A clear, concise history of vitamin C, that vitamin you always hear about but don’t really know much about. Scurvy, a horrid, painful disease, killed millions, yet it took several hundred years and the evolution of the scientific method to figure out why: an extreme lack of Vitamin C in people’s diets. Even when presented with the solution however, many nations didn’t listen to the evidence and citizens continued to die well into the early 1900s. Then in the 1960’s the pseudoscience of Linus Pauling led to the incorrect, yet broadly accepted notion that an average person needed vitamin C supplements. We first had not enough vitamin C and then we had too much.
While the history and affiliated characters are interesting enough, what the true lesson of this slice — think an orange slice — of science is that the scientific method, and the general reverence for science, is strained, even today with all the advances
As the author notes in his short but downright punchy Chapter 11:
Ignoring the obvious (aka bias, self-righteous stubbornness, having subjective blinders on):
“…our preconceived notions of reality…constrain our thinking and prevent us from interpreting evidence objectively. Presented with new information, we try to force it into our mental models of the world, not matter how much bending and twisting we must do.”
Ignoring the science (aka forgoing rational choices due to politics, ego, religion, and habit):
“Another lesson is that even when science reveals the answer, we may refuse to accept it. Scientists spend their careers searching for truth in the believe that this true will free us from superstition and irrational assumptions. Experience is otherwise. People and entire nations refuse to pay attention to the evidence….The truth does not necessarily set us free.”
In this book, we learn about ignoring the obvious and ignoring the science in the 500-year history of vitamin C. This willful ignorance is, unfortunately, continuing with Covid, as well as climate change and a myriad of other dire issues. Still, scientists continue the science and hopefully, we’ll all soon listen.