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Exerciţii de admiraţie: eseuri și portrete

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Nimic nu e mai jalnic decât cuvântul, și totuși doar prin el ajungi la acele senzații de fericire, la jubilația ultimă în care ești cu desăvârșire singur, eliberat de orice sentiment de apăsare. Absolutul atins prin cuvânt, prin însuși simbolul fragilității! — CIORAN

208 pages, Hardcover

First published January 1, 1979

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About the author

Emil M. Cioran

180 books4,321 followers
Born in 1911 in Rășinari, a small village in the Carpathian Mountains of Romania, raised under the rule of a father who was a Romanian Orthodox priest and a mother who was prone to depression, Emil Cioran wrote his first five books in Romanian. Some of these are collections of brief essays (one or two pages, on average); others are collections of aphorisms. Suffering from insomnia since his adolescent years in Sibiu, the young Cioran studied philosophy in the “little Paris” of Bucarest.

A prolific publicist, he became a well-known figure, along with Mircea Eliade, Constantin Noïca, and his future close friend Eugene Ionesco (with whom he shared the Royal Foundation’s Young Writers Prize in 1934 for his first book, On the Heights of Despair).

Influenced by the German romantics, by Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, and the Lebensphilosophie of Schelling and Bergson, by certain Russian writers, including Chestov, Rozanov, and Dostoyevsky, and by the Romanian poet Eminescu, Cioran wrote lyrical and expansive meditations that were often metaphysical in nature and whose recurrent themes were death, despair, solitude, history, music, saintliness and the mystics (cf. Tears and Saints, 1937) – all of which are themes that one finds again in his French writings. In his highly controversial book, The Transfiguration of Romania (1937), Cioran, who was at that time close to the Romanian fascists, violently criticized his country and his compatriots on the basis of a contrast between such “little nations” as Romania, which were contemptible from the perspective of universal history and great nations, such as France or Germany, which took their destiny into their own hands.

After spending two years in Germany, Cioran arrived in Paris in 1936. He continued to write in Romanian until the early 1940s (he wrote his last article in Romanian in 1943, which is also the year in which he began writing in French). The break with Romanian became definitive in 1946, when, in the course of translating Mallarmé, he suddenly decided to give up his native tongue since no one spoke it in Paris. He then began writing in French a book that, thanks to numerous intensive revisions, would eventually become the impressive 'A Short History of Decay' (1949) -- the first of a series of ten books in which Cioran would continue to explore his perennial obsessions, with a growing detachment that allies him equally with the Greek sophists, the French moralists, and the oriental sages. He wrote existential vituperations and other destructive reflections in a classical French style that he felt was diametrically opposed to the looseness of his native Romanian; he described it as being like a “straight-jacket” that required him to control his temperamental excesses and his lyrical flights. The books in which he expressed his radical disillusionment appeared, with decreasing frequency, over a period of more than three decades, during which time he shared his solitude with his companion Simone Boué in a miniscule garret in the center of Paris, where he lived as a spectator more and more turned in on himself and maintaining an ever greater distance from a world that he rejected as much on the historical level (History and Utopia, 1960) as on the ontological (The Fall into Time, 1964), raising his misanthropy to heights of subtlety (The Trouble with being Born, 1973), while also allowing to appear from time to time a humanism composed of irony, bitterness, and preciosity (Exercices d’admiration, 1986, and the posthumously published Notebooks).

Denied the right to return to Romania during the years of the communist regime, and attracting international attention only late in his career, Cioran died in Paris in 1995.

Nicolas Cavaillès
Translated by Thomas Cousineau

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Profile Image for Valeriu Gherghel.
Author 6 books2,070 followers
January 23, 2025
Unul dintre foarte puținii mei prieteni crede că Exerciții de admirație e cea mai reușită carte a lui Cioran. Nu-i împărtășesc întru totul opinia, eu pun cele o mie de pagini din Caiete mai presus de orice altă scriere a lui. Dar s-ar putea să mă înșel.

Cititorul poate fi intrigat de titlul deceptiv al acestui volum. Admirația mefientă a lui Cioran nu e niciodată întreagă. Textele sînt pline de împunsături și maliții la adresa celor admirați. Obiecțiile nu lipsesc. Nici ironia...

Două portrete fac excepție. Primul e cel dedicat lui Samuel Beckett (i se pare lui Cioran un exemplu de discreție și bun simț), celălalt poetei Susana Soca (o „Victoria Ocampo a Uruguayului”, prețuită și de Borges), o femeie de o frumusețe nepămînteană. Titlul spune totul: „Ea nu era de aici”. Cioran desenează conturul unui înger vaporos. Printre remarcile apăsat misogine din acest volum (destul de multe), descrierea Susanei Soca este excepția care nu infirmă, din păcate, regula.

Se cunoaște scandalul provocat de „Valéry în fața idolilor săi”. Un editor a avut imprudența de a-i solicita lui Cioran o prefață la o antologie din scrierile francezului. A primit textul și s-a îngrozit: el voise un elogiu și nu o diatribă. Au început să negocieze, dar Cioran n-a acceptat să redacteze o nouă prefață, mai blîndă. Volumul lui Valéry s-a tipărit fără introducerea lui Cioran. Admirațiile lui erau necruțătoare.

E limpede că E.M. Cioran nu a avut vocație de encomiast. Pe Borges îl căinează că a fost lovit de marea năpastă a gloriei: „Neşansa de a fi recunoscut [de a deveni notoriu] s-a abătut asupra lui. Merita o soartă mai bună”. Fitzgerald nu a reușit să fie „un anxios de calitate” și asta dovedește că a fost „un spirit de mîna a doua”: „Ca toţi indivizii frivoli, se teme să coboare mai adînc în el însuşi”. Despre Chamfort afirmă în treacăt: „laconismul trebuie să rămînă tăcere dacă nu vrea să alunece într-o profunzime fals enigmatică”. Cu asta sînt perfect de acord. Chiar dacă le întorci pe dos, maximele moraliștilor francezi rămîn la fel de insipide. Lasă impresia că exprimă un mister absolut, dar în realitate seamănă cu niște păstăi goale.

Transcriu și o observație despre lumea aparte a Iașilor:
„Paradis al neurasteniei, Moldova e o provincie de un farmec trist, de-a dreptul insuportabil. La Iaşi, capitala ei, am petrecut în 1936 două săptămîni: în lipsa alcoolului, aş fi murit de urît, un urît ce te topea pe picioare” (în articolul despre Benjamin Fondane / B. Fundoianu).

Cîțiva termeni preferați de Cioran: isterie, explozie, exasperare, fanatism, delir, exces, convulsiv, insolubil etc.

P. S. Articolele lui Cioran se referă la Joseph de Maistre, Paul Valéry, Samuel Beckett, Saint-John Perse, Mircea Eliade, Roger Caillois, Henri Michaux, Benjamin Fondane, Jorge Luis Borges, Maria Zambrano, Otto Weininger, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Guido Ceronetti, Susana Soca.
Profile Image for BlackOxford.
1,095 reviews70.3k followers
November 16, 2023
The End of the End

Drawn and Quartered begins with an account of the Gnostic myth of the origin of mankind. Originally part of the heavenly host, human beings were unable to make up their minds whether to join the battle of the angels for or against God. For this indecision, we were banished to earth. The essential feature of our existence here is its lack of meaning, an appropriate punishment indeed, which we constantly attempt to escape by inventing stories like the Gnostic myt..

This “truth of no truth” is the ultimate truth, as it were. “Our only choice is between irrespirable truths and salutary frauds.” We must hide from the truth in order to exist at all. This is “an inhuman truth,” one that is both inhumane and beyond the ability of our species to comprehend it. So we do our best to avoid it. The principal tool of our self-delusion is history. Without history we are already in what theologians call the eschaton , the end times. “History is the obstacle to ultimate revelation.”

Francis Fukuyama was right therefore when he declared the End of History (in 1992), but not in the sense he imagined. Cioran anticipated his point, and radicalized it, long before Fukuyama had made it: “Henceforth there will be no more events!” they will exclaim” (in 1979). Fukuyama was referring to the inevitability of democratic capitalism as the future of the political world. Given subsequent events, Fukuyama was merely guilty of wishful thinking. Cioran got it right: it is when a political system looks most permanent that it is most vulnerable to being swept away. This is the truth hiding in Fukuyama’s error.

This is what the eschaton looks like. We inhabit it. We have always lived in it but have taught ourselves not to notice. This is an error whose truth we cannot conceive. In the midst of the end we are unable to appreciate it for what it is: the absence of any meaning we have been trying incessantly to impose upon the world. There is nothing more beyond this. Even the end has no meaning. “The truth is, history does not quite lack essence, since it is the essence of deception, key to all that blinds us, all that helps us live in time.” For Cioran , history is “the rush toward a future where nothing ever becomes again?” His suggestion is that we stop rushing; we have arrived.
Profile Image for Szplug.
466 reviews1,511 followers
May 9, 2013
Doubt works deep within you like a disease or, even more effectively, like a faith.
I am incapable of tiring of Cioran. His pessimism is so freaking lyrical, his aphorisms so exquisitely timbered, his arpeggiated paragraphs and chorded essays so harmonic in their opaline darkness, their existential deliquescence, their inertial braggadocio, that I'm reduced to fanboy relish every time.
Our only choice is between irrespirable truths and salutary frauds.

Like tragedy, history resolves nothing, because there is nothing to resolve. It is always by failure that we study the future. Too bad we cannot breathe as if events, in their totality, were suspended! Each time they evidence themselves a little too much, we suffer a fit of determinism, of fatalistic rage. By free will we explain only the surface of history, the appearances it assumes, its external vicissitudes, but not its depths, its real course, which preserves, in spite of everything, a baffling, even a mysterious character. We are still amazed that Hannibal, after Cannae, did not fall upon Rome. Had he done so, we should be boasting today of our Carthaginian ancestry. To maintain that whim, that accident, hence the individual, play no part, is folly. Yet each time we envisage the future as a totality, the verdict of the Mahahharata invariably comes to mind: "The knot of Destiny cannot be untied; nothing in this world is the result of our actions."

History in slow motion has inexorably been replaced by history out of breath. Institutions, societies, civilizations differ in duration and significance, yet all are subject to one and the same law, which decrees that the invincible impulse, the factor of their rise, must sag and settle after a certain time, this decadence corresponding to a slackening of that energizer which is...delirium. Compared with periods of expansion, of dementia really, those of decline seem sane and are so, are too much so—which makes them almost as deadly as the others.

Historical time is so tense, so strained, that it is hard to see how it can keep from exploding. At each of its moments it gives the impression that it is on the point of breaking.

Nothing makes us modest, not even the sight of a corpse.

I have always been attracted by lost causes, by individuals without a hope of success, whose follies I have espoused until I suffer from them almost as much as they do.

I do not struggle against the world, I struggle against a greater force, against my weariness of the world.

I try to oppose the interest I take in her, I imagine her eyes, her cheeks, her nose, her lips in a high state of putrefaction. No help for it: the indefinable element she releases persists. It is in such moments that one understands why life has managed to sustain itself, in spite of Knowledge.
Et cetera, inter alia, e pluribus unum...

Does he tend to wend the same groove? Is his bile, at sixty, a touch less deliriously effervescent, a shade more risible, than when he was a Romanian stripling yearning for the void from Transylvanian thickets? Does such as his mistaken belief that the Communist world would outlast an enervated West lay bare the veils and glamours through which his raking eye was (self-)deceived? Sure. But with his gorgeous tongue, I say let the man have his blasphemous gall, let him inspiritingly rail, let him prune humanity's shrubs. It's not like contentment or happiness is mandatory.
Profile Image for Nada Elshabrawy.
Author 4 books9,351 followers
September 6, 2021

انا قادم من بقعة يكاد يلتزم فيها الجميع بتجاوز الحدود وإساءة الأدب والبوح والاعتراف الفوري المجاني غير المحتشم. بقعة يعرف فيها الجميع كل شيء عن الجميع وتتخذ فيها الحياة المشتركة هيئة كرسي اعتراف عمومي حيث السر تحديدًا امر لا يمكن تخيله، وحيث تفضي الثرثرة إلى الهذيان.
Profile Image for 0.
109 reviews12 followers
December 29, 2017
This is my 4th cioran book, and I’m picking up on some common themes across his writings. i'm also realizing that no other writer i've read has expressed pessimism as deeply or as expressively as he did.

For cioran, life is unbearable. the awareness that life is unbearable makes it even moreso, so a certain amount of self-deception is necessary to survive. Ultimately, what we do or think doesn’t matter, in the grand scheme of things, and this gives him some comfort in the same way that I am comforted by the knowledge that the universe will end one day, but it doesn’t do much to alleviate our suffering in the present. Suicide is no solution, because “one always kills oneself too late.” Neither is hatred, although cioran’s writings abound with instances of disgust and sometimes violent fantasies towards himself and others. Compassion is too soft for him, smacks too much of humanism. All there is to do is suffer, and suffer greatly, sometimes with spite and sometimes with stoicism.

This dialectic of suffering and meaninglessness plays out again on a political level. He always includes essays about the scope of political history and nations, which always make me uneasy because of their flirtation with fascism. he laments the ongoing decline of western civilizations, which he observes in europe’s nihilistic decadence, indicated by its liberal humanist values, its cosmopolitanism, multiculturalism, and relativism. it's hard to read this dreck without recalling his past support of romania's fascist iron guard. although he quickly repudiated his support of the party, he seems to have never shook off the beliefs that induced him to fascism--the invocation of an ethnic or nationalist spirit of a people, race, or blood that guides them to glory; a yearning to violently return to that former glory; a disgust for liberal humanists and leftists; an inclination to mysticism. cioran (like many other nihilists & pessimists, actually) is always playing on the edge of fascism.

Ultimately, he concedes, nationalism is just another necessary illusion for life. It can’t be overcome, but it can’t be fully accepted, either, since the pursuit of meaning through national greatness is destined to result in failure. Examples abound in history: the success of every empire inevitably leads to its ruin. studying history should lead anyone to conclude that humanity bears a cursed and empty existence.

“we cherish our anathemas, greedy for what pulverizes us; not for anything would we renounce our own nightmare to which we have assigned as many capital letters as we have known illusions. these illusions have been discredited, like the capital letters, but the nightmare remains, decapitated and naked, and we continue to love it precisely because it is ours and because we do not see what to replace it by.

...

what is sure is that he is stricken in his depths, that he is rotten to the roots. moreover we do not feel ourselves to be truly men except when we become aware of this essential rottenness, partly masked hitherto but increasingly perceptible since man has exploded his own secrets. by dint of becoming transparent to himself, he can no longer undertake anything, 'create' anything, and this will be a dessication by insufficient blindness, by an extermination of naivete...he is rotten, yes, gangrenous, and all of us with him. we advance en masse toward a confusion without analogy, we shall rise up one against the other like convulsive defectives, like hallucinated puppets, because, everything having become impossible and unbreathable for us all, no one will deign to live except to liquidate and to liquidate himself. the sole frenzy we are still capable of is the frenzy of the end. then will come a supreme form of stagnation when, roles played, stage abandoned, we can ruminate the epilogue at leisure.”

so we wait, in uneasy company, me and this creep cioran, to return to the nothingness from which we came. i don't think we would have gotten along. he is a beautiful stylist, though.
Profile Image for WillemC.
599 reviews27 followers
September 26, 2024
Vier pessimistische essays over het einde van de geschiedenis / mensheid, gevolgd door een hele reeks aforismen. Allemaal van wisselende kwaliteit. (eerste leesbeurt augustus 2020, 3/5)

Tweede leesbeurt:
"Gevierendeeld" was vier jaar geleden mijn eerste kennismaking met Cioran en ik was maar matig onder de indruk. Nu ik al wat van zijn ander werk gelezen heb, was dit het herlezen zeker waard. De essays waren wat makkelijker verteerbaar, vooral het derde en het vierde - over het einde van de geschiedenis en de posthistorische mens - zijn de moeite, en bij de aforismen apprecieer ik de humor, de ironie en de spot veel meer dan tijdens de eerste leesbeurt. Geen uitgewerkt systeem maar gedachteflitsen, ideeën en anekdotes, een soort autobiografische anti-filosofie geschreven door een fantastische stilist, vol tegenstellingen en paradoxen, maar daardoor net interessant. Ciorans obsessie voor twijfel, de tijd, verval, leegte, wanhoop, extase, geschiedenis, ... blijft fascinerend. 4/5!

"Jubelen, in welke vorm dan ook, leidt in uiteenlopende mate tot migraine, misselijkheid of iets even erbarmelijks, even vernederends."

"De cirkel van de Hel met de minste mensen maar de grootste kwellingen moet die zijn waarin men de Tijd geen moment kan vergeten."

"Zodra je de straat opgaat en er mensen in je blikveld komen, is uitroeiing het eerste woord dat bij je opkomt."

"In de Jardin des Plantes heb ik langdurig gekeken naar de ogen van een alligator, naar zijn oeroude blik. Wat me in reptielen aantrekt is hun ondoordringbare versuffing, hun verwantschap met de stenen: je zou zeggen dat ze van voor het leven zijn, dat ze eraan voorafgingen zonder het aan te kondigen, dat ze het ontvluchtten zelfs..."
Profile Image for soulAdmitted.
290 reviews70 followers
December 3, 2017
"Esistere è un plagio"


Giunta a pagina settantacinque su centosettantasette ho un'urgenza di stellinatura. Procedo con l'operazione.
Visto che ci sono, qualche minuto dopo, riporto uno dei trenta passaggi che vorrei trascrivere. Questo:

"Quello che ci rovina, no, quello che ci ha rovinati, è la sete di un destino, di un destino qualunque; e se questa debolezza, chiave del divenire storico, ci ha distrutti, ci ha annientati, nello stesso tempo ci avrà salvati, dandoci il gusto della rovina, il desiderio di un avvenimento che superasse tutti gli avvenimenti, di una paura che superasse tutte le paure. Dato che la catastrofe è l'unica soluzione, e la post-storia, nell'ipotesi che possa seguire ad essa, l'unico sbocco, l'unica possibilità – è lecito chiedersi se l'umanità quale essa è non avrebbe interesse a cancellarsi adesso piuttosto che estenuarsi e afflosciarsi nell'attesa, esponendosi ad un'era di agonia in cui rischierebbe di perdere ogni ambizione, anche quella di sparire".

Aggiungo due righe per riprendere coscienza e procedere serena (!) obbligandomi a ricordare che, quando si parla di Cioran, per definire 'catastrofe' e 'cancellazione' si può comodamente attingere alla mistica, anzi, si deve. Il che rende più che plausibile la riconciliazione tra atteggiamento antistorico e disposizione storica. E mi risolve un fastidiosissimo senso di appagamento fisico a prescindere, qualsiasi pronunciamento accompagni le irruzioni del Solitario nei miei giorni.

Continuo a leggere. A pagina ottantasei trovo questo:

"Ciò che non si può tradurre in termini di mistica non merita di essere vissuto".
Profile Image for محمد العرڨوبي.
100 reviews72 followers
December 21, 2020
قبل كل شيء تجدر الاشارة إلى أن هذا الكتاب لملك التشاؤم سيوران يختلف عن طبيعة الكتابين الذين سبق أن قرأتهما وهوما : "اعترافات ولعنات" و "المياه كلّها بلون الغرق" ، فيما كانا الأوّلين عبارة عن اقتباسات و أفكار متفرّقة صدرت عن سيوران، إلا أن هذا الكتاب تناول عدّة شخصيّات ذاع صيتها في المجالين الأدبي والفلسفي عموما، نذكر على سبيل المثال لا الحصر : بيكيت، بورخيس، فيتزجيرالد،غيدو شيرونيتّي ...

لا أعرف إلى أي مدى استمتعت الشخصيات الثقافية التي كانت لا تزال على قيد الحياة عندما نشر سيوران هذا الكتاب الذي يحتوي على عدة مقالات "عن السيرة الذاتية" إلى حد ما، لأنه عندما يبدأ سيوران من فرضية "تمارين في الإعجاب" يصل دائما، في جميع الحالات تقريبا، إلى تمرين في النقد الذاتي، حتى لو كان أنيقا ومنطقيا (أو!)، لكنه لايزال نقدا ..

بالتأكيد، في أسلوبه المميز، لا يشعر المؤلّف بالحرج في قول ما يفكّر فيه بالضبط حول حياة و / أو مهنة شخصية معينة، سواء كانت متوفاة (ك: دو ميستر، فاليري أو سكوت فيتزجيرالد)، أو لا يزال على قيد الحياة (ك: إلياد، بورخيس أو بيكيت) .. من الواضح أنّه لا يوجد أي شك في أن سيوران لم يغّير ولو مجرّد كلمة في نقده أو تمجيده للشّخصيات التي ذكرها، ولا حتى في حالة أولئك الذين يعتبرهم أصدقاءه، مثل ميشو أو بيكيت (مرّة أخرى)، ومع ذلك، فإن الحقيقة البسيطة المتمثلة في أن إيميل عبّر عن أفكار معيّنة حول هؤلاء الأشخاص تنبع أيضا من اهتمام خاص، ناتج عن تأثير (أكبر أو أقل) كان لأي منهم على الفيلسوف الروماني .. ومن منظور "سيوراني"، يُطلق على هذا النهج اسم "الإعجاب" ..

"إنّ من الجنون الاعتقاد أنّ الحقيقة تكمن في الاختيار في حين أن كل موقف نتّخذه يساوي احتقارا للحقيقة"
Profile Image for Evi *.
395 reviews308 followers
April 19, 2022
Cioran lo squartatore

Cioran Il filosofo squartatore, il metafisico solitario, il nichilista cinico; rumeno per nascita ma francese di adozione, ad un certo punto sceglierà la lingua francese per scrivere le sue opere, lingua estremamente adatta al parlare filosofico.
Squartamento è un breve saggio che sembra scritto per oggi, per questo pianeta babilonizzato dove si è perso il senso del silenzio e il frastuono (oggi anche delle bombe), il chiacchiericcio, l'opinione sovrasta e nasconde la verità, l'opinione... solo uno dei tanti punti di vista gettati sulla realtà.
Saggio che possiede una capacità predittiva sorprendente, anticipa, ben 40 anni prima, il senso di fine, di totale incertezza di questi giorni cupi.
Secondo Cioran la storia ha raggiunto il suo culmine perché l'uomo ormai ha dato il meglio di sé e anche se si dovesse assistere alla comparsa di altre civiltà, non avranno mai il valore di quelle antiche e moderne.
La fine della storia è inesorabile, e la post-storia si presenterà come una versione peggiorata della preistoria.
Inutile affannarsi, meglio accelerare la catastrofe per evitare la lunga agonia, piuttosto che estenuarsi e afflosciarsi nell'attesa.
La visione di Cioran squarta un mondo già di per sé squartato dove il sentimento del male attira infinitamente più del sommo bene.
Cioran assetato di assoluto in un mondo in cui la riserva di assoluto è quasi agli sgoccioli.
Cioran idolatra del dubbio, ondivago, ci getta una corda, ci tende una mano per poi abbandonarci verso un nichilismo quasi mistico perché vuoto e senza oggetto, non il nichilismo dei russi, non quello del buddismo che ha come ultimo scopo la liberazione dall'esistenza, il nichilismo di Cioran è senza condizioni, unico chiarore che si permette è una vena di ironia che renda l'esistenza più accettabile.

La seconda parte del saggio è un aforismario.
Il genere aforisma condensa in poche lapidarie parole distillati di verità, di saggezza, di esperienza.
Brevi epigrammi, alcuni ficcanti, brillanti, ognuno troverà i propri in cui riconoscersi.
Ne ho sottolineati e salvati moltissimi, ricordando che
Si può essere contenti di sé solo quando si ricordano quegli istanti in cui, secondo l'espressione giapponese, si è percepito l'Ah! delle cose
Verissimo, credo, ma dubito cioè spero che, sebbene con una certa fatica, a volte mi succeda, di avere percepito l'Ah delle cose, come l'Ah di questo libro, ché un libro deve frugare nelle ferite, anzi deve provocarle. Un libro deve essere un pericolo. Grazie per averlo incontrato sul mio sentiero, giacché la filosofia è il mio secondo amore.
Profile Image for Steven Godin.
2,782 reviews3,391 followers
March 26, 2021

"The more power man acquires, the more vulnerable he becomes. What he must fear most is the moment when, creation entirely fleeced, he will celebrate his triumph, that fatal apotheosis, the victory the he will not survive. Most likely he will disappear before having realized all his ambitions. He is so powerful already that we wonder hey he aspires to be more so. So much insatiability betrays a wretchedness without recourse, a magisterial failure. Plants and creatures bear upon themselves the mark of salvation, as man those of perdition. This is true of each of us, of the Race as a whole, dazzled and crushed by the brilliance of the Incurable. Which is perpetuated through the nations, doomed to servitude by the simple automatism of becoming."
Profile Image for Taghreed Jamal El Deen.
707 reviews680 followers
July 14, 2024
متعة خالصة؛ مقالات ونصوص متفرقة كتبها سيوران عن معاصريه من الكتاب والأدباء، أبدعها عندي هو النص الخاص بالرمادي الجميل الآخر سامويل بيكيت.
وقبل نهاية الكتاب نص عن أنثى مجهولة الاسم، ثم نص أخير عن واحد من أوائل كتبه.
Profile Image for Alina Lucia.
49 reviews29 followers
February 23, 2021
Consciousness as a fatality.
Consciousness as a fatality is the overarching theme of the various essays and short epigrams constituting this book. Cioran criticizes the will to action and holds that it is ridiculous to want to do anything in this world. In his eyes, the will to action is a desperate attempt at concealing the only possible and absolute truth of life: death.

"[...]How would he go about describing our excesses, our demonic activities, the source of our dynamism?Would he comprehend our incapacity to elaborate a static vision of the world and to abide by it, to emancipate ourselves from the idea and the obsession of action?"

He contemplates and desires the vegetative state. The vegetative state, consistent of an accumulation of lacks, lack of ambition, lack of dynamism, of action and the frantic hysteria of the human animal. To him, the deviation from the vegetative state at the acquisition of consciousness was an irremediable step into the abyss.

"The abyss is in ourselves and outside ourselves, it is yesterday's presentiment, today's question, tomorrow's certainty."

The fall has yet to stop.
"Predestined to engulfment, we represent, in the drama of creation, the most spectacular and the most pitiable episode of all."

There is something humorous in any work by Cioran, a dark irony captured perfectly in his prose. While this book will undeniably spark an existential crisis, at least it will make you laugh along the way.
Profile Image for soulAdmitted.
290 reviews70 followers
March 26, 2024
"Non ha venduto l'anima all'Idea, ha salvaguardato la sua esistenza unica mettendo l'esperienza dell'Insolubile al di sopra della riflessione su di esso [...].
È vero ai suoi occhi solo ciò che precede o segue il detto, solo il verbo sottratto agli intralci dell' espressione, o, come dice magnificamente, 'la palabra liberada del linguaje' ".

Su María Zambrano
101 reviews3 followers
October 13, 2020
Çok ciddi ve parçalayıcı bir insan eleştirisi.
Kendi bakış a��ısından görüp değerlendirdiği;
Cezalı olarak geldiği gezegende hiç de göz dolduramayan, bencil, hırslı, etrafa ve doğaya inanılamayacak zararlar vererek kendini ve tüm varlıkları cendereye sokan, tanrı düşkünlüğünü riakarlığa vardıran, kendine ve mutluluğuna yabancılaşmış, akıl ve gerçek ile uyumsuz, kendi sonunu göremeyecek kadar budala, her türlü varoluşu kıskanan, üstünlük müptelası, doyumsuz ve panik insanın ipini pazara çıkarıyor.
Zavallı, himayeye muhtaç, yaptığı kötülüklere hoşgörü bekleyen bu acınası varlığın ancak yok olduğunda dengeye ve huzura erebileceğini anlatmaya çalışıyor.

Geldiğimiz nokta itibarı ile söylediklerinde hiç de haksız sayılmaz.

Kitaptan sevdiğim alıntılar:

İnsan; sürgün öncesi, safını seçme aczi ve kararsızlıkla bocalamanın ürünü olarak ortaya çıkmıştır.
Seçim yapmayı öğrensin diye gönderildiği yeryüzünde, eyleme ve maceraya mahkum olacak, ve içindeki seyirciyi bastırdığı nispette temizlenebilecektir.
Seçme ihtimalini bertaraf ettiğimiz, seçeneği hatayla bir tuttuğumuzda, bağlantısı olmayan insan saadetine yol alırız.

Üretmek talidir, asıl nemli olan, insanın kendi zenginliğini çekip kullanması, hiç bir ifade biçimi önünde eğilmeden tam olarak kendisi olmasıdır.

Antik Yunan ve Avrupa, aşırıya kaçan tanrı ve muadilleri tüketimi yüzünden ve dönüşüm tamahkarlığı sonucu erken ölen uygarlıklara örnektir.
Kendini gerçekleştirmiş, hünerlerini kullanıp harcamış, yeteneğinin kaynaklarını tüketmiş bir toplum olan Romalılar, artık birşey yapmadan yaşamayı arzuladılar, ancak böyle bir lüksleri yoktu ve barbarlar kitleler halinde harekete geçti.

İnsanı içsel ve dışsal olarak ayıran mistikler, gerçek varlık olarak birinciyi yeğler, ikinciyi kah acıklı, kah gülünç bir kukla olarak görürler. Ahlakçılar ise, hem tiksindikleri hem de cazibesine kapıldıkları dışsal insanı bir yandan suçlarken diğer yandan ortaklık yapar.

Özdeyişler; şaibeli bir tarz olsa da, ölçülü olma terbiyesidir. İnsanı laf kalabalığı münasebetsizliğinden kurtarır.

Hoşgörü; her ne kadar arzu edileni ve yaşamı, yaşamaya değer kılan bir şeyse de, bir acizlik ve yıkım belirtisi olarak da görülür. O zamanki toplum hoşgörülüydü, çünkü baskı uygulamak, dolayısıyla kendini devam ettirmek için gerekli güçten kuvvetten yoksundu.
Hasıma gösterilen lütufkarlık, güçten düşmüşlüğün, yani hoşgörünün en ayırt edici belirtisidir, ölüm döşeğindekinin son kertedeki işvesinden başka bir şey değildir.

Kimsenin hizmetçi olmaya tenezzül etmediği bir toplum kaybolur gider.
Gayesi olan hiçbir şey cefa olarak görülmez, savaşçı insanlar savaşı cefa olarak görmez.

Bugüne kadar hiçbir toplum, aynı zamanda hem siyasette, hem de dinde bilge olabilmenin sırrını bulabilmiş değil.

Doğru olandan ziyade yeni ve yaratıcı olanın peşine düşme, kullanışlı olandan ziyade hoş görüneni sevme, tiyatroda anlamdan çok oyuncunun ses ve vücudunu kullanmasına ilgi gösterme; akıldan ziyade izlenimle karar vermedir.

Fransızlar devrimi, gösterişçiliklerinden yapmıştı. Gösteriş merakı tabiatlarına öylesine işlemişti ki, temel özellikleri haline gelmişti, üretmelerini, tavır almalarını ve herşeyden önemlisi göz kamaştırmalarını sağlayan gücün kaynağında hep bu vardı.
Espri yani zekanın teşhiri, her durumda mutlaka karşısındakine üstün gelme, ne pahasına olursa olsun son sözü söyleme duygusu, hepsi bundan kaynaklanıyordu.

Doğada bilinç dışı, insanda kısmen, tanrılarda ise gümbür gümbür, ifadesini bulan, doyurulması imkansız bir kötülük arayışı vardır.

Bizler bizi tehdit edenlerle anlaşmalar yapar, lanetlerimizi tedavi ederiz. Bizi mahveden şeylere karşı doymak bilmez bir açlık duyarız.
İnsan tarihin faili, nesnesi, icracısı ve kurbanıdır.

İnsan, yazılı olmayan bütün yasaları ihlal ederek, -ki asıl önemli olan onlardır- kendisine tanınan tüm sınırları aşıp, öylesine yükselmişti ki, tanrıları kışkırtmaması mümkün değildi.

Tükenmişliğinin doruğunda, tarihin yükünden kurtulan insan, benzersiz olmaktan da feragat ettiğinde, elinde, hiçbir şeyin dolduramayacağı, bomboş bir bilinçten başka bir şey kalmayacaktır.

Herşey, tarihin ve onunla beraber insanın da geçip gideceğini gösteriyor.

Sonumuz dokunma mesafesinde, sonun gelişini hızlandırmak için, yukarının yardımına da ihtiyacımız yok.

İnsan, kudretine mefhun şekilde, doğayı hiçe sayıp, ayaklar altında eziyor, çöküntüye sürüklüyor, doğanın taşımasının mümkün olmadığı, iğrenç ve trajik bir keşmekeş yaratıyor.
İşlediği ağır suçlardan ötürü, insanın kendisi köleliğe sürüklenmeli ve rezil olmalıydı.

En çok da hayvanlara kinleniyoruz, dilsizliklerini ellerinden almak, onları sözel hale döndürmek, sözün alçaklığına maruz bırakmak için neler vermezdik. Üzerine düşünülmeyen, varoluşun, öylesine varoluşun cazibesi bize yasak olduğundan, buna mazhar olup zevkini çıkaranlara da tahammül edemiyor, maceramıza kayıtsız, sere serpe yaşayanlara hırsla saldırıyoruz. Tanrıların kudretinin sırrına nüfus ettiysek de, huzurlarının sırrına vakıf olamadık.

İnsanın tehlikeli refahının düsturu olan panik, onu öylesine ele geçirip, belirler hale gelmiştir ki, paniğini elinden almaya kalksanız anında can verir.

Okurun işini kolaylaştırmak hatadır. O, anlamaktan hoşlanmaz, yerinde saymayı, kuma batıp çıkmayı sever, cezalandırılmaktan hoşlanır. Ne dediği anlaşılmayan yazarın itibar görmesi bundandır.
Kitaplar yaraları kanatmalı, yeni yaralar açmalı, tehlike arz etmelidir.

Olağanüstülük merakı vasatlığın temel niteliğidir. (Diderot).

Söyleyecek bir şeyi olduğu için yazmaz insan, bir şey söyleme arzusu duyduğu için yazar.

Var olmak intihaldir.

Üretemez olunca, başkalarının yaptığı herşeyi, ilhamdan ve parlak fikirden yoksun bulmaya başlarız.

Ölüm bir mükemmellik halidir.

Verdiğimiz her tavize, o anda farkına varmadığımız, içten içe bir küçülme eşlik eder.

Çalışmadığı için canı sıkılan arkadaşıma, sıkıntının üstün bir hal olduğunu, çalışma fikriyle sıkıntıyı yan yana getirerek, sıkıntıyı aşağıladığını söylüyorum.

Var olmak, hiç bir anlamı olmayan muazzam bir fenomendir.

Hiçbir şey olmadığımda bile, bana her şey fazla geliyor.

Hakikate kanaatlerle erişmek imkansızdır, zira, her kanaat gerçekliğe dair meczup bir bakış açısından başka bir şey değildir.

Rüyada maktul olduğunu gördükten sonra uyumak, katil olduğunu gördükten sonra uyumaktan daha kolaydır.

Hiçbir şey tavazu sahibi yapmıyor insanı, ceset görmek bile.

Birine kitap göndermek, evinin kapısını zorlamak gibidir, haneye tecavüzdür, insanın sahip olduğu en kutsal şey olan, yalnızlığını çiğnemek, onu sizin düşüncelerinizi düşünsün diye kendinden uzaklaşmaya zorlamaktır.

Endişeli bir telaşa sürüklenmemenin en iyi yolu, sizden daha çok telaşa kapılmış biriyle görüşmektir.

Olmak, mahsur kalmak demektir.

Ne bu dünya, ne öbür dünya, ne de mutluluk şüpheye terk edilmiş insan içindir.

İnsan dert çekmeye adanmışsa, kendi dertleri ne kadar büyük olursa olsun, asla yetmez, başkalarının dertlerine de atılır.

Umut etme iptilası, tedavi edilmediği sürece, insan köledir ve köle olarak kalır.

Cinsellik ciddi mesele. Ona teslim olmayan, ya garip, ya enkaz, ya da aziz muamelesi görür.

Benim misyonum zaman öldürmek, zamanın ki ise beni öldürmektir.

Hırslı insanların, dikkatle yoğunlaşmış, ya da asabiyetle kasılmış yüz ifadelerinden tiksiniyorum.

Dostluk; bir anlaşma, bir uzlaşmadır. İki insan, birbirleri hakkında, gerçekte ne düşündüklerini, asla açığa vurmamaya zımnen söz verirler. Birbirini idare etmeye dayanan bir tür ittifak. Hiçbir dostluk abartılı dürüstlüğü kaldırmaz.

Hepimiz yanılgı içindeyiz, mizahçılar hariç.

Kötülük bu dünyanın mutluluğu için yapılan şeydir.

Anda yaşamak mümkün değildir. Ya gelecekte, ya geçmişte; ya endişe, ya pişmanlık içinde yaşanır.

Mutluluk; elde etmek ve haz duymakta değil, arzulamamaktadır.

Tanrılar kötülükten uzaktır, bilge ise üstündedir. Tanrılar, hala arzularına tabidir, onların kölesi olarak yaşarlar, bir tek bilge, arzudan kurtulmuştur.

Yaşlılık, kısacası yaşamış olmanın cezasıdır.

Her proje üstü örtülü bir kölelik biçimidir.
Profile Image for Berfin.
34 reviews
May 17, 2020
As if pessimism talks to you about what it is like, still it is so good and informative that you can't stop reading 👀👀
Profile Image for youmnaa teleb.
219 reviews147 followers
September 2, 2025
"الإنتاجُ مُتَنَفّسٌ خارقٌ والنشرُ لا يقلّ عنه. يصدر لك كتابٌ فإذا حياتُك أو قطعةٌ من حياتك خارجَك وقد أفلتت من ملكيّتك ولم تعد قادرة على إنهاكك. التعبير يُنقِصُ منك، يُفقِرِك، يخفِّفُ عنكَ عبء ذاتك. التعبير تخفيف من الجوهر وتحرير. إنّه يفرغك ومن ثم هو ينجيك، ويخلّصك من حمولة زائدة تزحمك. حين يمقتُ أحدُنا شخصًا إلى درجة أنه يتمنّى القضاء عليه، فالأفضل أن يمسك بورقة وأن يسجّل فيها مرارًا وتكرارًا أنّ فلانًا نذل ووغد ووحش، وسندرك فورًا أنّنا بتنا أقل حقدًا عليه وأننا نكاد نكف عن التفكير في الانتقام.
ذاك تقريبًا ما قُمتُ به حيال نفسي وحيال العالم. لقد استخرجتُ "رسالة في التحلّل" من أعماق أعماقي كي أشتم العالم وأشتُمَني. والنتيجة؟ أصبحتُ أكثر تحمّلاً لنفسي وأكثر تحمُّلاً للحياة. نحن نعالج أنفسنا قدر المستطاع."

متعة مختلفة مع سيوران
Profile Image for M.
75 reviews58 followers
July 28, 2021
“I spend my time advising suicide in what I write and advising against it in what I say. This is because the first case concerns a philosophical issue; the second, a being, a voice, a complaint . . .”

The difference between a lack of sympathy and a sympathy for lack is precisely the difference between philosophical pessimism and its cause—empathy gone haywire.

*

You have to wonder with Cioran. Was his pessimism, his resignation, his violent rejection of everything (including and especially himself) downstream from his regret over his involvement with fascism? Can we imagine a joyful Cioran—perhaps one who never discovered that “a self-respecting man is a man without a country”, or perhaps one who could forgive himself after his disavowal? Alternatively—was Cioran’s pessimism a destiny? Perhaps the facts of his life could have been anything else and we would still have been left a corpus full of poisoned letters to existence?

Cioran hides himself best when he expresses himself. The insomniac ramblings, the desire for death, the lament of aging and disease—none of this expressed Cioran’s real problems. Regret and shame, envy and self-loathing troubled him far more. In one aphorism, Cioran declares “a whole period of my life seems scarcely imaginable to me today, so alien to me has it become. How could I have been the man I was?”—and almost as quickly as he shows us his regret for who he was, he shows us his regret for who he became: “For years, opposing my “inclination,” I turned to expressions of wisdom alien to my nature, concerned to neutralise my bad tendencies instead of letting myself go… It is a seducer, it is the genius of salvation which has tempted me, and in yielding to it, even if only momentarily, I have contributed as best I could to the debilitation of the man I was and whom I should have remained.”

Conclusion: the examined life is the most worthless of all.

*

I couldn’t help re-reading a certain line from Drawn and Quartered when, one morning, a friend of mine approached me with a serious issue and, consequently, gave me something to do other than whittle away the time torturing myself:

“His panic is salutary to me: it forces me to calm him, and this effort of persuasion, this search for soothing arguments, soothes me in my turn.”

A mission statement, and perhaps that’s all these texts are. Soothing arguments of a peculiar and singular kind. Perhaps Cioran has never really advised suicide in what he wrote but only offered it as an fantastic remedy. As Nietzsche said, “The thought of suicide is a great consolation: by means of it one gets through many a dark night.”
Profile Image for Tosh.
Author 14 books777 followers
June 20, 2008
Cioran is one of those great writers that you can read in the bathtub, which is important to me. First thing in the morning you read his bite like wisedom, and then you are off! Bleak, yes, but then again he's the poet of social despair.
Profile Image for Ciòran(core).
49 reviews33 followers
May 21, 2012
4 e mezzo
File under: filosofia della storia + aforismi cioraniani random.
Cioran è qualcuno con cui si può finalmente parlare.
Profile Image for Sofìa.
114 reviews7 followers
April 18, 2017
Todo el recorrido histórico de este libro, más el plus de realidad ha sido muy oportuno.
Profile Image for Bogdan Liviu.
285 reviews508 followers
May 21, 2018
Proverb chinezesc: "Când un singur câine se-apucă să latre la o umbră, zece mii de câini fac din ea o realitate." De pus ca motto înaintea oricărui comentariu despre ideologii.
Profile Image for Caterina.
260 reviews81 followers
April 26, 2017
This collection of several essay-meditations and "Stabs at Bewilderment," a (delightfully titled!) collection of aphorisms has less spark, but still some of that tension between anguish and love of life that made his early book Tears and Saints so magnetic. (This is only the second Cioran book I've read - I can't speak much yet about On the Heights of Despair which I've only just started.) His aphorisms, personal and philosophical, seem to open a window into a fascinating, delightfully paradoxical soul - a poet of anguish who was somehow able to embue inner suffering with humor at times, without reducing its intensity, His thoughts - quite different from my own - often astonished me, and I wanted to open my mind and heart to receive these intellectual and emotional heights and depths - although not as great in range as in his earlier books; more weary but also more willing to laugh at himself - even in his choice of title. I admit to feeling a bit of contempt at times for the seemingly relentless despair, but at other times the expression of darkness was quite cathartic - and then I'd catch undertones of joy. I often laughed aloud. I marked many aphorisms to come back and reread. Among the essays, the highlight (or perhaps high darkness) was "Urgency of the Worst," a vastly despairing meditation on the End of History, very much in spirit of the mid-twentieth century.








Profile Image for Graziano.
903 reviews4 followers
August 19, 2017
Cominciamo bene:
L’uomo e’ inaccettabile. (175)

Sembra tuttavia difficile trovare, nei libri di Cioran, il bene, sia nella forma di Summum Bonum che in tutte quelle forme dell’illusione cosmica che il giudizio umano invoca e apprezza come bene. La muraglia appare senza finestre, addirittura senza crepe. Anche la grande finestra nirvanica di Schopenhauer, il presentimento leopardiano di un’arcana felicita’ delusa ma non impossibilissima, sembrano qui del tutto mancare. (Ceronetti, nota introduttiva, p. 13)

Dopo aver dettato legge ai due emisferi. Gli occidentali sono sul punto di diventarne lo zimbello… (30-1)

Il concetto stesso di progresso e’ divenuto inseparabile da quello di epilogo. (44)

Dopo tante conquiste e tanti successi di ogni sorta, l’uomo incomincia a passare di moda. (62)

Dal momento che l’amicizia e’ incompatibile con la verita’, fecondo e’ soltanto il dialogo muto con i nostri nemici. (89)

… Better be with the dead
… Than on the torture of the mind to lie
In restless ecstasy.
Macbeth, - mio fratello, mio portavoce, mio messaggero, mio alter ego.
(130)

Non c’e’ un altro mondo. Non c’e’ neppure questo mondo. Che cosa c’e’ allora? Il sorriso interiore che suscita in noi l’inesistenza evidente dell’uno e dell’altro. (139)





Profile Image for Marion.
83 reviews13 followers
September 30, 2011
quotes:

- The more power man acquires, the more vulnerable he becomes. What he must fear most is the moment when, creation entirely fleeced, he will celebrate his triumph, that fatal apotheosis, the victory he will not survive.

- Fortunate those who, born before Science, were privileged to die of their first disease!

- It is my elocutionary defects, my stammerings, my jerky delivery, my art of mumbling - it is my voice, my transeuropean r's, that have impelled me by reaction to take some care with what I write and to make myself more or less worthy of an idiom I mistreat each time I open my mouth.

- Existing is plagiarism.

- Each concession we make is accompanied by an inner diminution of which we are not immediately conscious.

- The only words that count, that are contagious, are those resulting from illumination or from frenzy, two states in which one is unrecognizable.

- Even when nothing happens, everything seems too much for me. What can be said, then, in the presence of an event, of any event?

- The only time we can be content with ourselves is when, according to a Japanese phrase, we remember having perceived the Ah! of things.




p. 122
Profile Image for سيد عبدالحميد.
67 reviews11 followers
September 1, 2021
من بين أشهر الفلاسفة على مر العصور وُلد في 8 أبريل/نيسان عام 1911 في قرية "رازيناري" برومانيا، نبي العدم كما يُلقب، "إميل سيوران". يُعد سيوران أحد أبرز فلاسفة القرن العشرين. ينبع سر تفرده من كونه أحد أشهر الداعين للبحث عن حقيقة كل شيء. ساعياً لهدم ما يعتبره الآخرون حقيقة راسخة في أذهانهم. لم تتوقف محاولاته عند نقد الأعمال الفلسفية أو الأدبية، بل شملت العديد من رجال السياسة والدين، بل إنه لم يتأخر عن نقد الأديان كلها معتبراً أنها نصوص رائجة للسيطرة على الناس بدلاً من مساعدتهم في الحياة.
في هذا العمل قرر سيوران أن يحمل مطرقته ليُهشم بها ما لا يحلو له، مستعيناً في ذلك بعقله وثقافته وسنوات حياته العديدة التي كون خلالها أفكاره حول النقد الأدبي ومذهبه الفلسفي الذي يشرح أزمة الوجود ومعاناة الإنسان في عالم رحب لا ينعم فيه بالهدوء والراحة إلا الجاهلون، أما الباحثون دائماً عن معنی أو قيمة الحياة فهم لا يتوصلون في النهاية إلا لحقيقة واحدة وهي أن هذا العالم يدفعنا للسأم.
..
Profile Image for Bogdan Liviu.
285 reviews508 followers
May 23, 2018
"Eliade a început să țină cursuri la Facultatea de Litere din Bucureşti. Mergeam să-l ascult de câte ori puteam. Fervoarea risipită în articolele lui se regăsea din fericire în aceste prelegeri, cele mai însuflețite, cele mai vibrante din câte-am auzit vreodată. Fără notițe, fără nimic, luat de valul unei erudiții lirice, zvârlea cuvinte convulsive şi totuşi coerente, subliniate de mişcarea crispată a mâinilor. O oră de tensiune, după care, adevărat miracol, nu părea istovit, şi poate că nici nu era. Ai fi zis că stăpâneşte arta de-a amâna la nesfârşit oboseala."
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222 reviews74 followers
January 26, 2022
The long-form essays on the philosophy of history are really good and interesting, but the books ends with 70 pages of aphorisms that are irrelevnt and, in fact, read like the B-sides of Temptation To Exist.
Ultimately kinda lame. Cioran's written better books. Best part is when he trashes the french.

Edit: the essays are an interesting Coda to "Schimbarea la fata a Romaniei". If you care about how his opinion on patriotism, history and culture has changed in the intervening 40 years, read the first essays.
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