This book got a rave review from the NYT earlier this year & is a finalist for the 2022 Carnegie Medal, which is evidence of ABSOLUTELY nothing except the fact that Publishing™ loves when Asian Americans engage in representation without threat to power, that is to say, a thousand different variants on exoticism.
'The Thousand Crimes of Ming Tsu' is at best, if you're being generous, confused or apolitical, and if you're inclined to be a bit more realistic, thinly-veiled male fantasy that's superimposed onto a narrator who at times appears only nominally Chinese. On the male fantasy count: how convenient you are a tall imposing violent man who seems to have no character attributes other than to kill other people and fulfill some oath to your "wife", and how convenient, everywhere you go (white) women fall in love with you and want to have sex with you!
There is so much description of Ming's actions that it becomes tedious to read—great, he put three bullets in another man's head—but it exists solely because it's meant to sate this (heavily gendered) cultural predisposition to violent fantasy. Sure, that might actually be entertaining, if this was a movie or a videogame. But reading paragraphs and paragraphs describing killing people? It gets old quick.
As for the confused/horrible politics: I could go on forever. Of course the "resistance" to the constant problem we're raking over the coals, AsAm and in this case specifically Chinese American masculinity, is to write a narrator who's everything Chinese men are stereotyped not to be: tall! speaks perfect English! does NOT speak Chinese! white women love him! Like, Tom Lin, you could also probably solve your issues with masculinity by realizing that its inextricable from misogyny and this Western ideal of 'male' is not really worth aspiring to.
Of course, you could say that we're getting this flavor of masculinity because of the period-typical setting/genre (Western). Then we're still left with a 'Chinese' character who basically feels like a white character with a few racist epithets tossed at him here and there, none of which actually seem to have any deep effect on his character or plot progression because so much of this story is poorly written male fantasy and indestructible plot armor.
There is also a particular scene where Ming threatens the ringmaster and clarifies that the Chinese men in the mining community are 'not his countrymen.' It's framed in a very triumphant way, so we're clearly supposed to see it as some 'defining moment' where Ming Establishes All Chinese People Are Not The Same! That shit made me cringe SO hard. Like, are we supposed to interpret his COMPLETE lack of solidarity with these working Chinese immigrants as a positive? How does that even make sense with his character when he worked the rails himself? When will we let go of aspiring to be recognized as individuals by white people & willing to forgo any sort of intra/inter racial solidarity to get it?
Maybe, of course, I'm thinking too hard about the politics of every moment. Maybe Ming is just, you know, a man on his own grind and don't you remember that moment in the Sierras where he covers the dead Chinese boy's body with rocks? Yes, and the problem is that we don't need another narrator is completely detached from his identity. He may well be a white guy doing all those things for the same reasons, covering the body out of sympathy, just with a Chinese name.
To be fair, there are some good concepts in this novel: I think the idea of taking the Western and writing it from the perspective of a Chinese man who labored on the rails is super fascinating, and a great way to upend the genre. The idea that in a whole world of people who's fate is already ordained, what it would be like to be the one person "outside bounds", who still has free will. A lot of the magical realist elements, from the prophet to the nature of memory and land, and having multiple lives—I thought I could detect a hint of Buddhist influence, and it was fascinating.
However, these concepts are treated in the novel as just "aesthetic" influences, interesting shit for people to say and observe that seems to have no deep influence on the plot or the narrator. Instead, we get clumsy action sequences, over and over, the same frame of the outsiders trekking through the desert. The point of Chinese labor building the railroads is only addressed in fleeting moments; we spend more time on Ming fantasizing about his white wife. It's like Lin introduces interesting concepts in his novel, and then immediately abandons them. The result is something that is boring, eye-roll inducing, and only momentarily compelling.
I honestly think a lot of the godawful representation/politics/male fantasy could perhaps be forgiven if the story was just better written. But God, it's just not. It's still readable, but I have very honestly read fanfiction that has better action, better characterization, better structure, better dialogue, and better prose. The plot was structured into these little mini-chapters of action that I'm guessing were meant to feel like quests, but not all of them were entertaining or distinct so it just felt a bit random. And also the PLOT ARMOR on Ming just got too unbelievable: EVERY shot on him "goes wide", he's got this blind prophet that says really cool stuff but functionally serves no other purpose than to inform him before every fight that he's not going to die and exactly how to survive, then when the prophet dies, a MAGIC COUGAR pulls up in the Sierras to save him from death. I mean, I understand this is a man who's "cheated death", but come on, when you get to the point where you're writing cougar ex machine to keep the plot going, this is just poorly written. Imagine the following scene:
1. Bad Guys Appear
2. They Draw Guns
3. Bad Guys Shot Misses
4. Mings Doesn't
And slap a for loop on this baby and you've basically got the novel's structure.
The dialogue was often wooden and sometimes didn't have much of a reason for occurring, I literally read a dialogue scene where Lin clearly just needed to move on from it, so it ends with one character randomly going "Let's stop talking about this" and they all just go silent. Ming will go from "bristling" to "scoffing" within like 10 seconds in the same conversation. So many characters are repeatedly mentioned by name but never given much or ANY actual characterization: Gomez, Gideon Porter, the Judge, Charles Dixon, even Ada. Like I am not even engaging with the novel on a thematic or stylistic level right now, literally just from the perspective of the actual writing, it's poorly executed.
Absolutely unsurprising that all those primarily white critics circles and review outlets would love something like this. They love garbage representation, enough to forgive bad writing to get it, and pat themselves on the back for being so diverse!