Computing Machinery and Intelligence / Können Maschinen denken? Englisch/Deutsch: [Great Papers Philosophie] – Turing, Alan M. (Reclams Universal-Bibliothek)

by Alan M. Turing, Achim Stephan (Editor), Sven Walter (Editor)

Alan M. Turing war der erste, der überhaupt die Frage stellte, ob Maschinen denken können. Seine Überlegungen dazu stießen die Tür für das Zeitalter moderner Computer auf. Seine bahnbrechende Arbeit, die jeder kennen sollte, der an Computern, Philosophie des Geistes und der Kognition, Psychologie oder allgemein an den Entwicklungen Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) interessiert ist, folgt zeichengenau der 1950 in der Zeitschrift "Mind" veröffentlichten Form. Die neue Übersetzung wird ausführlich kommentiert. Das Nachwort zeigt, inwiefern sich die dort formulierten Prinzipien bis heute bei der Entwicklung von KI niederschlagen. Die Reihe "Great Papers Philosophie" bietet bahnbrechende Aufsätze der - Eine zeichengenaue, zitierfähige Wiedergabe des Textes (links das fremdsprachige Original, rechts eine neue Übersetzung). - Eine philosophiegeschichtliche Wie dachte man früher über das Problem? Welche Veränderung bewirkte der Aufsatz? Wie denkt man heute darüber? - Eine Analyse des Textes bzw. eine Rekonstruktion seiner Argumentationsstruktur, gefolgt von einem Abschnitt über den Autor sowie ein kommentiertes Literaturverzeichnis. E-Book mit Seitenzählung der gedruckten UB-Ausgabe sowie mit Originalpaginierung.

Genres: Philosophy, Nonfiction

194 pages, Kindle Edition

Published February 12, 2021

About the author

Works of British mathematician Alan Mathison Turing explored the possibility of computers and raised fundamental questions about artificial intelligence; during World War II, he helped to decipher the German enigma codes and thus contributed to the Allied victory.

This highly influential English logician, cryptanalyst, and scientist developed and provided a formalization of the concept of "algorithm" with the eponymous machine, which played a significant role in the modern creation. People widely considered this father.

Turing worked for the government code and cypher school at Bletchley park, code-breaking center of Britain. For a time, he headed hut 8, the responsible naval section. He devised a number of techniques, including the method of the "bombe," an electromechanical machine that ably found settings, for breaking ciphers. After the war, he worked at the national physical laboratory and created the ACE of the first designs for a stored program.

Biology interested Turing towards the end of his life.
He wrote a paper on the chemical basis of morphogenesis and predicted oscillating reactions, such as the Belousov–Zhabotinsky, first observed in the 1960s.

Still illegal homosexual acts of Turing resulted in a criminal prosecution in 1952 in the United Kingdom. He accepted treatment with female hormones (chemical castration) as an alternative to prison. From cyanide poisoning, he died several weeks before his forty-second birthday. An inquest determined suicide; his mother and some other persons thought of his accidental death.

Following an Internet campaign, Gordon Brown, prime minister of Britain, on 10 September 2009 made an official public apology on behalf of the government for the postwar treatment of Turing.

Reviews

[meg · Rating 5 out of 5]

i don’t know if this is the right book on goidreads but his actual essay was really easy to comprehend

[Till Zemann · Rating 5 out of 5]

Good read, short and thought provoking.

Alan Turing already talked about learning machines in 1950 (which is visionary!). Let me highlight his view on consciousness: We can only know for certain that we are conscious, but can't say for sure that other people are. Thus, we assume based on our own experience that others are likely conscious. With AI systems, it will probably be the same: If they act in a manner that is perceived as smart enough, and maybe with some patterns that can be interpreted as emotions, we will also assume that they have some amount of consciousness. Therefore it doesn't matter if they are conscious or not.

[Erdi · Rating 5 out of 5]

“Örneğin hiçbir makinenin iyi bir İngilizce yazamayacağı ya da cinsel çekimden etkilenemeyeceği ya da bir pipo tüttüremeyeceği söylenebilir. Ben böyle iç rahatlatıcı bir açıklama sunamayacağım; çünkü böyle sınırlamalar koyulamayacağına inanırım.”