Philip Stokes goes over the thinkers that have developed modern thought in 100 Great Philosophers Who Changed The World. The book does not limit itself to talking about philosophers alone but includes articles on scientists and other men of stature. The book is primarily about men; it only lists around three women from my skimming of the Table of Contents. It could bother you if you let it, but I don't mind.
As I mentioned, the book does not merely discuss philosophers. It also talks about economists, scientists, psychologists, and more. For example, there is an article on Albert Einstein. The articles all contain the same basic information.
One problem is that the book only focuses on the West, i.e., European thought. Buddha, Confucius, Avicenna; you won't find them in this book. On the other hand, there are plenty of other books that cover those thinkers.