Kandinsky: Watercolours and Other Works on Paper

by Frank Whitford (Editor), Wassily Kandinsky

Vasily Kandinsky (1866-1944) is one of the most important and influential painters of the twentieth century. A pioneer in creating art without figurative motifs, he was also the earliest abstract painter to explain and justify what he was doing. His theoretical writings, including Concerning the Spiritual in Art (1912), are among the most significant texts written by an artist in the last hundred years.Published to accompany the recent exhibition of his work at the Royal Academy of Arts in London, Kandinsky Watercolours spans the artist's whole career and consists entirely of works on paper -- watercolors, prints, and drawings. It is in these works that Kandinsky's spontaneity of expression is most clearly illustrated, and it is through watercolor that the artist achieved the luminosity and intensity of color that he sought. In addition to the beautifully reproduced watercolors are the artist's outstanding prints, including little-known woodcuts and lithographs. Frank Whitford, the curator for the exhibition, has organized this catalogue, which includes essays on Kandinsky's life and work; his time in Munich, Russia, and Paris; and his participation in the Bauhaus. Aya Soika contributes descriptions of Kandinsky through the eyes of his contemporaries, and a chronology.

Genres: Art

224 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 1971

About the author

Born Francis Peter Whitford in Bishopstoke, Hampshire, on 11 August 1941, the son of Peter Whitford and his wife Katherine Ellen (nee Rowe). He was educated at Peter Symonds School in Winchester and attended Wadham College, Oxford, graduating in 1963 with a third-class honours in English language and literature because he preferred drawing to studying. A self-taught artist, he designed posters and worked as an actor in student films and illustrator for student magazines.

He subsequently studied German art at the Courtauld Institute, earning an academic diploma in the history of art in 1965. He worked as a cartoonist and illustrator on the Sunday Mirror in 1965-66 before switching to drawing pocket cartoons for the Evening Standard in 1966-67. Richard J. Evans, in his obituary for The Guardian (23 January 2014), quotes Whitford as saying: "Almost daily for four years or so, I churned out a pocket cartoon, trying to be funny and politically astute at the same time. I was rarely if ever successful, which explains why my career was so short, only briefly extended by changing papers and editors in midstream."


Whitford did not consider himself a particularly good cartoonist, avoiding drawing feet, which he found particularly tricky, whenever possible. His cartoons covered many areas of British political life at a time when Harold Wilson was Prime Minister and some of the major events affecting the UK were centred on apartheid South Africa and the independence of Southern Rhodesia, but he felt that foreign artists like Vicky (Victor Weisz) were able to better recognise the absurdities of British politics.

With the aid of a Ford Foundation scholarship, Whitford attended the Free University of Berlin, graduating with a degree in art history in 1969. The next year he began lecturing on the history of art at University College London before becoming a senior lecturer at Homerton College, Cambridge, in 1974. When the art history department was closed in 1986, Whitford began freelancing and tutored history of art at the Royal College of Art; he was awarded a higher doctorate at the RCA in 1989.

He had continued to contribute cartoons – as Rausch – to the Sunday Mirror in the 1970s, but it was as a an art critic with the Sunday Times and Cambridge Evening News that he returned to newspapers in 1991. Ge was already established as a writer, having worked as a contributing editor to Studio International between 1964 and 1973, and as the author of books on Kandinsky (London, Hamlyn, 1967 [1968]), Expressionism (London, Hamlyn, 1970), Japanese Prints and Western Painters (London, Studio Vista, 1977), Egon Schiele (London, Thames & Hudson, 1981), Bauhaus (London, Thames & Hudson, 1984), George Grosz: The Day of Reckoning (London, Allison & Busby, 1984), Love Above All (London, Allison & Busby, 1985), Oskar Kokoschka: A life (London, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1986), Expressionist Portraits (London, Thames & Hudson, 1987), Trog: Forty graphic years: The art of Wally Fawkes (London, Fourth Estate, 1987), Understanding Abstract Art (London, Barrie & Jenkins, 1987), Gustav Klimt (London, Thames & Hudson, 1990), Bauhaus: Masters and Students by Themselves (London, Conran Octopus, 1992), The Berlin of George Grosz: Drawings, watercolours and prints, 1912-1930 (New Haven & London, Yale University Press, 1997), Kandinsky: Watercolours and other works on paper (London, Thames & Hudson, 1999), as well as numerous introductions for exhibitions.

Whitford also appeared as the broadcaster, appearing as a team captain on the Channel 4 gameshow Gallery in the 1980s, presenting two series about cartoonists on Radio 4 in the early 1990s and writing and presenting the video documentary Bauhaus: The Face of the 20th Century (1994).

He was awarded the federal cross of the Order of Merit in Germany in 2002.

Whitford is survived by his wife, Cecilia (Cici) Dresser, a specialist in Japanese art who worked in the Cambridge University Library, whom he m

Reviews

[Ralph Burton · Rating 5 out of 5]

Frank Whitford explicitly connects Kandinsky’s breakdown of art to the breakdown of reality in the early twentieth century in which centuries old ideals came crumbling. Kandinsky’s simplistic yet psychologically complicated art was a vital challenge to both the Soviets and the Nazis who rejected complexities in favour of simple ideologies and messages. I’d be challenged to name another artist whose pictures express sounds as much as Kandinsky does. Why? When the world is screaming so much, you have it to illustrate that somehow.