This book depicts the day-to-day of a researcher, who works endlessly to pursue her curiosity (from applying to research grants, being frugal and creative with the experiments, going on strenuous journey to hunt for plants). It touches on multiple issues not only the complexity of navigating a career in academics, hiring, using a non-typical science approaches (“creep outside the dogmatic box of what Western science should be”), but also disability, implicit bias, family, and sexism. The only thing I wish the book provides more of is the impact of her research. She didn’t share the effectiveness of the traditional remedy, is it a myth or fact — maybe we have to read her scientific papers to find out. It also didn’t seem like the plants or her research were made into actual medicine on the shelf. It’s great to reading about the process and her journey but I’m missing the so what.
Of the estimated 374,000 species of plants on earth, records exist for the medicinal use of at least 33,443. Out of 9% of plants of which documented pharmacopoeia exists, <5% of these have ever even entered a lab.
Current reductionist scientific paradigms, many scientists focus exclusively either on man-made compounds or on the “quick fix” of simply making structural modifications to existing drugs.
The West prioritizes a single compound or a single biological target, which means that studying the complexity of network pharmacology inherent in plants is often dismissed
Ethnobotany is the scientific study of how humankind interacts with the environment in the procurement and transformation of plant materials into food, building materials, tools, and medicine.
Poison vs medicine: dose and intent.
Bioprospecting is the search for natural resources from which commercially valuable materials can be obtained,
Biopiracy exploits these resources for profit and without the authorization of or compensation to the Indigenous people themselves.
Characteristics of plants anatomy:
stipule, corolla, trichome, style. Leaves were arranged in a compound, opposite, whorled, or alternate fashion. Their shapes were deltoid, acerose, linear, flabellate, lyrate, falcate, ovate. Venation patterns. The textures of various parts could be glabrous, hirsute, pubescent, viscid.
What is a weed but a successful plant?
pharmacognosy = the scientific study of medicinal drugs obtained from plants or other natural sources
bacterial quorum sensing = how bacteria talk to one another and coordinate themselves.
Het Amboinsche Kruidboek (The Ambonese Herbal)
M&M’s: mentors and money. Obsolescence is the nectar of mentorship.
Hot spot = the region must have at least 1,500 endemic species of plants found nowhere else on earth and to have lost at least 70% of its native vegetation (often due to human development).
44% of all plants on earth are confined to these hot spots, comprising just 2.3% of earth’s land surface.
For these traditional knowledge research to be successful, you need to collaborate with scientists from the host countries and contribute to building research capacity (encompassing both infrastructure and training support) in the country through investing in student exchanges and training opportunities, joint grants, and publications.
Each collection required careful documentation of the plant’s characteristics, habit (herb, shrub, or tree), and habitat (what the landscape looked like) to accompany the herbarium voucher collections.
multidrug-resistant ESKAPE pathogens—Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species.
I was taught to strive not because there were any guarantees of success but because the act of striving is in itself the only way to keep faith with life. (RIP) Madeleine Albright, Madam Secretary, 2003
ethnozymology to describe this domain of traditional ecological knowledge
US has 200 BSL-3 labs