Sur les cimes du désespoir - Le Livre des leurres - Des larmes et des saints - Le Crépuscule des pensées - Bréviaire des vaincus - Précis de décomposition - Syllogismes de l'amertume - La Tentation d'exister - Histoire et utopie La Chute dans le temps - Le Mauvais Démiurge - De l'inconvénient d'être né- Ecartèlement - Exercices d'admiration - Aveux et anathèmes.
"Mon idée, quand j'écris un livre, est déveiller quelqu'un, de le fustiger. Etant donné que les livres que j'ai écrits ont surgi de mes malaises, pour ne pas dire de mes souffrances, c'est cela même qu'ils doivent transmettre en quelque sorte au lecteur. Un livre doit tout bouleverser, tout remettre en question" - Cioran
Born in 1911 in Rășinari, a small village in the Carpathian Mountains of Romania, raised under the rule of a father who was a Romanian Orthodox priest and a mother who was prone to depression, Emil Cioran wrote his first five books in Romanian. Some of these are collections of brief essays (one or two pages, on average); others are collections of aphorisms. Suffering from insomnia since his adolescent years in Sibiu, the young Cioran studied philosophy in the “little Paris” of Bucarest.
A prolific publicist, he became a well-known figure, along with Mircea Eliade, Constantin Noïca, and his future close friend Eugene Ionesco (with whom he shared the Royal Foundation’s Young Writers Prize in 1934 for his first book, On the Heights of Despair).
Influenced by the German romantics, by Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, and the Lebensphilosophie of Schelling and Bergson, by certain Russian writers, including Chestov, Rozanov, and Dostoyevsky, and by the Romanian poet Eminescu, Cioran wrote lyrical and expansive meditations that were often metaphysical in nature and whose recurrent themes were death, despair, solitude, history, music, saintliness and the mystics (cf. Tears and Saints, 1937) – all of which are themes that one finds again in his French writings. In his highly controversial book, The Transfiguration of Romania (1937), Cioran, who was at that time close to the Romanian fascists, violently criticized his country and his compatriots on the basis of a contrast between such “little nations” as Romania, which were contemptible from the perspective of universal history and great nations, such as France or Germany, which took their destiny into their own hands.
After spending two years in Germany, Cioran arrived in Paris in 1936. He continued to write in Romanian until the early 1940s (he wrote his last article in Romanian in 1943, which is also the year in which he began writing in French). The break with Romanian became definitive in 1946, when, in the course of translating Mallarmé, he suddenly decided to give up his native tongue since no one spoke it in Paris. He then began writing in French a book that, thanks to numerous intensive revisions, would eventually become the impressive 'A Short History of Decay' (1949) -- the first of a series of ten books in which Cioran would continue to explore his perennial obsessions, with a growing detachment that allies him equally with the Greek sophists, the French moralists, and the oriental sages. He wrote existential vituperations and other destructive reflections in a classical French style that he felt was diametrically opposed to the looseness of his native Romanian; he described it as being like a “straight-jacket” that required him to control his temperamental excesses and his lyrical flights. The books in which he expressed his radical disillusionment appeared, with decreasing frequency, over a period of more than three decades, during which time he shared his solitude with his companion Simone Boué in a miniscule garret in the center of Paris, where he lived as a spectator more and more turned in on himself and maintaining an ever greater distance from a world that he rejected as much on the historical level (History and Utopia, 1960) as on the ontological (The Fall into Time, 1964), raising his misanthropy to heights of subtlety (The Trouble with being Born, 1973), while also allowing to appear from time to time a humanism composed of irony, bitterness, and preciosity (Exercices d’admiration, 1986, and the posthumously published Notebooks).
Denied the right to return to Romania during the years of the communist regime, and attracting international attention only late in his career, Cioran died in Paris in 1995.
Greastest French writer of the 20th century. The last great stylist and master of the aphorism. Cioran provides comfort and solace through searing and blackening witticisms. His scepticism and pessimism is legendary, but oddly consoling.
Requires a certain temperament and state of mind to be read and appreciated.
Le plus long livre que j'ai lu, il y a trop de Cioran, mais une lecture riche, une lecture défie et marquante. Cioran est meilleur par aphorismes les quelques textes long, sont un peu barbant; il se répète, c'est normal avec 1791 pages de textes et d'idées, il se répète trop, à tourner en rond, une lecture comme une montagne à gravir, il y a de tout, et trop de tout, mais quand on trouve le rythme et le souffle c'est une douce pente à suivre. Ce livre contient quasiment toutes les oeuvres de Cioran (à quelques titres près), les documents enrichissent la lecture, mais cela s'addresse qu'à ceux déjà intéresser et lecteur de Cioran, car il y a tout bonnement trop beaucoup trop de Cioran et que du Cioran.
"Pendant des heures et des heures je me promenais la nuit dans des rues vides ou, parfois, dans celles que hantaient des solitaires professionnelles, compagnes idéales dans les instants de suprême désarroi. L’insomnie est une lucidité vertigineuse qui convertirait le paradis en un lieu de torture. Tout est préférable à cet éveil permanent, à cette absence criminelle de l’oubli. C’est pendant ces nuits infernales que j’ai compris l’inanité de la philosophie. Les heures de veille sont au fond un interminable rejet de la pensée par la pensée, c’est la conscience exaspérée par elle-même, une déclaration de guerre, un ultimatum infernal de l’esprit à lui-même. La marche, elle, vous empêche de tourner et retourner des interrogations sans réponse, alors qu’au lit on remâche l’insoluble jusqu’au vertige. Voilà dans quel état d’esprit j’ai conçu ce livre, qui a été pour moi une sorte de libération, d’explosion salutaire. Si je ne l’avais pas écrit, j’aurais sûrement mis un terme à mes nuits."
Ein Manifest von Cioran der 1911 in Rumänien begann und von 1930 in Berlin bis 1945 Antonescu und die Eiserne Garden unterstützte danach zum Gaullismus wechselte und von Paul Celan übersetzt wurde, es sind frauenfeindliche Passagen die zu Paris eben Jean Paul Sartre und Simone de Beauvoir zum Gegensatz haben, Cioran hatte nie die großen Universitäten darum ist Suhrkamp und Ebner in Ulm für die Ausgabe des Gesamtwerkes zu danken.