This seems to be a very comprehensive guide to what is promised in the title. I haven't read it from cover to cover but I've read the sections that most interested me and it all seems to be pretty sensible stuff. Is it science based? Well I'm not sure. I am always suspicious of citations of a single science based study because it's nearly always possible to find another study showing the opposite effect or nil effect....and very few people are really able to interpret the statistics correctly. Also, there is a placebo effect with virtually every sort of intervention which should be taken into account. Be that as it may, there are a range of exercises recommended that look sensible and reasonable to me for knee and shoulder pains and for hamstring injuries. (Which are the sections that I focussed on). Almost half the book is given over to detailed training programs and mastering the movements. But I'm not sure that I'm disciplined enough to tackle this level of formality.
Here are some extracts from the book that give a bit of the "flavour" of the contents:
Book Extracts: Built from Broken: A science based guide to healing painful joints
Hogan, Scott H
Chapter 1: A Case for Load Training
People age 65 or older [were tracked] over the course of 15 years. Researchers found that those who lifted weights had a 46% lower death rate......Resistance training has even been shown to reduce age-related cognitive decline, slowing down neurodegeneration in people at risk of developing Alzheimer’s.
A study published in Frontiers in Physiology demonstrated that previously untrained seniors can build muscle and strength comparable to masters athletes who have been training for decades.
Joint degeneration (often without symptoms) reaches a tipping point in your mid-30s. In your 40s and 50s, the risk of connective tissue injuries (like Achilles tendon ruptures) peaks as decreased load tolerance combines with continued high activity levels. The path of least resistance (and the one typically recommended by conventional medicine) is to stop doing the things that hurt—avoid uncomfortable movements and find easier forms of exercise. As I hope you are starting to see, that’s the exact opposite of what you should do.
Most fitness enthusiasts are riddled with joint dysfunction but soldier on anyway......Another problem with bodybuilding programming is the obsessive focus on splitting up all the muscles of the upper body, dedicating an entire training day to each, while neglecting the biggest muscles in the body: the legs.
One of the most damaging bits of dogma in the fitness world is that you must continuously increase the amount of weight you can squat, deadlift, and bench press.....Your connective tissue and central nervous system need recovery periods to prevent breakdown. Demanding that your body add 5 to 10 pounds to each lift every week doesn’t make sense.
Connective tissue goes through a degradation and regeneration cycle after training, just as muscles do. As cells are damaged and repaired, connective tissue strength increases. But when this process is interrupted before full regeneration is complete, a net accumulation of damage adds up, leading to collagen base degradation.
Here are a few undervalued benefits of prioritizing corrective exercise over everything else:
• It’s the best way to prevent pain and injuries.
• It’s more mentally stimulating and challenging than a typical “cardio” session or weight training workout.
• It produces an intense systemic metabolic response.
• It produces greater improvements in total body strength, mobility, and pain-free movement capabilities than any other training style.
• It’s more fun.
At any given time, about one third of adults in the U.S. are experiencing joint pain or stiffness. That number is growing all the time. A study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine revealed that the prevalence of knee pain increased by 65% over a 20-year period from 1974 to 1994.
Poor posture is the number one non-disease cause of joint pain. Despite your best efforts to sit perfectly straight at your desk during the day, your body falls back into bad habits when lifting weights at the gym. Improving dynamic posture requires retraining the neuromuscular systems that control postural muscles. Your nervous system has been recording and perfecting your movement habits, for better or for worse, since you were born. Altering these lifelong habits is no easy task.
Movement quality describes how effective you are at performing specific exercises and motions. If you exercise with heavy loads and poor movement quality, you are more likely to hurt yourself.
Your upper back muscles should be trained using high repetitions from multiple angles, so they are never your weak link when performing upper body movements.
A study commissioned by the National Federation of State High School Associations showed that single-sport athletes are 70% more likely to suffer an injury than are multisport athletes.
Why? Because they are at greater risk of suffering repetitive use injuries: elbow pain from throwing a baseball year-round, shoulder injuries from extended swimming seasons, and stress fractures to shins and knees from nonstop soccer.
One of the most pervasive myths about muscle imbalances is that you can fix them by stretching. But the research on stretching is not flattering. A 2011 metastudy (study of studies) revealed that stretching has “no significant effect.”....Most tendinopathy cases stem from overuse, while others are caused by a combination of traumatic injury and stressful, repetitive motion......Treatments aimed solely at blocking inflammation are not the solution to resolving your joint pain.
Arthritis is the leading cause of joint pain and disability in the United States, affecting 23% of adults—more than 54 million people. It is a disease characterized by inflammation and degeneration of the joints.
Experts from Arthritis.org and the Centers for Disease Control agree that staying active is the most important thing you can do to manage symptoms. Anyone with arthritis will tell you, there are good days and bad days. The good days are opportunities to build strength, maintain flexibility, and use your body to its fullest....Overweight women are four times more likely to develop OA than those with healthy weights. Overweight men are five times more likely to develop OA.
Each additional pound of body weight adds about 4 pounds of additional pressure on your knees. Only 10 pounds of excess weight puts an additional 40 pounds of pressure on your knees.
Chapter 8: Preventing the Big Three
It isn’t the mountain ahead that wears you out—it’s the grain of sand in your shoe.
Notice how the primary function alternates between stability and mobility as you move up the chain: Feet: stability Ankles: mobility Knees: stability Hips: mobility Lumbar spine (low back): stability Thoracic spine (upper back): mobility Scapulothoracic (scapula): stability Glenohumeral (shoulder): mobility
“Back pain” had more search volume than all the other body parts combined.
The glutes are (or should be) the prime moving muscles for hip-dominant movements like bending and squatting. They provide joint stability not just for your low back but also your knees and lower legs.
You already know how I feel about walking. Even 10–20 minutes per day improves lumbar function, decreases dependence on pain killers, increases spinal muscle blood flow, and reduces low back pain (by up to 27%).
Using eccentric-focused hamstring exercises provides a “cumulative protective effect” against muscle damage and injury. With training, you can shift your hamstring muscles’ length-tension curve so that peak muscle force is generated at progressively longer muscle lengths.
The most functional exercise for targeting end-range hamstring strength is the supine Swiss Ball Leg Curl.
A 2015 study published in the Journal of Athletic Training demonstrated that knee rehabilitation programs focused on hip function reduced knee pain levels faster than those focused on knee function alone.
No conversation about hip mobility would be complete without discussing the World’s Greatest Stretch. It mobilizes and challenges the muscles surrounding your hips on all sides. In my opinion, there is no greater movement for opening up your hips.
So what's my overall take on the book. I liked it. And I'll be referring to it from time to time as I age and bits of me start to need additional attention. (So far so good!). Five stars from me.