I find Michael Pye books kind of frustrating. They keep jumping off of shelves at me because the subjects are so great. He hits neglected topics, and he covers them well. I found this book more satisfying than his "Edge of the World", but there's just something about his writing that puts me off. It strikes me as filled with infelicitous sentences, and journalistic flourishes that just don't work. It's probably just a matter of taste. Which is a shame, because he writes about things I feel I need to know about, and he researches them well.
Antwerp is one of those subjects. It's been a gap in my understanding for quite some time. I've long been aware of it as a stage in the steady march North and (mostly) East of Europe's center of economic gravity. Italy in the 1200s-1400s, Antwerp in the 1500s, Amsterdam in the 1600s, London from the 1700s-1917. Through some fairly intense reading in my my mid 30s, I felt I had an handle on the Dutch Golden age, and I even wrote a book that features the Amsterdam-London-New York transition in financial leadership. But Antwerp never quite made sense to me, even after grokking that all its protestants fleeing North was its demise. I've spent many an hour puzzling over old master canvases in the world's museums, not fully understanding that Antwerp to Amsterdam transition.
Pye's book has cleared up a lot of this confusion. And he makes it clear why Antwerp's footprint is lighter in the historical record than one might expect. The town and all of its records were burned down. Later incarnations of the city, like the Baroque 1600s version of Rubens, are flashier and better recorded. As Pye makes clear, the "Golden Age" of the 1500s was always rather tenuous, and less conscious of itself as a religious and national project than the Amsterdam (Dutch) Golden Age of the 1600s. I feel a bit silly writing this, it seems obvious in restrospect, but Antwerp was never independent the way Amsterdam was as the (de facto) capital of a world power. Even with all their riches, Antwerp's merchants were reliant on outside powers, both imperial and mercantile. It almost feels like Antwerp was a rough draft for the glories of Amsterdam and the Dutch Republic.
A place with an already nebulous status, with religiously hostile and much more nationally self-conscious successors, most of whose records have been burnt, is going to have difficulty leaving a distinct historical footprint. It's a testament to just how important Antwerp was that we are as aware of it as we are. Pye does valuable detective work here. His somewhat scattershot style actually serves the material well. Beyond a few sieges, and some quick changes of control in the last third of the century, there isn't a ton of Antwerp narrative to flesh out. The records Pye had to work with are mostly found in other cities, and letters from Antwerp correspondents that have survived. So he tells those stories, while artfully knitting it into a pleasing whole. For me, Pye has largely solved the mystery of Antwerp. He's successfully documented the negative space, and demonstrated why it's there. If Antwerp is a question that's been plaguing you, as well, I'd recommend this book.