‘Translation and Gender. Translating in the ‘Era of Feminism” by Luise von Flotow is a noteworthy piece of writing concerning, as the title implies, the intersection of translating and gender studies. It evokes numerous issues determined by both of these disciplines and attempts to juxtapose and assess hitherto outcomes of their co-occurrence and mutual influence.
The first chapter describes historical background of feminism and the evolution of the concept of gender. It provides the reader with reasonable explanations why the need occurred to investigate the impact the language has on social roles and relations. Then, in a section called ‘Gender and the Practice of Translation’, the author goes on to explain the role of gender awareness in translation practice, the power it potentially bears to affect areas such as politics, culture, ethics as well as creating and challenging stereotypes. She presents several translating concepts of which the most intriguing is probably the interventionist stance. According to this theory the translator should claim the right to ‘correct’ the source text so that it reflects the translator’s (feminist) viewpoint (‘the truth’). Although Flotow does mark this standpoint as controversial, it is hard to miss her warm attitude towards ‘smuggling’ feminist ideas into the target text throughout the whole book. Subsequently, the reader is presented with a more valuable branch of the discussed discipline, viz. recovering some of the forgotten or, as Flotow suggests, deliberately ignored works produced by women in the past centuries. Irrespective of the militant tone in which the writer presents the reasons why they had been formerly rejected, it is most valuable to unearth and translate pieces of writing that might fulfill the gaps in the history of women’s thought.
Another chapter is devoted to revising different approaches to translation theory ranging from a trend to include metatexts (such as prefaces and footnotes in which the translator’s comments are presented) to the target text, to a stance justifying translator’s role as a reader’s educator. Interestingly enough, in this chapter Flotow critisises some of the functioning in the translation studies tropes and allegories, such as les belles infideles metaphor or the myth of Pandora, as being derogatory to women. How fragile the scholar’s confidence must be to make him/her perceive cultural heritage as threatening to his/her dignity the chapter does not discuss.
The next section treats of rereading and retranslating these works of women writers, as for which there is a suspicion that they ‘have been misinterpreted in ‘patriarchal translation’’. Again, despite belligerent wording, the author offers the reader interesting examples of women’s writings that have been distorted, ‘enriched’ or otherwise changed by a translator in order to make the translation fit his or her own convictions. Flotow observes the obvious need to rewrite such mistranslated feminist texts, but unfortunately fails to notice that what she calls “mistranslation” bears great resemblance to what she previously names “interventionist translation”. Apparently, the writer underestimated the power of perspective to change views and attitudes towards general rules.
In her book Flotow has also included a few words regarding criticism of feminist translation, not only coming from those who oppose the concept itself but also from within feminist circles. Most importantly, however, the author lists future perspectives and tasks for translation studies concerning the perception and role of gender in translating practice. One may contradict the answers given in her book, but the questions posed in it are undoubtedly valuable and thought provoking.
To conclude, Luise von Flotow’s text should be regarded as insightful as it is controversial. Although it is visible that the writer bases her theses on years of research and scholarly philosophical dispute, not many of her claims might be called objective. Nevertheless, it is worth reading mostly for it presents the striking power of translation to convey ideas almost unnoticeably. And for the realisation that translation should be used as a means of pursuing informative or artistic goals rather then a weapon of censorship in favour of any world view.