8+ There were several five star stories in this collection, But sadly also some I found at best funny or diverting (three stars in my book). Interestingly enough the stories that I really, really loved belonged to a seperate category compared to the ones that were mildly interesting. Those last fell in two categories: stories where the alternate world was used to create humorous circumstances, leading up to a joke, or stories that alluded to known history, or were homages to known works of literature, but with different circumstances. Examples of the first category are 'Bedfellows' that describes two real world politicians from the turn of the century as gay lovers, and 'The weather's fine' that was based on a play with words: 'the seventies' can be an indication of temperature as well as a decade. I found this to be an interesting story, for sure, and the short story 'The Genetics Lecture' got me to chuckle, but to the main they did not fully engage me and they did slip from my recollection quickly (I had to look them up to write this review).
Stories belonging to the second category were 'The Quest for the Great Gray Mossy' that has a well known tale set in a world of intelligent dinosaurs, and 'The Maltese Elephant' that was a hard boiled detective with an unlikeable main character in a world in which the dwarf elephants of Malta never died out. Also the bigfoot stories at the start of the collection fall into this category. I liked the ways in which these worlds were different, but they didn't really surprise me in any way, often playing out just like you would expect. There was no twist in these stories - not in the realisation of when the world diverged from our world, or in the consequences of the divergence.
The true joy of an alternate history tale is when they serve to shine a light on real history, playing out as thought experiments, asking how things would have been different had one thing gone differently. History balances on small events, single decisions ('Jonbar points'). These stories shatter our assumptions about our place in the world. Are our beliefs not based on our upbringing? Would we not believe different things were we raised in a different setting? Of course, the author has a thumb on the scale - this is no more than speculation based on the assumptions of the author. But if the author knows his history and uses genuine facts from history, he or she can makes his assumptions more convincing. And will be able to surprise the reader in showing the conseqences of a different course of events. The five star-stories in this collection all belong to this category. I was genuinely touched by 'The Eight-Grade History Class Visits the Hebrew Home for the Aging', that was well written from the perspective of an older woman as well. 'Shtetl days' is a novella that manages to convincingly transport the reader to a Polish village where Jewish and Polish people live together, more or less peacefully, and then showing that this village is a reconstruction for touristis in a world in which Germany has conquered the world. It was heart-rending, and made me think. And the conclusion was really beautiful. 'Zigeuner' is another tale of the Holocaust, and also one of the best stories in the collection. These stories will stay with me for a long time. Also very powerful in the same vein is 'The Last Article' which asks if the passive resistence espoused by Mahatma Ghandhi would have been effective in resisting a German invasion. I thought the world of a German occupied India well described and the conclusion was harrowing.
Some other powerful stories look at other era's of world history. Always Turtledove manages to vividly describe other times and places, giving them a convincing sense of reality, including all kinds of well thought out details. I enjoyed 'Islands in the Sea', set in a world where Constantinople was conquered earlier in history, and envoys from Islam and Christendom try to convert the ruler of Bulgaria to their cause. A great case showing how history could have been changed, if only one event had played out differently. 'But it does move' had Galileo Galilei talking with a Cardinal from Vienna with some interesting idea's about the human soul ... A very fascinating exploration about the link between personality, science and belief. 'And so to Bed' has seventeenth century British upper class keeping ape men as servants. A fascinating world indeed! I found these to be the best stories in the collection. They made me think by challenging my assumptions, which is what all good stories should ultimately try to accomplish.
Sadly not all the stories in this collection reach the height of these stories, but I concede other readers my like the more humorous stories or the homages to literature more. All in all a great showcase of Harry Turtledove's gift for alternate history. Recommended if you have any interest in this subgenre of speculative literature.