A distanza di quasi trent'anni dalla prima pubblicazione del volume, curato da Agostino Masaracchia e intitolato "La sconfitta dei Persiani" (1977), la Fondazione Valla offre una nuova edizione del libro IX totalmente rinnovata e aggiornata, sia nel testo critico sia nella traduzione sia nella curatela. David Asheri, già professore di storia antica all'Università Ebraica di Gerusalemme e curatore dei volumi I, III e VIII, è affiancato per la cura del testo da Aldo Corcella, docente di filologia classica all'Università della Basilicata.
Herodotus (Greek: Ηρόδοτος) (c. 484 – c. 425 BC) was a Greek historian and geographer from the Greek city of Halicarnassus, part of the Persian Empire (now Bodrum, Turkey) and a later citizen of Thurii in modern Calabria, Italy. He is known for having written the Histories – a detailed account of the Greco-Persian Wars. Herodotus was the first writer to perform systematic investigation of historical events. He has been described as "The Father of History", a title conferred on him by the ancient Roman orator Marcus Tullius Cicero. The Histories primarily cover the lives of prominent kings and famous battles such as Marathon, Thermopylae, Artemisium, Salamis, Plataea, and Mycale. His work deviates from the main topics to provide a cultural, ethnographical, geographical, and historiographical background that forms an essential part of the narrative and provides readers with a wellspring of additional information. Herodotus has been criticized for his inclusion of "legends and fanciful accounts" in his work. The contemporaneous historian Thucydides accused him of making up stories for entertainment. However, Herodotus explained that he reported what he could see and was told. A sizable portion of the Histories has since been confirmed by modern historians and archaeologists.