福柯文选III: 自我技术

by Michel Foucault, 汪民安 (translator)

本卷结集的文章主题是自我技术，自我技术决定了个人如何把自己构建成为自身行动的伦理主体。对古代人而言，这意味着：人们是怎样改变自我的？改变自我的目的、技术、影响何在？对自我技术和自我文化变迁的考察，构成了福柯晚年思考的主要内容，同时也塑造了晚期福柯一种典雅的语言风格。

（本套福柯文选共有三本，编选的文章，横跨福柯思想的整个领域，自六十年代的文学研究到生前的最后一期访谈，全方位、立体化地展现福柯思想全貌。其中，有些文章之前未有中文译本，更凸显了本文选内容上的独特性和价值。）

福柯的思想的力量和影响是令人惊讶的，同时也将是永恒的。

——爱德华·赛义德

福柯的方法既带有极端的科学辨别力，又保持有对“科学”的极端的距离；这是对我们的知识传统的第一次冲击。

——罗兰·巴特

如果福柯是一个伟大的哲学家，这是因为他出于历史之外的原因而利用了历史：就像尼采所言，因为人们希望一个时代将要来临，就反对这个时代，于是对这个时代产生影响。

——吉尔·德勒兹

423 pages

Published January 1, 2015

About the author

Paul-Michel Foucault was a French philosopher, historian of ideas, writer, political activist, and literary critic. Foucault's theories primarily address the relationships between power and knowledge, and how they are used as a form of social control through societal institutions. Though often cited as a structuralist and postmodernist, Foucault rejected these labels. His thought has influenced academics, especially those working in communication studies, anthropology, psychology, sociology, criminology, cultural studies, literary theory, feminism, Marxism and critical theory.
Born in Poitiers, France, into an upper-middle-class family, Foucault was educated at the Lycée Henri-IV, at the École Normale Supérieure, where he developed an interest in philosophy and came under the influence of his tutors Jean Hyppolite and Louis Althusser, and at the University of Paris (Sorbonne), where he earned degrees in philosophy and psychology. After several years as a cultural diplomat abroad, he returned to France and published his first major book, The History of Madness (1961). After obtaining work between 1960 and 1966 at the University of Clermont-Ferrand, he produced The Birth of the Clinic (1963) and The Order of Things (1966), publications that displayed his increasing involvement with structuralism, from which he later distanced himself. These first three histories exemplified a historiographical technique Foucault was developing called "archaeology".
From 1966 to 1968, Foucault lectured at the University of Tunis before returning to France, where he became head of the philosophy department at the new experimental university of Paris VIII. Foucault subsequently published The Archaeology of Knowledge (1969). In 1970, Foucault was admitted to the Collège de France, a membership he retained until his death. He also became active in several left-wing groups involved in campaigns against racism and human rights abuses and for penal reform. Foucault later published Discipline and Punish (1975) and The History of Sexuality (1976), in which he developed archaeological and genealogical methods that emphasized the role that power plays in society.
Foucault died in Paris from complications of HIV/AIDS; he became the first public figure in France to die from complications of the disease. His partner Daniel Defert founded the AIDES charity in his memory.