Sean McDowell outlines a biblical sexual ethic for youth in his book Chasing Love: Sex, Love, and Relationships in a Confused Culture. He builds a foundation for understanding biblical ethics, explores the purpose of relational stages, and answers practical questions on sexual ethics.
In Part 1, McDowell provides a biblical and theological framework for approaching God’s sexual ethics. First, he encourages young people to trust God’s commands, knowing that He wants the best for them. If people followed Jesus’s commands, there would be much less brokenness in the world, including no sexually transmitted diseases, adultery, or rape. McDowell then argues that freedom is not simply the absence of restraints, because every action has consequences and restraints. Instead, true freedom requires choosing the right restraints that allow one to flourish and fulfill one’s purpose. Moreover, humans long for the safety of committed relationships, which require restraint. Next, McDowell defines love as a commitment to seeking another’s good, even if that person does not realize it. In His love, God has given a sexual ethic for humanity’s flourishing. Therefore, humans should honor God with their bodies and souls by obeying His sexual commands. However, sex is powerful; it can even lead to the creation of a new and immortal person. Thus, Satan tries to corrupt, deceive, and twist sex to distort God’s plan. But even when humans fall prey to Satan’s temptations, God still offers grace and forgiveness. He can redeem broken people and help them learn to live according to His plan.
In Part 2, McDowell examines the purposes for sex, singleness, and marriage. Sexuality involves far more than the act of sex. Indeed, God designed humans as sexed beings, whose maleness and femaleness impact how they view the world; even Jesus lived and rose again as a sexed being. God designed sexual intercourse to procreate new humans, enhance unity between spouses, and provide a heavenly picture of Christ’s relationship with the church. Therefore, sex is significant, and it impacts other people besides the couple. Moreover, Christians should abstain from all forms of sexual activity, not just intercourse. Next, McDowell points out the purpose of singleness: single believers can focus on serving God and foreshadow heaven, where there will be no marriage. Single people can still experience family in God’s family, the church. Granted, singleness is difficult; but it is not impossible. Finally, McDowell considers marriage, which God designed to be a permanent, loving, committed relationship between one man and one woman, for the purposes of raising children and reflecting God’s love and relationality to the world. However, marriage is not designed to fulfill all relational needs or remove sexual temptations; God, not marriage, is the solution. Nevertheless, marriage is still an excellent gift from God.
Finally, in Part 3, McDowell examines specific topics in sexual ethics. He argues that pornography is a sinful snare that harms both the people portrayed in it and the people who use it. Cohabitation is also outside of God’s plan for sexuality, and it harms partners by hindering their ability to evaluate the relationship and by undermining the need for commitment. While the Bible does permit divorce in some cases, God’s design is for marriage to be permanent, even when couples encounter difficulties; divorce hurts people and does not reflect God’s love. God also designed marriage to be heterosexual: while some people experience same-sex attraction, they should not act on those desires. The church should show love to these people and encourage them to obey God’s commands. Same-sex marriage is wrong; moreover, kids seem to flourish more with both a mom and a dad. Identifying as transgender is also wrong. Christians should compassionately help transgender people learn to live out their God-given biological sex. Finally, sexual abuse is wrong; victims should realize that God sees their pain, weeps with them, and can help them heal, often through a loving human community. McDowell concludes by affirming that God can empower Christian youth to live out His sexual ethics for their lives.
Analysis
Overall, McDowell’s book offers a useful guide for helping teenagers think through God’s design for their sexuality. It certainly appeals to youth: McDowell uses accessible language, provides age-relevant examples, and answers pressing questions that young people may have. However, even though McDowell adopts an accessible style, he does not appear condescending. He gives young people dignity by covering complex topics in a respectful and relatable manner, not talking down to readers or minimizing their intelligence.
One strength of McDowell’s book is its practicality. McDowell addresses numerous pressing questions that young people face. At the end of each chapter, he offers a brief treatment of a specific ethical question, such as when young people should begin dating, whether oral sex is permissible, and how teens should respond to people who pressure them for nude photos. These short sections are highly practical and help young people understand how to apply biblical sexual ethics to specific situations in their lives.
However, an interesting feature of McDowell’s approach is that he seeks to give a framework for thinking biblically about sexuality, rather than offering simple answers. Although he does address specific questions about sexual ethics, he does not simply answer the questions with a clear-cut formula. Instead, he highlights biblical principles that apply to the situation. While some of his practical answers are specific and absolute, others (such as how much physical touch is permissible during dating) are more general and encourage readers to think through the issues and look to trustworthy adults for advice. His failure to provide a specific prescription can be frustrating at times, as it might be helpful to have more concrete answers. Nevertheless, his approach does help to avoid legalism and to encourage youth to think biblically about topics for themselves, rather than simply relying on someone to make decisions for them.
Another strength of McDowell’s book is his gracious approach to the topic. While he clearly spells out God’s plan for sexuality, he also acknowledges that many people fail to live up to God’s design; he recognizes that many of his readers will have committed sexual sin. Rather than ignoring or condemning such people, McDowell emphasizes God’s grace. While themes of grace appear throughout his book (cf. pages 58,145), he also devotes an entire chapter (Chapter 9) to highlighting God’s grace and forgiveness for those who have failed. He points out that those who have committed sexual sin are not unforgiveable; instead, God wants to redeem and restore these people. McDowell’s approach both models God’s grace and helps readers understand how to respond to God’s sexual ethics even if they have already violated them.
One weakness of McDowell’s book is its failure to discuss topics in-depth. McDowell covers a broad array of topics in sexual ethics, while still keeping his book short and accessible for teen readers. However, to do this, he is compelled to keep each chapter short, even when covering difficult topics. For example, he includes just eight pages on homosexuality, eight pages on same-sex marriage, and nine pages on transgender. McDowell can be commended for addressing these issues in an accessible format and for including these relevant topics, even in such a short book. However, given the controversial nature of these topics, it might have been more helpful if he could have gone into more detail on these issues. Discussions of LGBTQ+ topics are too complex and sensitive to receive only passing treatment. McDowell does point to some additional resources in the footnotes of these chapters. However, he could have improved these chapters by compiling a more formal and prominent list of additional recommended resources at the end of each chapter, pointing youth to the best resources for further study.
Overall, McDowell’s book gives youth an accessible introduction to biblical sexual ethics. He presents biblical values using a graceful, understandable approach.