Review of H. P. Lovecraft’s short story, From Beyond.
I actually like the craft of the story. Lovecraft uses foreshadowing to build to a crescendo for his ending. He wants to creep you out by dropping blood-soaked breadcrumbs that distract and compel you to keep going. The secret is the reason for the horror that was revealed, and how it was accomplished. Telling you early on that the host scientist Tillinghast was…
"It is not pleasant to see a stout man suddenly grown thin, and it is even worse when the baggy skin becomes yellowed or greyed, the eyes sunken, circled, and uncannily glowing, the forehead veined and corrugated, and the hands tremulous and twitching. And if added to this there be a repellent unkemptness; a wild disorder of dress, a bushiness of dark hair white at the roots, and an unchecked growth of pure white beard on a face once clean-shaven, the cumulative effect is quite shocking."
Lovecraft was intentional in this intentionally tight little story. Presumably, Lovecraft, in a reasonably quick fashion, wanted to pen something very short to send off to a publisher to earn some needed funds. Which is perhaps why Lovecraft didn’t drag it out. Perhaps he was told that it had to be a certain fixed number of words to be published, thus explaining why he did not build it out in a longer and more leisurely fashion.
Telling us early on the changes in Tillinghast was just a very overt breadcrumb to get us wondering what brought about those changes. Letting us know that the narrator was risking the same fate, perhaps if he too got seduced into staying too long and learning too much.
The setup of who Tillinghast was and offering hints as to why he slipped into that dreadful state that the narrator describes was classic Lovecraft. Those who seek knowledge will often succumb to dreadful secrets that we mere mortals, and mere little humans were not made to be able to accept.
"That Crawford Tillinghast should ever have studied science and philosophy was a mistake. These things should be left to the frigid and impersonal investigator, for they offer two equally tragic alternatives to the man of feeling and action; despair if he fail in his quest, and terrors unutterable and unimaginable if he succeed. Tillinghast had once been the prey of failure, solitary and melancholy; but now I knew, with nauseating fears of my own, that he was the prey of success."
Brilliant Lovecraft to tell us that to fail in this ‘quest’ into the darkness of knowledge would either lead to despair if we cannot wrest the secrets from that darkness or if we succeed, well that, according to Lovecraft, was the real horror. To learn what we should not bring on “terrors unutterable and unimaginable”. Ignorance is not only bliss it saves us from madness at best or death, most horrible at worst. Tillinghast was tormented by failure and just couldn’t leave it alone. He became, in a wonderfully telling turn of phrase: “prey to success.”
Lovecraft was amazingly insightful. He knew that science would take many years to realize that our conception and perception of reality is an interactive process. We do not passively experience the world around us, but we participate in that experience. Lovecraft brilliantly realized that through evolution, we were shaped to experience the world in very specific ways and that those senses were crafted in such a way as to carefully limit what we can perceive. All of the animal kingdom experiences a world directly different than ours due to how they evolved.
“What do we know,” he had said, “of the world and the universe about us? Our means of receiving impressions are absurdly few, and our notions of surrounding objects infinitely narrow. We see things only as we are constructed to see them, and can gain no idea of their absolute nature. With five feeble senses we pretend to comprehend the boundlessly complex cosmos, yet other beings with a wider, stronger, or different range of senses might not only see very differently the things we see, but might see and study whole worlds of matter, energy, and life which lie close at hand yet can never be detected with the senses we have."
For example, take Ed Young’s new book: An Immense World. Here is that book’s blurb, which may lack Lovecraft’s Cosmic Horror prose style but hints at the exact same thing as the prior quote.
The Earth teems with sights and textures, sounds and vibrations, smells and tastes, electric and magnetic fields. But every kind of animal, including humans, is enclosed within its own unique sensory bubble, perceiving but a tiny sliver of our immense world.
Tillinghast's machine only does, or so he thinks – as Lovecraft craftily only gives us a mere hint of its actual abilities, that machine “will generate waves acting on unrecognized sense-organs that exist in us as atrophied or rudimentary vestiges.” Lovecraft, in a brilliant easter egg of a joke, chooses the pineal gland to be the organ that, when stimulated by the device, can reveal what is beyond the ordinary. Clearly, choosing that very organ that Rene Descartes picked to explain how the mind and the body can interact.
Lovecraft, in another Easter egg, used Fredrick Nietzsche’s aphorism to be the key to Tillinghast’s machine’s true ability. “He who fights with monsters should see to it that he himself does not become a monster. And if you gaze long into an abyss, the abyss also gazes into you.” Beyond Good and Evil, Aphorism 146.
The abyss that lies beyond us all can, with the aid of science, crawl up and join us. So, this tightly written cautionary tale from Lovecraft tries to teach us that we need to stay within our sandbox and not venture out of it. For if we do, then terrors unutterable and unimaginable, which are always there outside of our small ordinary sensory range, will come out from beyond.