Winner, 2022 Nellie Bly Book Award, Chanticleer International Book Awards
More than a decade ago, counterterrorism expert Rita Katz began browsing white supremacist and neo-Nazi forums. The hateful rhetoric and constant threats of violence immediately reminded her of the jihadist militants she spent her days monitoring, but law enforcement and policy makers barely paid attention to the Far Right. Now, years of attacks committed by extremists radicalized online--including mass murders at a synagogue in Pittsburgh and mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand, as well as the Capitol siege--have brought home the danger. How has the internet shaped today's threats, and what do the online origins of these movements reveal about how to stop them?
In Saints and Soldiers, Katz reveals a new generation of terrorist movements that don't just use the internet, but exist almost entirely on it. She provides a vivid view from the trenches, spanning edgy video game chat groups to what ISIS and Far-Right mass-shooters in El Paso, Orlando and elsewhere unwittingly reveal between the lines of their manifestos. Katz shows how the online cultures of these movements--far more than their ideologies and leaders--create today's terrorists and shape how they commit "real world" violence. From ISIS to QAnon, Saints and Soldiers pinpoints the approaches needed for a new era in which arrests and military campaigns alone cannot stop these never-before-seen threats.
A shocking must-read that will take you to the depths of the far right extremism.
In 'Saints and Soldiers: Inside Internet-Age Terrorism, from Syria to the Capitol Siege,' Rita Katz lays the groundwork for fighting domestic terrorism as deadly as ISIS.
During her many years in the private Search International Terrorist Entities (SITE), Rita Katz, a co-founder and a terrorism analyst, has collected data on the external threats to America like ISIS and other like-minded organizations. The decision to explore far right movements opened up new frightening horizons. As it turned out, the explosive mix of nationalists, white supremacists, and neo-Nazis flooded the internet space, using the same techniques as well-known terrorist groups in recruiting and radicalizing new followers. The massacre in New Zealand in Christchurch, an attack on the synagogue in Poway, California, and the Capitol siege are the links in one chain, as the author shows, labeling the movement as terrorism and advising to fight it accordingly.
It's one of those books you can't put down, trembling in anticipation of new findings. The author deploys emotional appeal to instill a sense of urgency: snippets from her private life (with no names attached), questions, and passionate comments on her discoveries. On the one hand, the book would have lost a sufficient amount of its charm without the emotional component, dry facts becoming too dry to digest. On the other hand, some personal reflections felt out of place, especially in the final pages of the last chapter.
I see the book explode the very circles the author wrote about. Rita Katz once again draws a target on her back - and her actions are enormously bold.
I highly recommend ' Saints and Soldiers' to people searching for answers to why mass shootings have become a new norm. The book also provides a fresh, stunning look into the modern dangers of free speech and explains the slowness of governmental reaction.
I received an advance review copy through NetGalley, and I am leaving this review voluntarily.
When I received word that I had been granted a copy of “Saints and Soldiers”, I was immediately intrigued. Considering myself a fairly well-informed person regarding European politics and underground groups, including those who not only border to terrorism but should be emphatically called exactly that, thinking of such neo-fascist groups in the US I drew basically a blank space. Combining to gather basic knowledge about such structures with the topic of how the modern messengers, apps and boards may have changed the different processes in such groups raised my curiosity. Going into this book I had only one fear: often authors targeting such topics surrounding current technology and the shady use of it tend to demonize the tool instead of the user. Rita Katz did no such thing. Instead, she focused on first giving the reader a broad overview on different boards, entities, and groups, on attackers whose names are known to probably every single reader – but she also gives enough background information to construct a bigger picture than the individual, seemingly not connected attacks. For me, personally, knowing of most of the terrorist attacks, it felt like a web of interconnected acts of terror that link to each other, are inspired, and even triggered by each other, unravelling in front of me. Ms Katz also introduces the different means of communication with even more diverse user groups and intentions, as well as convictions, to deliver a rough overview over the whole topic. She then goes on to add a new layer in every progressing chapter: How Jihad works through a white supremacist lens, how a single post turned out to be the new battle cry for a completely different generation of far-right attackers (“Screw your optics”), the accelerationist motif, how extremist groups recruit and connect, which media they use and what memes have to do with it all. Furthermore, she shines a light on how a global pandemic changed the neo-fascist movements, making it murkier and even more obscure than before with the addition of QAnon-conspiracists and a PotUS who ultimately gave the go-ahead for the events that shocked not only a nation, but the whole world when the US Capitol was taken by the exact group of people that probably shared less values than they believed in on January 6. Ms Katz shows the reader all of this, the interconnections, the bizarreness in claiming attacks for the own cause, provoking attacks by the counterpart to strengthen the own support and recruiting new people and so much more, but she also highlights the incomprehensible double standard when it comes with dealing those two sides of terror: the shunning, exclusion and condemnation of any means of communication for groups associated with Jihad/Al-Quaeda/ISIS while letting the far-right terrorists roam freely, take on their planning and produce an outcry about free speech if their ability to outright coordinate terroristic acts in plain sight is impeded. The author highlights, offers insight and criticises, all the while underlining her claims with screenshots, memes and media taken directly from those she is talking about. This is a very vivid way to take the reader on this disturbing journey through parts of the Internet, where so much evil grows seemingly uninterrupted. In theory I would advise everyone to read this book, because in my opinion it is important to know about these things. In general I would say however anyone with a slight interest in how any of the attacks are linked, which role social media plays and what else there is to discover in terms of the extremists’ use of the Internet will find a heavily disturbing, but very intriguing and well-developed read in “Saints and Soldiers: Inside Internet-Age Terrorism, from Syria to the Capitol Siege.”
Thank you, Ms Katz, and Netgalley for the opportunity to read and review this book!
Saints and Soldiers is by far the scariest and most necessary book I have read in a very long time. It needs to be read by every person in America and perhaps the world.
Brilliant, brutal, and enlightening! “Saints and Soldiers” is written by the phenomenal Rita Katz. She sets out, in her own words, to “… offer a diagnosis: something to help governments, researchers, the tech sector, and the general public better understand the nature of internet-age terrorism so that they could better fight it.” and she achieves this and then some. Rita has written a book I couldn’t put down.
Rita’s life story perfectly places her to do the work she does and to write this book. no one can doubt her understanding and experience in the subject but her ability to write such engaging prose is impressive. The stories are brutal but considering the topic, it is quite understandable. she isn’t looking to shock but illustrate.
I gleaned both contextual understanding and technical know-how. Below are two insights that particularly resonated.
“I’ve learned in my counterterrorism work that where there is enough rhetorical upheaval, there will eventually be real-life action.”
“Saints and Soldiers by Rita Katz “Yet as the world’s fight against jihadi terrorists’ online infrastructures have shown, it was never so much any government making progress as it was the private sector. It took many nudges from government agencies and the general public, but social media and ICT companies eventually came together to build a massive digital wall between ISIS and the people they wish to recruit or intimidate. What the world got from all of this was a wealth of tested and proven strategies that we have sadly not seen fully adapted and implemented against far-right extremism. That the tech sector holds so much power in fighting far-right extremism should at this point be expected, because it speaks to the very nature of such actors. They are products of the environments that tech companies have built, thus making those very companies the best-equipped (and most responsible) to counter them.”
“Saints and Soldiers by Rita Katz This book is one that will remain in my mind for a long while. The author is one I will follow and look to read again. It’s a five out of five and highly recommended.
I received a complimentary copy of the book from Columbia University Press through NetGalley. Opinions expressed in this review are completely my own.
You go through life knowing how certain bad things are and you are alive to see some senseless, terrible things committed against humanity. Rita Katz has done such incredible work, so much work that I do not believe has received the acknowledgment her company Site Intelligence in trying to keep the world safe, in ringing and raising the alarm as best can be possibly done to find the root problem, and they have done it. Saints and Soldiers get to the root problem that the world (because it is a universal problem), has in their hands festering in the depths of forums and sites, with no repercussions long enough to amend some laws and some rights. Saints and Soldiers just prove, with facts and references, based on proper investigations how bad things really are, and how compromised humanity has become. It cements how bad things are, how hopeless it seems, and for there to be any sort of hope I would hope that Rita Katz does not give up the fight, that Site Intelligence continues to do the hard work, and that they can educate certain political members in the office about how to fund or pass bills that will protect us, because it feels like the only people that get protected are the ones that hide behind hostings, published posts, those who spread misinformation, who hide behind freedom of speech that itself attacks more and has rampant effects that go past that right. The information Rita Katz also provides in the book Saints and Soldiers would be very useful to the Jan. 6 Committee and I hope they have made arrangements to share this information. Everyone must read this book, not only in the U.S. this is a worldwide issue. With certain right-wing affiliations entering governments, other right-wing groups started chapters in countries outside of the U.S. Laws need to come into effect, yesterday, but something can still be done today. Rita Katz has shared the urgency with which we need to react. I hope everyone listens up!
I wanted to read this book because I am interested in the topic of radical movements flourishing in the Internet’s grey areas and was curious to learn more from an unquestionable expert in this field - but I was pleasantly surprised that it is not a dry academic study. The author combines case studies with her memories and reflections. It is fascinating to read how she dealt with particular crises in real time, learning horrifying details and trying to find what led to such tragic violence, as in a case of Pittsburgh synagogue shooting. She is also pointing out very interesting parallels between jihadist militants and far-right movements in US and Europe.
Trigger warning: there are very graphic descriptions of brutal violence and screenshots with examples of disgusting hate speech in the book, so if you don’t want to expose yourself, don’t read it. I have to admit that I stopped reading it before bedtime, to avoid nightmares…
Thanks to the publisher, Columbia University Press, and NetGalley for an advanced copy of this book.
This is one of my favorite topics and as someone who's studied/is studying data science and geopolitics (including terrorism) on an undergrad and graduate level, I read heavily on this topic because it's a direction I think I'd like to go in as an analyst. Of the many books on this subject that I've read, this is my favorite.
It's neither overly academic nor overly informal and the author doesn't inject overt political opinions into it. I'm a centrist in that my opinions span center left to center right and so I get really frustrated when people turn these books into opinion platforms, and Katz did not do that at all. It's fairly obvious she's somewhat to the left, which is fine, I am somewhat as well, but for example I recently read a book about far right acticism by a well known writer that ended in a long chapter about how awesome Marxism is and how only antifa can save us. It was childish, unacademic and not appropriate. I'm finishing another one right now that was supposed to be about how people use memes in political discourse and it's just a 300 page rant about the alt-right. So this book I was so glad to see really struck the perfect chord with political neutrality to the extent that it's possible, and also included enough personal detail/anecdotes to make me feel like I wasn't attending a university lecture. Not that I mind that either though.
The gripe I had with it is small and it always comes from books about this kind of thing by boomers (no offense to boomers but its an honest observation) where they don't really understand the social platforms even as they're active users in the context of work. Particularly Discord and Reddit get slandered. Discord is not specifically for video games (anymore), it's not "social media" and it's not a cesspool of far right atrocities. I belong to about 30 different Discord servers.. Most of them are about programming and data science, but also including, as a sample: several OSINT ones, four from my university specific to academics, a couple for time management apps I use, a huge ADHD support community, and one is for a Nintendo Switch game about managing a cat cafe. There are three political: two center left and one center right. So I resent the depiction in books like this of Discord as a cesspool; that's inaccurate and myopic. Also she misinterpreted some memes but whatever. So stuff like that bothered me but it wasn't a huge deal. I think though instead of the long segment at the end about pandemic disinformation it would have been more helpful to go further into some of the far right militia groups. A lot of that last chapter felt out of place even if it arrived there in a sort of logical way.
Back to positive things though. The thing I particularly loved about this book was how deftly she overlaid how ISIS functioned and how these far right groups function, and the sort of feedback loop between them. I found the ISIS stuff stomach-churning and upsetting to read (a former coworker of mine was friends with James Foley so they always hit a particularly raw nerve with me) but it's important to understand the similarities. I also really loved that she touched on other sort of adjacent online communities like incels and Q Anon.
I've read so many books on this subject in the last few years that usually I don't feel like I'm learning much but I learned a great deal from this book, and she's an engaging writer so it never feels dry or laborious. I was reading it maybe slightly rom a more academic angle but this would be just as good for someone who's just interested in learning more. I really can't recommend it enough.
The year 2022 has given us a wealth of resources with which to better understand the source and scope of these perilous times. Amongst the most important of them is Saints and Soldiers by Rita Katz. It's what I like to call a "receipts book", a paper-trail that well documents the mechanisms of this web of terrorism and extremism we find ourselves currently caught in. The most well read among us on the topic will have plenty to learn in reading this book. I highly recommend it for anyone interested in how internet has become such a valuable resource for terrorism in all it's forms.
If you can't handle the truth this book is not for you. If your caught up in all the social media conspiracy theories, this book is not for you. If you are concerned that not enough is being done to eliminate misinformation and internet terrorism, this is a definite read. The numerous footnotes are great. Well put together!
Katz runs a private intelligence gathering company that monitors online activity. She began by infiltrating sites used by jihadi terrorists but has since come to focus on far right terrorists. Katz convincingly argues for various similarities between the two types of terrorists and their recruitment methods. She also shows that strict implementation of laws and protocols were effective in curbing the jihadis but that there has been a reluctance to respond in the same way to the far right: in the latter case conservatives have waved around the First Amendment in ways that if they were consistent would have barred them from responding as they did to ISIS. Much of the rag bag of crap that flows through the far right has now gone mainstream and coordination online is what produced the January 6th siege of the Capitol. This book brings into glaring relief the ways in which the internet corrupts speech and encourages and unites those who might otherwise have simply festered in their basements. A sobering book that raises serious questions about how to deal with a dangerous far right that has reached its tentacles into mainstream politics.
Rita Katz runs SITE, which is a private consultant group that monitors online posts of Islamic and right-wing radicals and issues reports of violent threats, etc. The message of this book is that the majority of acts of domestic terrorism that were committed in the U.S. and Europe in the 21st century were performed by individuals who were recruited and radicalized by online forums such as 8chan and Telegram. To dramatically decrease the frequency of violent terrorism, the glorification of violent terrorism must be expunged from these online forums. This is not an issue of freedom of speech because violent threats are not, nor ever were, protected by the 1st Amendment.