Much of the taste and nutritional value that are lost in processing are added back in via spray-on flavor and generic vitamin mixes. But those mixes aren't regulated like human vitamins are and the minerals and vitamins may not be from optimal sources. But one problem is that not enough is known about canine nutrition. Most veterinarian programs don't even offer courses in animal nutrition. And sponsorship of scholarships and conferences is often hosted by pet feed manufacturers. A common practice in many fields to be sure, but it effects vet students and full-fledged vets opinions of dog food and nutrition.
And of course, as we know from human medicine, diet affects health. Why wouldn't that be true for dogs? The authors give anecdotal evidence but there is apparently a dearth of research on canine diet and health, a fact they lament. They have done some studies of their own and hope that more people will do similar studies.
Buckley and Chavez have a business making fresh food for dogs and they talk about their path to that event but they don't push their product or business, though they do toot their own horn re work they have done "disrupting" big kibble. But they also acknowledge and praise other businesses, their competitors, making fresh, healthy food for dogs. There are even some recipes included for people who want to try making their own dog food.
If you have a dog or work in a dog related field, this book is a must. Agree or disagree with it, it will make you think.
Quotes:
"People assume we have a massive amount of data on companion animal nutrition that has been supported by their tax dollars, and that is incorrect. We are 50 years behind human food and livestock feed in terms of nutrition information. There are not federal grants for pet food research. Today, the library of animal nutrition could fill a cardboard box." (location 2673 in my Kindle ARC)
Big Kibble can legally use not only moldy grains and second-rate vegetables and vegetable scraps but also spray-on flavor and outsourced, premade, feed-grade, vitamin mixes-one batch of which recently proved deadly. (location 2460 in my Kindle ARC)
..., the FDA lacks resources and even authority to do everything it should. It has historically lacked the power to impose recalls and punishments and has been lax about following its own recall protocols.*note 28 They have enforcement discretion, which means they pursue and enforce some situations, but certainly not all. (location 1824 in my Kindle ARC)
Waste products, just to be clear, are not good sources of calories for dogs, and can actually be harmful-a truth about waste-as-food in general (even if your dog has been known to eat rabbit poop while walking through a park.) (location 1753 in my Kindle ARC)