I don't know if I can give this book a rating. As in, I don't know whether that would be ethical. Because I don't think I can judge this book like how I've judged other books because unlike most other books I've read this book is necessary. That's a really big word. But I mean it: this book is necessary, because without this book I'd never have known anything at all about the Rwandan genocide of the 90s. And how tragic is that? How many more years would I have spent in ignorance of such a huge event? And to make it more tragic: I didn't even pick up this book because I'd just casually found it in a bookstore or anything. (I couldn't find it in any of the Waterstone's in Canterbury. It wasn't stocked in the campus bookstore, even though it's a core text. There was only one copy of it in the library, and it was on 1-week loan.) I picked up this book because it was on my course, because I had to read it. This is the first time in my entire life that I've ever had to read anything about Africa, let alone the Rwandan genocide. And knowing about the genocide matters in the same way that knowing about The Holocaust matters--it matters because I share this earth with other people, other people who have lived and died by each other's hands, and I need to know this. The history of a certain group of people, regardless of who it is, is part of the greater history of all humankind. I need to know about all the awful things we have done to each other, so that I know how I can in my own way stop it from happening again.
Close to the start of the book, one of the characters says something about how (and I'm just loosely paraphrasing from memory here--my copy from the library has been recalled so I can't refer to it [note to self: in my module evaluation ask them to stock more copies of this book]), the rest of the world doesn't care about what goes on in Rwanda because, to the rest of the world, black-on-black violence seems to be a fact as old as time itself. The book then goes on to show how this isn't true, how people are people are people and anyone is capable of the extremes of violence and indifference carried out in Rwanda. (And in the Holocaust. And in the slave trade. And in the sex trade. And etc.) The book moves from different perspectives of characters on all sides of the violence--now we are in the head of a Tutsi victim, now in the head of a young Interahamwe soldier, now a Tutsi resistance fighter, now the organiser of a group of Interahamwe right before he makes the decision to blow up the Murambi Prefecture, now even a French foreign minister. In this way, we get a wide view of what everyone is fighting for and the ways that they justify themselves to themselves. You watch the characters go through various processes of "logic" that you yourself might have gone through in order to justify an action. For example the explanation for why a Hutu doctor suddenly turns on his own Tutsi wife and family and kills them all is that "he couldn't stand the shame of being married to a Tutsi anymore". Shame is a man-made thing: the doctor wasn't ashamed of his wife when he married her, yet recent events somehow managed to create this shame within him: we are not born ashamed of anything but are rather conditioned by other people to be so. And I've felt ashamed of things before. I've felt ashamed of other people before, even though they were my friends and family. When I first came to England and heard my mom speak to English people I noticed that her accent changed slightly so that she spoke more properly and dropped Malaysian colloquialisms. And I was ashamed of our language and the way our voices sounded, and I was ashamed of her, but my shame for her really stemmed from insecurity of myself. In the book, it is this kind of shame, amplified by the voices of other Hutu around him, that eventually leads the doctor to kill his own family. It seems like an extreme jump to make, but these things happen. These things did happen. And they happened because of people. And I am a person too. And this is what I meant by necessity: the book was necessary to me, because I needed to know what other people have done to each other over their own shame and insecurities, so that I do not do the same. And I think that if there is any fact that the book presents as being as old as time itself, it is not the fact of black-on-black violence, but the fact that we as human beings are constantly perceiving ourselves as the centre of the universe, despite all evidence to the contrary.
And so I can't judge this book because it was a necessary book for me. Like, I can't judge it for its style, or the way it presents the genocide, because I have nothing to compare it to, because I've never known anything about the genocide, and it's just necessary in the same way books are necessary in the first place.