Jump to ratings and reviews
Rate this book

L'anomalie sauvage - puissance et pouvoir chez Spinoza

Rate this book
La véritable politique des philosophes classiques, c'est leur ontologie : tel est le principe qui guide ce livre, écrit en prison pendant les années 1979-1980. Le néo-platonisme de la Renaissance avait forgé l'utopie d'un développement spontané du capitalisme de marché. Mais les grandes philosophies bourgeoises - Descartes, Hobbes, Rousseau, Hegel - devront insérer la crise au coeur de ce développement, et donc de l'ontologie. Pour elles, l'appropriation suppose toujours la médiation dialectique d'un pouvoir qui lui est extérieur. A l'opposé, Spinoza reprend l'exigence révolutionnaire de la Renaissance, mais en transformant complètement son cadre ontologique. Coupant court à toute dialectique, qui n'est jamais que la ruse ultime de la médiation bourgeoise, il pense l'être comme surface, plénitude, multiplicité. Il forme ainsi une théorie de la pratique collective et de la force productive humaine, toujours tendue vers plus d'autonomie. Radicalement matérialiste, cette philosophie qui affirme la puissance contre le pouvoir devient alors une anomalie sauvage, inscrite dans cette autre anomalie historique : la Hollande du XVIIe siècle.

343 pages, Unknown Binding

First published January 1, 1981

12 people are currently reading
597 people want to read

About the author

Antonio Negri

199 books297 followers
Antonio Negri was an Italian political philosopher known as one of the most prominent theorists of autonomism, as well as for his co-authorship of Empire with Michael Hardt and his work on the philosopher Baruch Spinoza. Born in Padua, Italy, Negri became a professor of political philosophy at the University of Padua, where he taught state and constitutional theory. Negri founded the Potere Operaio (Worker Power) group in 1969 and was a leading member of Autonomia Operaia, and published hugely influential books urging "revolutionary consciousness."
Negri was accused in the late 1970s of various charges including being the mastermind of the left-wing urban guerrilla organization Red Brigades (Brigate Rosse or BR), which was involved in the May 1978 kidnapping and murder of former Italian prime minister Aldo Moro. On 7 April 1979, he Negri was arrested and charged with a long list of crimes including the Moro murder. Most charges were dropped quickly, but in 1984 he was still sentenced (in absentia) to 30 years in prison. He was given an additional four years on the charge of being "morally responsible" for the violence of political activists in the 1960s and 1970s. The question of Negri's complicity with left-wing extremism is a controversial subject. He was indicted on a number of charges, including "association and insurrection against the state" (a charge which was later dropped), and sentenced for involvement in two murders.
Negri fled to France where, protected by the Mitterrand doctrine, he taught at the Paris VIII (Vincennes) and the Collège international de philosophie, along with Jacques Derrida, Michel Foucault, and Gilles Deleuze. In 1997, after a plea-bargain that reduced his prison time from 30 to 13 years, he returned to Italy to serve the end of his sentence. Many of his most influential books were published while he was behind bars. He hence lived in Venice and Paris with his partner, the French philosopher Judith Revel. He was the father of film director Anna Negri.
Like Deleuze, Negri's preoccupation with Spinoza is well known in contemporary philosophy. Along with Althusser and Deleuze, he has been one of the central figures of a French-inspired neo-Spinozism in continental philosophy of the late 20th and early 21st centuries, that was the second remarkable Spinoza revival in history, after a well-known rediscovery of Spinoza by German thinkers (especially the German Romantics and Idealists) in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.

Ratings & Reviews

What do you think?
Rate this book

Friends & Following

Create a free account to discover what your friends think of this book!

Community Reviews

5 stars
30 (34%)
4 stars
36 (40%)
3 stars
16 (18%)
2 stars
5 (5%)
1 star
1 (1%)
Displaying 1 - 7 of 7 reviews
Profile Image for Mario.
46 reviews1 follower
June 24, 2023
Ha sido doloroso releer más de la mitad del libro. Carlos Fernández Liria suele decir que rechazar la Ilustración clasificándola peyorativamente como "pensamiento burgués" ha conducido al marxismo a renunciar a Kant y a Montesquieu para quedarse en su lugar con Mao y Toni Negri. Estoy de acuerdo. Y en buena medida la interpretación negriana de Spinoza es una confrontación directa con el republicanismo en favor de un vago e imprecisable posmarxismo de la multitud cuyo éxito intelectual solamente se explica por el contexto histórico en el que presentó sus tesis. En cualquier caso, hay aportaciones valiosas, y Negri escribió este libro en la cárcel, lo cual en primer lugar me suscita cierto apego injustificable y, por otra, me lleva a pensar que las cárceles italianas en los 70 eran un profuso dispensador de bibliografía
Profile Image for Juan Pablo Guatibonza.
26 reviews
June 28, 2023
Lectura completísima y correctísima de toda la obra de Spinoza. Correcta porque nunca se distancia del texto y, por lo demás, presta excesiva atención a diferencias estilísticas y terminológicas. La distinción entre potentia y potestas —y toda la cadena de argumentación política y ontológica que de allí se desprende— es brillante y polémica por igual.

Sorprende y fascina que Negri escribiera todo el libro en la cárcel.
Profile Image for Felipe Feitosa Castro.
65 reviews6 followers
June 30, 2024
Ler Espinosa através de Negri me fez perceber o quanto que ainda faltava ler Espinosa, inclusive no que já li dele.

É importante se preparar antes desse livro de duas maneiras e por dois motivos. A primeira maneira é lendo Tratado da Emenda do Intelecto, Ética, Tratado teológico-político e Tratado político. A segunda é tendo anotações dessas obras. Os dois motivos são o quão denso e profundo é o exercício de Negri; e que você vai perceber que é impossível encerrar Espinosa, seja lá como for. Seja através das obras (inclusive as incompletas), correspondências, críticos... seja através de Marilena Chauí, Deleuze (indispensável ler suas duas obras sobre Espinosa em paralelo) e do próprio Negri.

Negri apresenta a tese dos dois Espinosa, ambos presentes durante a redação de Ética. Um, encerra e enterra o cartesianismo e o platonismo através de uma metafísica materialista, uma metafísica imanente, anti-transcendental, palpável e fenomenológica, do real. O segundo é antagonizando Hobbes, Rousseau, a ideologia burguesa, fundando o materialismo moderno e cravando: a crise não é o futuro, ela está no núcleo do cruzamento entre história e ética. Ambos povoam a desutopia (não uma distopia), aniquilando o transcendentalismo que Nietzsche chamaria de ressentimento, e dizendo com todas as palavras: o ser humano soma suas potências individuais quando está organizado em multidão, dando origem à grandiosidade imparável que P R E C I S A ser livre.

Não há infinito a não ser na imanência de que fazemos parte. Somos finitos, singulares dos modos dos atributos da substância divina (Natureza que pode, sim, se chamar Deus, mas Deus é tanto carne quanto metafísica essencial, jamais identidade removida), e a tensão da matéria e do pensamento flui através de nossa existência, a única capaz de se reestruturar através da razão (não ao sermos mais ou menos ou diferentes de humanos, mas finalmente sendo plenamente humanos).

Espinosa está mais presente em Marx e Engels que normalmente se imagina - e decididamente precisa retornar às nossas discussões. Algumas correntes anarquistas sabem disso, ainda que não deem nome a todos os bois (Öcalan faz isso!).

Sei que é um livro denso, mas é um livro profundamente necessário.
Profile Image for OneDimensionalMan.
23 reviews
January 24, 2025
Hard to know what to think. I will definitely have to return to this. I think maybe one of the most fiendish and complex books I've ever read. At times Negri is laser focused and clear. His explanation of potentia and potestas is useful and he teases out the implications of this very adeptly, showing the political implications for Spinoza and for our time.
On the other hand, he writes with a slightly crazed frenzy of someone who is totally taken away by his own thoughts and I really struggled to keep up at times. I sense it has more to give.
Profile Image for Leonardo.
Author 1 book80 followers
to-keep-reference
December 29, 2015
Sobre la relación inmanente entre política y ontología.

Imperio Pág.264
Profile Image for Silvério.
26 reviews1 follower
December 30, 2022
Apesar de não gostar muito da linha política do Negri, ele é um dos poucos que historiciza a obra de Espinosa e o coloca como um pensador revolucionário. É um livro grande e difícil, mas bom.
Displaying 1 - 7 of 7 reviews

Can't find what you're looking for?

Get help and learn more about the design.