Israel's Secret Wars: A History of Israel's Intelligence Services was a required reading during my studies in RSIS for the Intelligence and National Security Module (S6206). The book was first published back in 1991 but revised in 1994 to include intelligence operations that happened during Operation Desert Storm. The work chronicles the extent and functions of all three Israeli intelligence agencies; namely Military Intelligence (Amman), Domestic Intelligence (Shin Bet) and Foreign Intelligence (Mossad) from the pre-Zionist period till the end of the First Gulf War.
The Israeli Intelligence Services grew out of sheer necessity from the days preceding the State of Israel, argued its authors, Ian Black and Benny Morris. Jews living in Arab lands during the period of the British Mandate were increasingly finding themselves being victims of organised violence and sporadic brutality. Hence, the first organised form of Jewish Intelligence, then known as the “Haganah”, was formed to loosely collate information on Arab mob movements in and within the vicinity of Jewish settlements.
The Israeli intelligence apparatus only began to take its form after the War of Independence. From the onset of the Israeli state onwards, operations by Amman, Shin Bet and Mossad went beyond the collection of information to include Zionist immigrant operations, the acquisition of enemy technology and the assassination of hostile political figures. Some of the more prominent operations carried out in recent decades by the intelligence services include the bombing of Iraq’s nuclear reactor and the kidnapping of key holocaust figures from Argentina. The 634-page book has exhaustively chronicled the three intelligence agencies, and the role that each of them played at every level of this evolution in function of the intelligence services.
The book also provides a valuable analysis into some of the most spectacular failures of the Israeli Intelligence services such as the slaughter at the 1972 Munich Games and Beirut in 1982.