Erdoğan

by Can Dündar, Mohamed Anwar (Illustrator)

يعرض الصحفي التركي جان دوندار قصَّة صعود رجُلٍ إلى السُّلطة، رجل لا يتورَّع عن استخدام أي وسيلة لبلوغ هدفه، والغاية عنده تُبرِّر دائمًا الوسيلة. "الكتاب رواية مُصوَّرة صدَرَت العام الماضي، المؤلِّف هو الصحفي التركي جان دوندار، الذي كان رئيسَ تحرير أقدم صحف تركيا وأكثرها شُهرَة، صحيفة "جمهورييت"، والرسومات الجميلة للفنان المصري السوداني محمد أنور".

Genres: Graphic Novels, Nonfiction, Comics, History, Bande Dessinée, Biography, Politics

368 pages, Paperback

First published November 5, 2021

About the author

Araştırmacı, gazeteci ve belgesel yapımcısı.

Lise öğrenimini Ankara Atatürk Lisesi'nde gerçekleştirdi. 1982 yılında Ankara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Basın Yayın Yüksek Okulu'ndan mezun oldu. 1979'dan itibaren sırasıyla Yankı, Hürriyet, Nokta, Haftaya Bakış, Söz ve Tempo'da çalıştı. 1986'da İngiltere'de London School of Journalism'i bitirdi. Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Siyaset Bilimi ve Kamu Yönetimi bölümünde siyaset bilimi dalında yüksek lisansını 1988'de, aynı bölümünde doktorasını 1996'da tamamladı. Televizyona 1988'de TRT'de Seynan Levent ile başladı. 1989'da 32. Gün'de çalışmaya başladı.

Köşe yazarlığı 1994'te Aktüel'de başladı. Aynı yıl günlük köşe yazıları yazmaya başladığı Yeni Yüzyıl gazetesinde beş yıl çalıştı. 1999 Ocak'ından 2000 Aralık sonuna kadar Sabah gazetesinde köşe yazarlığı yaptı. 2001 Ocak ayında Milliyet gazetesinde, ADA başlıklı köşe yazılarına başlayan Dündar, bir yandan da NTV televizyonunda Canlı Gaste isimli programı sunuyordu.

Kanalın hükümete yakınlaşma çabası yüzünden muhalif gazetecilerin görevlerine son vermeye başlaması ile Can Dündar NTV'den kovuldu.

Bir süre sonra Artı 1 TV'de program yapmaya başlayan Can Dündar kanal patronunun haberlerine karıştığı gerekçesi ile ekibiyle birlikte istifa etti.

Gezi Eylemleri sürecinde hükümet karşıtı söylemleri yüzünden 1 Ağustos 2013 günü Milliyet gazetesinden de kovulan Can Dündar, kısa bir süre BirGün gazetesinde yazdıysa da Cumhuriyet gazetesi ile anlaştı ve yazılarına Cumhuriyet'te devam etmektedir.

Reviews

[Norman Weiss · Rating 4 out of 5]

Das Buch erzählt die Geschichte eines Aufstiegs, der einem eigentlich Respekt abnötigen müßte. Denn ein kleiner Junge aus ärmlichen Verhältnissen überwindet durch Zähigkeit und Zielstrebigkeit soziale Barrieren und Perspektivlosigkeit sowie eine Reihe von Rückschlägen, um schließlich einer Mehrheit seines Volkes Hoffnung auf bessere Zustände zu vermitteln.

Nur ist dieser Mann vor allem an der Macht interessiert und daran, sie unbeschränkt auszuüben, um Staat und Gesellschaft nach seinen Vorstellungen zu formen. Dündar und Anwar schildern die persönliche und politische Entwicklung von Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, der sich auch von unüberwindlich erscheinenden Hindernissen nicht aufhalten läßt, der andere täuscht und für sich einspannt, der skrupellos Unterstützung annimmt um zahllose Skandale zu vertuschen, aber gleichzeitig seine religiösen Überzeugungen wie eine Monstranz vor sich herträgt.

[Beyza · Rating 4 out of 5]

Türkiye'deki ve dünyadaki siyasi iklimin eşliğinde, Erdoğan'ın siyasi hayatını başından itibaren anlatan bu çizgiroman, kendi bireysel yaşamları Türkiye siyasetinden etkilenmeyen kişiler için ilgi çekici ve kolay okunur bir kaynak olabilir ama tüm bu siyasi gelişmelerden olumsuz etkilenen kişiler için bu kitabı okumanın zorlayıcı bir tarafının olduğunu düşünüyorum. Bizi bugünlere getiren yolun taşları nasıl el birliğiyle dizilmiş, açıkça görebiliyorsunuz... Geçmiş döneme dair bilmediğim birçok ayrıntıyı da öğrendiğim bu kitap, bugün siyasette adılan adımları daha iyi anlamamıza da yardımcı oluyor.

[Rod Brown · Rating 3 out of 5]

An engaging and educational look at the rise to power of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan from middling soccer player in the 1960s to a conservative party leader in 2000 on the verge of becoming the president of Turkey.

The book highlights Erdoğan's Islamic fundamentalism, ruthless ambition, and temper as it lays the foundation for explaining the authoritarian nature of his rule in Turkey over the past two decades. I'd certainly like to see a follow-up book that brings us up to the present day.


FOR REFERENCE:

Contents: Preface -- 1954-1968. Wounded: Between the Mosque and the Football Field -- 1968-1976. The Seed: First Step in Politics -- 1977-1979. Fate: A Dream Comes True -- 1979-1989. Deception: Faith . . . Patience . . . Jihad -- 1991-1993. Discord: "To grow up is to kill one's father." -- 1994. Bismallah: It All Began with a Ring -- 1994-1997. The Islamist: "For us, democracy is a means, not an end." -- 1998. The Accident: "If you go too fast, the car will overturn." -- 1998. Cocoon: Weaving the Future -- 2000. The Summit: Time to Take the Stage -- About the Making of This Book -- Acknowledgments

[Harish Namboothiri · Rating 4 out of 5]

The book is more of a historical textbook with great artwork that teaches us things but refrains from discussing anything gratifying to the reader in any way.

A full review is posted here

[Meau L’eau · Rating 5 out of 5]

Erdogan, the book is a stunning mastrerpiece of art. The first ever visual novel of my adult life, this one had me stunned for large parts of the reading experience. The turkish president is a mystery to many (me included) and this work allowed me to see him in a different light. I knew, for instance that faith was important to him, just not HOW important. I knew that he became powerful by a few lucky turns of events, just not HOW lucky and unlikely.

Lastly, having just returned from a trip to the region, these pictures brought me all the way back to the bustling bosporus, the quiet fields of central turkey and so many other scenes that were vivdly depicted in this novel. Can Dündar having the history of being a dissident himself puts the icing on the cake for this. I purchased the book in a small bookshop in Berlin, where he is said to live as well now. I wish him the best of luck in life and hope his book sells well - both is deserved 100%.

[Christopher Green · Rating 4 out of 5]

This a great graphic novel - not just for people interested in Turkish policitics, but also for people interested in political power. The novel really focuses in on how Erdogen, despite numerous setbacks, obtained power and positioned himself to be (in the authors opinion) an autocrat. Its a fascinating story of tenacity and shrewd decison making. The authors really make an effort to tell Erdogen's story honestly and, in my opinion, show he as much a product of his environment as he is his own man.

Also, the drawings are excellent! The authors avoid the temptation to tell the story through too much dialog and utilize the medium of the graphic novel aptly.

[Omnia Helmy · Rating 5 out of 5]

تحقيق صحفي ممتاز علي هيئة قصة مصورة.

[Pınar Tınaztepe Kaya · Rating 5 out of 5]

Günümüzde birçok kişinin aksine ben, Can Dündar'ı çok severim. Kitaplarını da severek okurum. Malûm nedenler ötürü Almanya'da, sürgünde kendisi. Kendi insanımız kıymetini bilmese de Almanya'daki insanlar, onun ne kadar değerli bir insan olduğunun farkındalar. Kendisi, yeni bir yayınevi kurdu Almanya'da. İsmi de "Özgürüz Press" ve bu yayınevine ait ilk kitap da budur. Can Dündar'ın kaleminden çıkan bu kitap, bildiklerimizle birlikte, bilmediklerimizi de bir çizgi roman tadında anlatıyor. Doğumundan iktidara gelene kadarki dönemi anlatıyor. Bir günde hemen bitti kitap... İnsan, ister istemez sinirleniyor okurken; ama tarihe geçecek bir işe imza atılmış bu kitapla. Bu kitabın devamının gelecek olmasını da kitabın ilk sayfalarında Can Dündar, okuyucuya bildiriyor. Ben, çok sevdim ve herkese de tavsiye ederim.

[نوري · Rating 3 out of 5]

هذه السيرة مرسومة عن أحد أهم الشخصيات وأكثرها إثارة للجدل، يرسم لنا الكاتب حياة إدروغان منذ الميلاد وحتى بداية الألفية الجديدة، ذلك الشاب الفقير الذي نشأ محبًا للإسلام وكرة القدم، ما هي التحولات الخطيرة التي شكلت وعي ذلك الرجل الذي غير شكل تركيا من دولة يحكمها الجيش عن طريق إنقلابات عسكرية متعاقبة إلى دولة صاعدة، طبعا إردوغان هو شخص لديه الكثير من العيوب فهو ليس من زمرة الملائكة أو أحد الصحابة، قبل قراءتي للكوميك أخذت بالحسبان أن الكاتب معارض لسياسات إردوغان وهو ما يستوجب قراءة أخرى لحياة تلك الشخصية، ولكن سؤال هامشي: هل أثنى الكاتب على إردوغان من حيث أراد أن يعيب عليه؟

*الرسم الذي قام به أنور رائع جدا وعمل يستحق الثناء

[مصطفي سليمان · Rating 4 out of 5]

مع رسوم مميزة للرسام أنور نري جوانب كثيرة لشخصية مثيرة للجدل وهو إردوجان قصص خفية منذ نشائته وحتي وصوله للكرسي
هو اقرب لكتاب توثيقي درامي عن تأثير الحياة السياسية في تركيا وكيفية الوصول للكرسي ومحاولات التغيير المستمرة
الاخراج الفني والرسوم هي أكثر عامل جذب في الكتاب الحقيقية، وجهة نظر تستحق النظر عليها

[Kemal Ogün Işık · Rating 4 out of 5]

Türkiye’nin günümüzde geldiği duruma hangi süreçlerden geçerek geldiğini gösteren güzel bir çizgi roman. Bize çoğunu bildiğimiz olayları tekrar hatırlatıyor ve bizi tekrar tekrar üzüyor.

[Jurij Fedorov · Rating 5 out of 5]

I'm rating it 5 stars, but it frankly stops way too early. Before he even becomes leader of the country first time around. Which is very early in his career. Instead the book just constantly refers to future events as it knows it will stop early. Many events or statements are followed with "and he did this when he became the leader of the nation." It makes it feel like they never really dared to tackle his controversial leadership of the nation. Both have fled prosecution and live in Germany. But Erdogan has prosecuted people in Germany and told the German government to imprison artists who make fun of him in any way. He hates comedians or comic book artists who use him for their humor. And today it's illegal to criticize him in Turkey. Or if you ever plan to visit Turkey.

I would have loved this to show some of his current regime as that's the important part. And maybe part 3 could get into that hopefully finished by the time he leaves power. Maybe even next year? He definitely as unpopular as it gets right now. So it would be incredibly hard to win the reelection.

The book is an overview of his violent dad and the beatings he got. The forced religious upbringing. Professional football career, him building an illegal house in Istanbul, various secular military coups in Turkey, Erdogan going to jail for protesting pro Sharia and then going to prison for 4 months for quoting an Islamic poem. We go over his start in politics and marriage. And then how an older Sharia politician took Erdogan in an molded him into a politician. Erdogan then lied about being sorta secular and got women to help him out getting votes. Prior to that he didn't even shake hands with women, but his lust for power made him sell out right away. This caused his party to initially dislike him. But as his methods worked they fell in line and accepted the women, somewhat.

We read about how his son drove into an older woman killing her. And Erdogan squashed his prison sentence. As Erdogan was bared from politics for being a radical Islamist, he also needed connections to be allowed to run again. And all his corruption and theft charges as Istanbul mayor were also thrown out from courts by judges. We see how USA and Fethullah Gülen supported him. Yet the fight with Gülen is not shown. They are eager to show us Ergodan meeting with Jewish lobby groups in USA. Yet again this is shown to tell us he wasn't anti-Zionist back then. But they forget to explain that all this was fake just to get elected. So reading this book you may misunderstand who he is as not all these events are explained. They are there to show readers who already know him something curious - that he did stuff opposite to his beliefs. This is exactly why stuff post 2000 needs to be shown so that we can recall prior panels and then understand how much he was actually lying to the world. At least in Turkey this stuff likely cannot be talked about, but Germany can publish it.

[Antoine JEAN · Rating 4 out of 5]

Très intéressant : la vie d'Erdoğan et son parcours, dans un contexte d'instabilité permanente, de coups d'états, de corruption, de guerres... Souvent à la limite de s'imposer, souvent exclu alors qu'il pensait avoir gagné une élection : écarté par son parti, condamné, arrêté, il trouve toujours moyen de revenir sur le devant de la scène

Enfance : pauvre, père violent, livré à lui-même, trouve refuge dans la religion et rejoint une secte bannie

Jeunesse : S'impose (déjà par la violence / corruption) à la tête des jeunes de son parti islamiste radical (très conservateur, pro-sharia, refuse de parler aux femmes, ...).

Avec les années, montre une motivation impressionnante et une bonne capacité à organiser son parti. Finit par comprendre qu'il doit montrer un visage + moderne et se pose en "réformateur" : autorise la participation de femmes (y compris non voilées) à son parti, se dit pro démocratie, etc.
Son ambition le rend gênant et il est écarté par son parti au lendemain d'un premier succès électoral

Sur trame de fond de luttes internes sourdes entre traditionalistes et réformateurs, il finit par être élu maire d'Istanbul (1994). Grâce à l'incapacité de s'entendre des partis centristes, son parti réussit même à s'imposer et son leader Erbakan (idole et mentor politique, puis rival) devient premier ministre (1996). Mais voulant imposer trop brutalement une dictature islamiste, il est écarté par un coup d'état militaire.
Suite à un discours trop ouvertement religieux voire djihadiste, Erdoğan est emprisonné par le régime militaire pour plusieurs mois (1998-1999). Il en profite pour se poser en victime, s'appuie sur sa popularité pour rendre son séjour confortable et s'en sert pour construire un plan pr parvenir au pouvoir.
Sort de prison et exécute son plan pour obtenir dans l'ordre tous les soutiens nécessaires : le peuple, le capital, les sectes religieuses, l'expatrié aux US qui contrôle un réseau énorme en Turquie (Gülen), le parti d'Erbakan, les US, l'armée.
Se posant en démocrate musulman modéré, il profite des échecs des autres partis pour obtenir tous ses appuis et, à la tête de son parti, est enfin élu président aux élections de 2000.
Ses actions depuis montrent que ce visage n'est qu'une façade derrière laquelle il conserve les mêmes idées islamistes que depuis ses débuts.



Sur son chemin, de nombreuses fraudes (électorales ou légales), corruption, violences, abus d'autorité et chantages (par ex en faisant disparaître toutes les preuves puis acquitter son fils qui avait écrasé qqn en voiture), clientélisme en distribuant des postes à tous ceux qui l'ont aidé à parvenir au pouvoir...

[Alessandro Fasanaro · Rating 3 out of 5]

É una delle personalità più controverse della recente storia d’Europa, l’uomo che domina ormai da decenni la vita politica della Turchia, trascinatore di questa prima nella UE e in seguito autore di politiche considerate avverse alla secolarizzazione e alla democrazia. Spesso sulla bocca di tutti per le sue uscite feroci contro gli oppositori politici e le nazioni non in linea con la sua condotta. Assai divisivo anche in patria: per gli uni un leader vero e forte, per gli altri un piccolo dittatore. Per tutti, una sorta di nuovo sultano. Questa è la sua storia.

A raccontarla in questa graphic novel è Can DÜNDAR (c. 1961), giornalista turco di stanza in Germania, dove di fatto è fuggito nel 2016 per motivi politici: nel 2015 veniva arrestato in patria per aver pubblicato filmati su collusioni dei servizi turchi con i combattenti islamici in Siria e nel 2020 condannato a 27 anni di carcere per presunta collaborazione con un “gruppo terroristico e di spionaggio”. L’opera rappresenta la prima pubblicazione della casa editrice da lui fondata, la Özgürüz Press (Noi siamo liberi), con l’intento di ospitare autori perseguitati nei loro paesi di origine.

Sarebbe stato facile comporre un’opera polemica e unidirezionale nei confronti di Recep Tayyip ERDOGAN (c. 1954), ma è qui che questa biografia sorprende: non si esalta certo, né si demonizza, piuttosto si cerca di capire le ragioni anche psicologiche oltreché politiche di un’ascesa non così sorprendente se ne si conosce il contesto. Di fatto, come afferma l’autore, comprendere la vicenda umana e politica di Erdogan permette di fare luce anche su uno spaccato importante della storia dell’Islam politico dal secondo dopoguerra a oggi.

Illustrazioni dell’egiziano-sudanese Mohamed ANWAR: anche per lui vita da esule, dopo l’arresto nel 2019 nel suo paese. Titolo facile da snobbare senza merito.

“Faremo incontrare scrittori di ogni luogo del mondo presi di mira da despoti, imprigionati, esiliati, uccisi e i loro libri vietati, sequestrati, bruciati, con i lettori. Garantiremo la reperibilità di libri in diverse lingue, in formato cartaceo e digitale. Così sosterremo gli scrittori sotto oppressione. Cercheremo di far arrivare in ogni angolo del mondo libri che si sono voluti cancellare dalla faccia della terra, in modo che gli autocrati si accorgano della forza incancellabile della scrittura, e capiscano che il divieto renderà leggibile un’altra opera”

[Stoffia · Rating 4 out of 5]

Une biographie en roman graphique sur le vie de Erdogan, président Turc. L'auteur est un grand journaliste turc exilé en Allemagne parce que sa vie est menacée par le régime Erdogan.

Le livre couvre la vie de Erdogan de sa naissance jusqu'à son ascension au pouvoir. C'est très bien mais je crois qu'il aurait été plus pertinent de continuer au delà de ce point pour voir les dommage qu'il a causé à la démocratie et la laïcité turque.

On y voit un stratège manipulateur, menteur, prêt à tout pour prendre le pouvoir. Ne connaissant pas tellement le politique turque, je n'ai pas pu m'empêcher de trouver que les tactiques de Erdogan des années 90 d'une exactement les mêmes que les tactiques du Parti Républicain Américain des dernières années.

Vouloir censurer les opinions contraires. Puis, si on nous critique sur ce point, se présenter en chevalier de la liberté d'expression en disant que l'on veut vous faire taire.

Déshumaniser les gens qui ne partagent pas notre foi, promettre de réglementer leur vie. Puis, si on est attaqué sur ce point, dire que l'on bafoue notre liberté religieuse.

Présenter les gens qui veulent améliorer la société comme des élites corrompues et déconnecté, malgré sa propre richesse et son propre pouvoir.

Jouer des médias en dénonçant leurs biais à chaque critique, et les voir tomber dans le panneau de ne plus oser critiquer au nom de l'impartialité.

Etc.

C'est plutôt effrayant, pour être honnête.

[Sinan Yuce · Rating 5 out of 5]

su adami aptal yerine koymayi bir birakin dedigim kisi.

can dundarin hazirladigi harika bir cizgi roman kitabi var. turkiyede dagitilmasi engelleniyor diye pdf olarak paylasmis: https://ozguruz-press.org/erdogan-bio...
yine can dundar ince elemis, sik dokumus, butun gercekleri tek tek ortaya dokmus.

1 saat gibi kisa surede bitirebildiginiz bu kitabi okuyunca tayyipin cok zeki bir adam oldugunu anliyorsunuz. ama kotucul zeka.

modern bir egitim surecinde gecip erdemli bir vatandasa donecek bir kisi yerine kafasina koydugu hedef ugruna hemen her turlu firsati degerlendirmesini bilen her turlu davayi, arkadasi, prensibi ezip gecen oportunistligin kitabini yazmis bir adam iste.

diyorum ya kotucul bir zeka.

[Grégoire Maillard · Rating 4 out of 5]

as far as a biographic graphic novel can go, this one is amazing; more than documenting and reporting erdogan’s early ages and rise, the AKP’s creation and the growth of political Islam as a whole, this books is also a condensed version of Turkey’s history (50’s-early 2000’s); I think this is the diversity of the topics which mingles perfectly together that makes this book a great work of journalism when it comes to understanding everything as a whole; in terms of style I wasn’t too big of a fan of the style of drawing but it fit the topic very well and I wouldn’t have much to criticize; this is the best biography I have read since a long time, and I’m in hope of a second book covering brighter days for the country!

[R. Reddebrek · Rating 3 out of 5]

Its a solid comic biography, but the ending is extremely abrupt, the narrative ends when Erdoğan becomes Prime Minister, which I guess fits the narrative device of a Sisyphus like figure climbing a mountain but for a critical examination of an autocrat it ends before we get to the meat of real story.

The Erdoğan presented in this book is conniving and hypocritical and does some very unethical deeds, but the worst actions and the ones that will have the most impact on Türkiye and the world are only alluded to when they ironicly mirror events from his past.

It feels like there was supposed to be an extra final volume to conclude things that never materialised.

[Mohammad ElShenawy · Rating 5 out of 5]

إيه العظمة دي..
حلو جداً..فاق كل توقعاتي بصراحة..
كنت متخيله هيكون كتاب ممل عشان عن السياسة وفي بلد تاني غير بلدي..بس طلع عكس كده خالص
بالعكس ده يا ريت يكون فيه كتب للسياسة بالصورة دي عشان تكون مبسطة ومسلية
والترجمة في منتهى السلاسة والوضوح
ويا ريت فعلاً يكون فيه جزء تاني لأن أنا شخصياً مهتم باللي حصل بعد كده..يعني الكتاب ده بيحكي قصة الصعود، لكن بعد الوصول للحكم والسلطة مازال فيه أحداث كتير ضروري إنها يتعمل لها تغطية زي حصار غزة وسفينة مرمرة والتقارب التركي الإسرائيلي والحرب على الإرهاب ومحاولة الانضمام للاتحاد الأوروبي والربيع العربي والحرب في سوريا ومحاولة الإنقلاب إلخ

[Marie · Rating 5 out of 5]

I love biographies and I have read a few in the graphic novel form. This is by far one of my favorite ones and I can't wait to read part II. I spent a month in Turkey in the mid 90s and I have wonderful memories of a beautiful country. The shift from democratic and secular states is troubling and the authors, both living in exile in Berlin, show great courage in the face of threats to their lives by publishing this book.

[Deniz Gorencan · Rating 5 out of 5]

Seçimin ertesi gün okuyup da zaten bozulmuş olan moralimi, geçmiş 30 yılı gözler önüne sererek çocukluk anılarımı depreştirmek suretiyle dibe vurduran eser…

Erdoğan’ın AK Parti’yle iktidara gelene kadarki siyasal yolculuğunu (%90’ını zaten bilmeme rağmen) resimleyen kitabın devamını (%100’ünü bilmeme rağmen) bekliyorum.

“Biz buraya nasıl geldik?” olaylar ve oyuncular bütününün resmi geçidi!

[Alec · Rating 3 out of 5]

This was an interesting read, but I was hoping for a bit more meat on the bones. It details Erdoğan's journey through politics but cuts off right before he achieves his endgame. It focused 100% on his campaigning and barely scratched his actual policy. Neverless, nothing but respect for the journalists brave enough to create this.

[Kevin Warman · Rating 4 out of 5]

Nicely done, Dündar and Anwar. Erdogan is an engaging and detailed graphic novel. I picked this one up with very little background knowledge of Turkey's despotic leader, and put it down with much learned.

[Bülent Yücel · Rating 5 out of 5]

Çizgi roman olarak anlatılması çok güzel olmuş, yoksa hayatımızı çalan bu adamın hayatını anlatan bu eser elimizde sadece yazı olarak olsaydı çok iç karartıcı olabilir di.

[Bulent · Rating 4 out of 5]

Liderler geçicidir, çizgiler kalıcı...

[Isil · Rating 5 out of 5]

Erdoğan’ın 2000 yılına kadar olan iktidar mücadelesini anlatıyor. Devamını dört gözle bekliyorum.

[Mirko Fanara · Rating 5 out of 5]

Bellissimo

[Emin · Rating 4 out of 5]

It’s a good summary of the events up to 2002. There are some questions left unanswered but still for a book to be read in 2-3 hours, it’s a success.

[Codepoetz · Rating 4 out of 5]

This comprehensive political biography of Turkey's controversial president leans both on official sources and on research gathered from the press.

[Taylor Ralph]

Majorly ambitious and incredibly dense. Appreciated what I learned but struggled thru the writing style.