Another winner from DK Books, this one takes as its subject the store of human knowledge accumulated over centuries of experimenting with matter. It starts with very crude but significant processes, like fermentation to create beer and yield various forms of noble rot. This isn’t always pretty, as anyone involved in creating compounds for perfume can tell you (google “Skatole” to see what I mean.) Such concoctions can also yield as many poisons as medicines, but, to paraphrase Paracelsus, the difference between medicine and poison is in the dose.
From there the book moves on to alchemy, the attempt to isolate substances, to find the elemental constituents of compounds, and to transmute one substance into another. It failed in its ultimate aim of finding a “philosopher’s stone” to turn base metals into gold, but is still properly understood as a protoscience rather than pseudoscience. It took great ingenuity to make any discovery in a time where oxygen’s role in the world wasn’t understood, before the “phlogiston” theory was finally put to rest.
Much great groundwork was lain for future research in this supposed dark age. Phosphorus was isolated and discovered to be a luminous mineral collected from urine an alchemist kept in the bottom of a barrel; crude “pile” batteries were constructed that eventually led to lithium batteries, which anyone who owns electronics will tell you still need some improvement; and electricity’s power and properties were studied, if not quite properly harnessed in Leyden jars. This is to say nothing of galvanic experiments that were used to gainsay or support arguments ranging from vitalism to Cartesian clockwork mechanics of man, and also gave us Mary Shelly’s immortal monster patchworked together from the parts of corpses.
At last we come to chemistry as most people properly understand it, the game of acids and basis, those substances which are alkaline or acidic according to the pH scale.
From there humanity continued to make strange and sometimes even dangerous discoveries about the latent energy hiding in the mass of various elements. This led to the discovery of nuclear and hydrogen power, which can be harnessed to yield incredible amounts of energy, for good and also not-so-good ends.
We’re still not done tampering, exploring, making life better but also more hazardous via our experiments with the very stuff of life. And the border between the magical and scientific remains as liminal and shifting as it was when Arthur C. Clarke made his famous comments all those decades ago.
The Chemistry Book is an everyman’s history accessible to the layman but probably also handy to the expert as a bit of a refresher on some of the names of science’s forgotten geniuses. For science not only contains byways and blind alleys, but characters who did most of the work while getting little or none of the credit. Nothing can quite correct those injustices, but they can at least be documented, which The Chemistry Book does when given the chance.
Illustrations and photographs are amply offered throughout, and the sturdy binding make this one an ideal coffee table book, or a good gift for a smart-but-absent-minded kid who might drop the book once or twice or leave it out in the elements all afternoon after exploring nature. Highest recommendation.