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386 pages, Kindle Edition
First published January 1, 2021
Reality is knocking on many doors and the gunfire rewarding the most fervent devotees of the old regime is beginning to be heard. Treason continues to be the birthright of the army, and once again we have proof of the aphorism that the liquidation of the army is a fundamental principle of democracy (even if that aphorism doesn’t exist, I believe it to be true). […]--Interesting to note Che’s observations on Guatemala’s free speech and propaganda leading up to the coup [emphases added]:
[…] planes began to bomb the city. We were completely defenseless, without planes, antiaircraft guns, or shelters. There were some deaths, not many. But panic took hold, especially among the “brave and loyal army” of Guatemala. A US military mission met the president and threatened a bombing campaign that would reduce Guatemala to ruins, and then there was declaration of war from Nicaragua and Honduras, which the United States would have to join under the terms of its mutual-aid pacts. The military stood up and gave Árbenz an ultimatum.
Árbenz didn’t consider the fact that the city was full of reactionaries, and that the homes being destroyed would belong to them rather than the people, who have nothing and who were defending the government [a reminder to consider the class dimensions of protests and how they are covered by various media]. He didn’t consider that an armed people is invincible, despite the recent examples of Korea and Indochina. He could have armed the people, but he chose not to, and this is the result.
[…] there is no country as democratic as this one [Guatemala]; both extremes [of the political spectrum] and everyone in between say what they want without fear.--Such intense on-the-grounds recollections are interspersed with some delightful moments [bold emphases added]:
My personal viewpoint is that this will have to come to an end at some point, as United Fruit (a company that cultivates bananas but has piles of money) is able to spend a lot of cash on this type of propaganda. Each day, the opposition newspapers carry entire transcripts of speeches by democrats sent by the company or statements from the United States government, and the “stew” appears to be being concocted in conferences in Caracas, where the Yankees are pulling on all their strings to try to impose sanctions on Guatemala. It is true that all the governments have bowed before them […] the most fascist and anti-popular of the reactionary governments. Bolivia was an interesting country, but Guatemala is even more so because it has stood up to everyone, despite not having an ounce of economic independence and having had to endure armed insurrections of all types (President Arévalo had to overcome about forty of them), and without attacking freedom of expression in any way.
So I’ll now talk about la chamaca [the kid]. I am so happy with her; my communist soul is bursting with happiness because she looks just like Mao Tse Tung. You can already see the incipient receding hairline across the middle of her head, the kind-hearted eyes of a leader and a protuberant double chin. For now, she weighs less than the leader as she’s only 5 kilos, but give her time. She is far more spoilt than other children and eats like I used to eat, according to grandmother’s stories (her grandmother), sucking without breathing until the milk pours out her nose.
The people of the Revolution, beyond the different tactics that might exist at certain moments, are firmly united and no threat, no maliciousness, will be able to divide them in their struggle to achieve together the great goals of the Cuban people: Agrarian Reform, Tariff Reform, Fiscal Reform, which means the industrialization of the country and the resulting improvements in the people’s standard of living, national liberation and international dignity.--The final letter in this period is one dated March 1965 to Castro, shortly before Che left for the Congo; this letter deserves a book of its own with extensive contextual commentary as it’s difficult to follow along Che’s direct communication to Castro (diving into Marxist theory/application and Cuba’s application, with many leaps from point to point), so I can only provide highlights:
[…] all the big advances obtained in the science of war are immediately passed on as technologies of peace, and consumer goods take truly gigantic steps forward in terms of quality. In the Soviet Union, however, this does not happen; these are two discrete compartments and the military scientific developments have little application to peace.--As you can see, it’s difficult to even critique when so many leaps are made without detailed context. To conclude the socialist period of transition, Che doesn’t seem to provide alternative directions to transcend (a) market competition or (b) military-industrial complex (hardly an appealing socialist option!).
These errors, excusable in Soviet society, the first to initiate this experiment [with socialism], were transplanted to much more developed, and quite different, societies, leading them down a dead end and provoking reactions from those other states. [Emphases added]
How to get the workers to participate? This is a question I haven’t been able to answer. I consider this as my greatest stumbling block and my greatest failure, and it’s one of the things we need to think about because it’s bound up with the problem of the Party and the State, with the relationship between the Party and the State.--Secondly, Che returns once again to technology (“communist material milieu”). I’m always reminded of just how little space Global South decolonization have to experiment (where failures are crucial learning experiences), while the rulers of global capitalism (British Empire, US imperialism) can routinely crash (City of London, Wall Street) and recover thanks to imperialism’s privileges. Che of course recognizes this:
Imperialism has not succumbed thanks to its capacity to extract profits and resources from dependent countries and by exporting conflicts and contradictions to them, due to its alliance with its working class against the rest of the dependent countries.…For a dive, see: Capital and Imperialism: Theory, History, and the Present.