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336 pages, Hardcover
First published January 17, 2023
The Wife of Bath is the first ordinary woman in English literature. By that I mean the first mercantile, working, sexually active woman — not a virginal princess or queen, not a nun, witch, or sorceress, not a damsel in distress nor a functional servant character, not an allegory.It's worth also noting that among the stories she tells in the Canterbury Tales includes a story of rape, instances when she was a victim of domestic abuse, and then describes the experience of redemption. She sounds much like a modern feminist as she questions the traditional misogynist literary canon and wonders how it might be different if women were the ones doing the writing.
The Wife of Bath is one of only a handful of literary characters — others include Odysseus, Dido, Penelope, and King Arthur — whose life has continued far beyond their earliest textual appearances.One example of influence on another author is Shakespeare's character Falstaff. The author points out many similarities between the two characters, and it is no coincidence that the Falstaff character has also had a continuing literary influence on later writers.
I can think of no other examples of this kind of character — a socially middling woman — who has had anything like Alison’s reach, influence, and capacity for reincarnation.
(Note: Alison is the Wife of Bath's name.)
When examining her adventures across time, it is striking that this is not a story of decreasing misogyny. Many twentieth-century responses, which often focused on her body and her sexual appetites in an extreme and caricatured way, were more misogynistic than fifteenth-century engagements with Alison, which were often more concerned with combating her rhetorical power.Upon reflection Chaucer appears to have been six-hundred years ahead of his time.