"Hunger is a biological message, and it is something that you can control. Craving is a psychological need, and it is something that tries to control you." [p8]
"Fasting is a habit changer. You will go without something and realize you didn't actually need it" [p32]
Hacks to help with ketosis
C8 MCT oil (caprylic acid) - converts almost directly in the liver via ketogenesis. As well as caproic acid (C6) and capric acid (C10); butyric acid (C4) should be even more rapid to convert to propanone (acetone), 3-hydroxybutyric acid (beta-hydroxybutyrate), and acetoacetate but can be difficult to digest. C12 (lauric acid) less so.
Activated carbon to fast - binds to lipopolysaccharide toxins that get created by gut bacteria and cause feeling of sickness. Also helps with detox. Studies have shown that activated carbon extends lifespan by absorbing toxins produced by gut bacteria, reduces cholesterol, promotes kidney function… But can make constipated
Supplements to maintain electrolytes: Ca, Mg, K, Na
Soluble fiber - attracts water in stomach and intestines, slows the digestive process - acacia gum, guar gum, larch arabinogalactan. Help to maintain healthy gut bacteria levels during a fast.
After fasting for several days/weeks, 1st meal should include protein, fat, vegetables, and lots of fiber.
Dose of carbs at dinner can help reduce anxiety due to serotonin release. Ok to eat a small amount of carbs if accompanied by MCT. Raw honey once or twice per week will take out of ketosis for a short period of time - raises glycogen in the liver, which preferentially feeds the brain.
Proteolytic enzymes (serrapeptase, nattokinase) produced in the pancreas break down proteins, but meant to support autophagy not digestion. Can supplement with these to aid digestion and break up clotting factors (Wobenzym and Masszymes are brands). Take 1-2 120,000 SU serrapeptase capsules and 1-2 2,000 FU nattokinase capsules daily.
Adaptogens
- Ashwagandha and rhodiola are stress-modulating
- Holy basil, ginseng, cordyceps are anti-inflammatory
- Reishi is relaxing
- Lion's mane aids nerve regeneration, Australian best
- Some can be extractged by water, others alcohol - go for liquid extracts over powder
Vitamins and Minerals
- Vitamin C, water soluble, take on an empty stomach for absorption (body can take up to 30g per day… best to limit to 1-4 g per day)
- B12 and folate, both water soluble. B12 protects against dementia, immune function, nerve support, increases immune function. Taking it creates a deficiency in folate - must be taken together. Causes neurological conditions if insufficient.
- A is fat soluble. Body is not efficient at converting beta-carotene into vitamin A, so difficult to get from food. Liver and oysters are the best source. 10,000 IU per day as a supplement improves immunity and can help with sleep.
- D is fat soluble, fights aging process, moderates immune function, facilitates hormonal response, calcium metabolism and bone formation. 1,000 IU of D3per 25lb body weight (or spend time in sun)
- E protects from cellular destruction - reco is natural over synthetic, even though natural is less stable?
- K2 is critical for calcium metabolism, works together with vitamin D. 1500mg per day
- I - critical for thyroid function. Iodized salt is chemically bleached. 150mcg per day, take in morning
- Mg - can cause loose stool, take with food. Body is naturally highest at noon, so take half in morning and half at bedtime. 800 mg per day
- K and Na - get from baking soda and salt. 200mg at bed
- Cr and V - modulate insulin levels. 200mg Chromium polynicotinate and 2mg vanadyl sulfate per day
- Zn and Cu - create CuZnSOD copper-zinc superoxide dismutase together, one of body's most potent natural defense mechanisms against molecular damage. 15mg zinc orotate and 2mg copper orotate with food
Amino Acids, fats, anti-inflammatories
- L-tyrosine boosts mood and cognition, able to cross blood-brain barrier. 750-1500mg in the morning before eating any other protein
- L-glutamine - Glutamine and BCAA's take body out of ketosis by raising insulin, but turns brain on. Take on an empty stomach… with MCT if you want to stay in ketosis
- Fish oil / krill oil - anti-inflammatory, improves brain function - needs to be high quailty unoxidized.
- Ginger (gingerols, shogaols, and paradols) and turmeric (curcumin)
- Antimicrobials and probiotics - grapefruit seed extract, do not take on an empty stomach
- Arginine, ashwagandha, boron, cnidium, folate, ginko biloba, ginseng, kava, maca (not raw, gelatinized), Mg, Se, Turmeric, Vitamin C, D3, Zn - for sex life
Sleep
Nighttime cortisol production kicks in around 3am - glymphatic circulation, critical part of sleep cycle to wash brain free of toxins. Cortisol release at 3am cleans individual neurons, but can make your mind race at 3am - try eating raw honey before bed (can take with MCT).
First light of sun in the morning - angle/color/intensity of light - believed to control 70% of circadian rhythms. Diet is 20% and Room temperature is the last 10%
Inflammatory foods that cause cravings and make fasting harder (mostly plant)
- High oxalate foods - induce body to produce calcium crystals. Oxalic acid C2O4(2-) waste product that can lead to kidney stones (attracts Ca2+?): sesame, soy, raw kale, spinach, chard, beets
- High histamine foods - released by WBC's in immuno-response: fish sauce, soy sauce, leftover fish, leftover pork
- Phytic acid - inhibits protein digestion: beans, grains, wheat, legumes
- Burned or charred meat, grains, vegetables - high temp cooking creates toxic compounds including (AGE, HCA, PAH)
- High lectin foods: tomatoes, potatoes, bell peppers, hot peppers, eggplant, beans, chickpeas
24hr fast triggers lipolysis (breakdown fats into constituent fatty acids). Fatty acids, converted into ketones through beta-oxidation. Liver releases ketones into bloodstream.
- After 24hrs ketones when glycogen depleted, ketones are primary fuel source
- Ketones help suppress ghrelin levels to manage hunger feelings
- In fasting, liver reduces secretion of IGF-1
Inflammation
- White rice always eaten by cultures over brown rice despite lower GI and higher nutrition of brown rice. Brown rice contains lectins and high contents of arsenic. Higher cravings due to difficulty to digest
- Neurons run best on ketones, glia run best on glucose - because of anti-inflammatory effects of ketones, produces calming sensation in glia.
- Gluconeogenesis is not only inefficient, but also produces many waste products (NH3)
- Hormesis - body thrives by adapting to adversity. Cold therapy proven for pain relief, faster recovery from injury, better mood, boosted immune system, weight loss, reduced risk of cancer and dementia. Strengthens lymphatic system and circulation
Types of Fasts
- 16:8 - standard 16hr fast / 8hr eating window
- Bulletproof (modification of 16:8) - MCT/coffee in morning, skip lunch or late lunch, finish eating by 8pm
- 5:2 fast - fast 5 days per week, eat 500-600 calories the other 2 days
- OMAD (23:1)
- Beware of the fasting trap: Fasting too frequently puts strain on body over time - creating an obsessive habit is never a good idea. Fasting too much will reduce sex hormones, thyroid hormone, increase cortisol and adrenaline, reduce muscle mass
- If you have a bacterial infection - avoid carbs and continue moderate fasting
- If you have a viral infection - eat protein and eat a moderate amount of carbs (not sugar), and MCT oil