Tarzan and the Golden Lion: A wild ride through absurdity and colonial imagination
Edgar Rice Burroughs' Tarzan and the Golden Lion takes readers on yet another fantastical adventure with the lord of the jungle, blending outlandish plotlines with Burroughs' characteristic pulp charm. However, the book also exemplifies the era's prejudices and outdated pseudoscientific notions, making it a curious relic of early 20th-century adventure fiction.
Woke or revisionist readers, who may lack a sense of historical context, might want to steer clear of Edgar Rice Burroughs’ works altogether, as they are undeniably steeped in the prejudices and stereotypes of their era.
1. The Golden Lion: more mascot than hero
The story begins with Tarzan and his family adopting an orphaned lion cub, who grows into the titular "Golden Lion." While one might expect the lion to play a central role, its presence feels largely ornamental for much of the narrative. However, to be fair, the lion does come into its own during the climactic moments. Not only does it save Tarzan's life, but it also plays a key role as part of Tarzan's "liberation army" during the final showdown in Gorilland. While its contributions are impactful, they remain concentrated at the end, leaving much of the book without the kind of ongoing integration one might expect from a title character.
2. Flora Hawkes and her thugs
One of the more bizarre subplots involves Flora Hawkes, a former Greystoke chambermaid turned schemer, who gathers an ensemble of accomplices to steal from Tarzan. Among her recruits are Esteban Miranda, a con artist actor who happens to be Tarzan's doppelgänger, and a financier described as a "German Jew," which reeks of the anti-Semitic stereotypes pervasive in literature of the time. The crew’s dynamics are rife with betrayals: Flora and her accomplices repeatedly deceive one another, with shifting alliances and double-crosses creating an almost farcical level of intrigue. These betrayals add some drama but also underscore how loosely this group is held together, making the conspiracy feel more like chaotic opportunism than a cohesive plot.
3. Tarzan’s financial troubles and a return to the Opar ATM
In a surprising twist, we find Tarzan facing financial difficulties, prompting him to revisit Opar, the lost city he has looted before, to replenish his coffers from its fabled treasures. This subplot reintroduces La, the high priestess of the assassin sun-worshipping Oparians, infamous for their grisly rituals of human sacrifice to their sun deity. The Oparians, as Burroughs reveals, are direct descendants of the drowned Atlanteans, now reduced to a brutish and degenerate state over millennia. Despite her high station, La is tragically condemned to live among these primitives, her unrequited love for Tarzan adding a tragic dimension to her character. Meanwhile, Cadj, a scheming minor arch-villain, works to undermine La’s position, his machinations stirring further conflict within Opar. This return to Opar combines nostalgia with macabre melodrama, blending elements of lost-world fantasy and pulp adventure.
4. The quasi-smart Bolgani civilization and its mysteries
One of the book's most intriguing—and baffling—elements is the discovery of a "lost civilization" of intelligent Bolgani (gorillas). These semi-civilized apes have established a hierarchical society, complete with enslaved Gomangani (local African humans), who are treated with maximum disdain. This setup reflects the orthogenetic evolution theory pervasive in Burroughs’ time, where whites are portrayed as the pinnacle of advancement.
Adding to the oddity is the presence of an unexplained "old man," a white figure who, through Tarzan's conquests, ends up crowned as the king of Gorilland. While his rise to power underscores the narrative's racial biases, it also feels narratively unearned, with little explanation of his backstory or his relationship to the Bolgani.
Equally strange is the figure of Numa, the old and decrepit lion worshipped as the god of Gorilland. In the Mangani language, "Numa" refers to any lion, not a proper name, which highlights the Bolgani's reverence for a symbol of power now reduced to weakness. Despite his apparent significance to their religious practices, this particular Numa plays no meaningful role in the story. He is dispatched quickly and unceremoniously, his presence amounting to little more than an afterthought in the chaotic tapestry of subplots.
Even by Burroughs’ pulp standards, the Bolgani civilization strains credulity, blending elements of adventure, pseudoscience, and colonialist ideology into a tale as wild as it is problematic.
Overall impressions
While Tarzan and the Golden Lion delivers the over-the-top action and pulp thrills fans of the series expect, its wild plotlines often lack coherence and strain credibility. The novel reflects not just Burroughs' imagination but also the colonialist and racial prejudices of its time, which are glaringly present in its depiction of non-European characters and civilizations.
For fans of Tarzan, this installment offers moments of intrigue and adventure, but it also exemplifies the need to engage critically with classic literature. Modern readers should approach it as both entertainment and a window into the cultural attitudes of its period, for better or worse.