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Three Rings: A Tale of Exile, Narrative, and Fate

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In this "astounding Borgesian document of clarity and brilliance" (Sebastian Barry), best-selling memoirist and critic Daniel Mendelsohn pushes against the boundaries of genre as he explores the mysterious links between the randomness of the lives we lead and the artfulness of the stories we tell.

Combining memoir, biography, fiction, history, and literary criticism, Three Rings weaves together the stories of three exiled writers who turned to the classics of the past to create masterpieces of their own--works that pondered the nature of narrative itself. Erich Auerbach, the Jewish philologist who fled Hitler's Germany and wrote his classic study of Western literature, Mimesis, in Istanbul...François Fénelon, the 17th century French archbishop whose ingenious sequel to the Odyssey, The Adventures of Telemachus--a veiled critique of the Sun King and the bestselling book in Europe for a hundred years--resulted in his banishment...and the German novelist W. G. Sebald, self-exiled to England, whose distinctively meandering narratives explore odyssean themes of displacement, nostalgia, and separation from home.

Intertwined with these tales of exile and artistic crisis is an account of Mendelsohn's struggles to write two of his own books--a family saga of the Holocaust and a memoir about reading the Odyssey with his elderly father--that are haunted by tales of oppression and wandering. As Three Rings moves to its startling conclusion, a climactic revelation about the way in which the lives of its three heroes were linked across borders, languages, and centuries forces the reader to reconsider the relationship between narrative and history, art and life.

117 pages, Paperback

First published September 8, 2020

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About the author

Daniel Mendelsohn

47 books433 followers
Daniel Mendelsohn is a frequent contributor to The New Yorker and The New York Review of Books, where he is Editor-at-Large. His books include The Lost: A Search for Six of Six Million, An Odyssey: A Father, a Son, and an Epic, and, most recently, Three Rings: A Tale of Exile, Narrative, and Fate.

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Displaying 1 - 30 of 102 reviews
Profile Image for James Smith.
Author 43 books1,727 followers
September 9, 2020
Mendelsohn has a habit of writing genre-defying books. Like The Elusive Embrace and An Odyssey, Three Rings is a braid of memoir, criticism, and classical scholarship. Revivifying mythology for contemporary readers, Mendelsohn makes you want to read Homer and Virgil, not to check the boxes in that canonical syllabus we carry in our heads, but because he turns them into diagnosticians of the human heart. You read Mendelsohn reading Homer and have an uncanny sense that they know you. This is a testament to the warmth and intimacy and vulnerability of Mendelsohn’s prose, but also a function of the way mythology is supposed to work as mirrors of perennial human struggles.
Profile Image for Come Musica.
2,063 reviews631 followers
November 17, 2021
Questo libro è tanta roba: un saggio, un memoir, un libro di narrativa, un libro di critica letteraria.

Anche il mio rapporto con questo scrittore ha una natura circolare. È da quando è stato pubblicato, nel 2019, che volevo leggere “Un' Odissea. Un padre, un figlio e un'epopea” e poi per un motivo o per un altro non l’ho ancora fatto.
Da questo condensato, diviso in tre parti, si evince che il fulcro di Tre anelli è la mitologia. Leggere Mendelsohn fa venire voglia di (ri)leggere Omero e Virgilio: per quanto mi riguarda risale a cinque/sei anni fa l’ultima mia rilettura di questi classici, scrigni inesauribili per comprendere il cuore umano.

Un altro pregio di questo libro è di investigare una tecnica narrativa che era usata da Omero nell’Odissea

“La seconda cosa che mi venne in mente dopo la conversazione col mio mentore fu che la tecnica che mi stava consigliando – l’inserzione di altre storie all’interno di una storia, gli andirivieni temporali allo scopo di conferire profondità e complessità alla narrazione principale – la conoscevo fin dal terzo anno di università, quando avevo frequentato un seminario sull’Odissea, dal momento che tale stratagemma è notoriamente usato con estrema efficacia dallo stesso Omero.
Si tratta di una tecnica nota come composizione ad anello. Nella composizione ad anello, la narrazione sembra divagare abbandonandosi a una digressione (il momento del distacco dalla linea narrativa principale è segnalato da una formula fissa o da una scena ricorrente), ma la digressione, l’apparente allontanamento, si rivela in realtà un cerchio, dato che la narrazione finisce per ritornare alla storia nel punto esatto in cui se n’era discostata (il ritorno è segnalato dalla ripetizione di quella stessa formula fissa o scena ricorrente che aveva marcato il momento del distacco).”


Mendelsohn non si limita solo a descrivere questa tecnica, usandola in questa sua narrazione, ma ne analizza un’altra, tipica delle Sacre Scritture: mentre i greci tendevano a a usare la composizione ad anelli, la Bibbia ricorre all’uso dei giochi tra luci e ombre, nel momento in cui nel raccontare una storia, lascia in ombra molti dettagli, per permettere al lettore di interrogarsi e di scavare nel proprio intimo.

“Se da bambino avessi saputo tutto ciò, avrei fatto notare che nella Bibbia quel messaggio imperscrutabile è rivolto a uomini malvagi, mentre i nostri parenti erano persone innocenti. Nel loro caso, mi piace pensare che avrei detto, la scritta sarebbe stata senz’altro piú chiara, il suo significato meno opaco, che per quei miscredenti.”

Anche in questo secondo caso, Mendelsohn parla della tecnica narrativa, usandola. Infatti, dalla scarsità di ciò che Mendelsohn è in grado di trovare sui suoi antenati ebrei al fallimento dell'ultima tragedia di Racine, al “mondo” di Proust, Mendelsohn mostra come le due tecniche possano coesistere.

Questo viaggio circolare e verticale, come se ci muovessimo nello spazio e non solo sul piano, lascia il lettore a bocca aperta:

“Ed è qui che lasceremo il nostro straniero: a fissare il mare, pensando senza dubbio a casa – o quantomeno alla casa che ricorda. Lasciamolo seduto lí, a riposare dopo le sue molte peregrinazioni, nel punto esatto dove il caso o il Fato (a seconda di quanto si è pessimisti o ottimisti) l’hanno lasciato nella vita reale. Non conosce, come invece la conosciamo noi, la storia del luogo dove è arrivato; ma del resto ci è approdato dopo un lungo viaggio, non solo attraverso lo spazio ma, è probabilmente corretto dire, anche attraverso il tempo”
Profile Image for Robert.
Author 15 books117 followers
October 4, 2020
Three Rings by Daniel Mendelsohn is not quite a book; it is a compilation of lectures delivered at the University of Virginia and developed into a discursive essay but published as a book. What's the difference? At a basic level, I found myself 40% through Three Rings on my Kindle and thought how strange, I'm still in the introduction, aren't I? Beyond length, Three Rings lacks heft in terms of some of its major subjects. I wanted to read more about W.G.Sebald, but what I found was a summary of his peculiar "novels." Proust, another major subject, came and went pretty quickly. Erich Auerbach, author of Mimesis, same thing. The Odyssey receives perhaps the fullest treatment of all, not especially to its benefit.

A discursive essay is one that elaborates on a theme in apparently different ways but ends up knotting everything together. That's narrative ring theory as Mendelsohn presents it. So I would say that Mendelsohn uses his subjects as markers around which he skates in three circles, ending up about where he began, which is a neat trick, aesthetically, but leaves us, or me, wanting more meaning and less method. His range of literary and cultural reference is exceptional; his compositional style, however, seems to place his subjects under a bell jar. One can see them but not really touch them, or smell them, or hear their whispers.

All the above said, Mendelsohn is pleasing to read. He puts a fair amount of his autobiography into this essay, but that isn't especially annoying, just not altogether illuminating.
Profile Image for Karina  Padureanu.
121 reviews97 followers
February 12, 2022
Interesanta, un fel de prelegere despre compozitia inelara, istorie, biografiile lui Erich Auerbach, un filolog evreu si Francois Fenelon, un arhiepiscop francez - secolul XVII (despre cei doi nu stiam nimic), o analiza frumoasa a operelor lui Sebald (in linii mari) si cateva concluzii faine despre opera lui Proust, chiar si o incredibila legatura a unui personaj din"In cautarea timpului pierdut" cu Fenelon.
Totodata, analiza face trimiteri la semnificatiile "Odiseei" lui Homer si la cartile scrise de Mendelsohn, " O odisee" si "Cei disparuti", asa incat este recomandat ca acestea sa fie citite inainte de "Trei inele".
Ceea ce apreciez la Mendelsohn este capacitatea lui de analiza si de a face niste legaturi intre evenimente, legaturi la care cu greu te puteai gandi.
Ca si in "Cei disparuti", autorul are tendinta de a repeta, pe parcurs, lucruri deja scrise im aceeasi carte, ceea ce poate fi putin deranjant, insa este util pentru retinerea lor.
"O odisee" a fost o revelatie pentru mine, este preferata mea dintre cele trei.
Profile Image for Emilia.
37 reviews21 followers
November 30, 2021
Ho conosciuto Mendelsohn lo scorso anno con Un'Odissea, uno dei libri più delicati e commoventi che abbia mai letto; tornare a leggerlo ora è stato, per me, una specie di νόστος, di ritorno a casa, questo perché, come lettrice, pur leggendo e amando generi letterari diversi, faccio sempre ritorno ai miei amati autori classici. In questo particolare scritto, difficile da collocare in un unico genere letterario, Mendelsohn, sempre partendo dall'Odissea, ci svela i retroscena della particolarissima narrazione ad anello, facendoci capire che autori e opere contemporanee possono essere compresi meglio, se osservati e studiati attraverso il prisma delle letterature classiche.
Profile Image for Jim Coughenour.
Author 4 books227 followers
April 18, 2021
Like much of Mendelsohn’s fine work, this slim book is a combination of close reading, cultural musing and autobiography. His focus is a literary technique called “ring composition” in which “the narrative appears to meander away into a digression … although the digression, the ostensible straying, turns out in the end to be a circle.” The locus classicus is the passage in the Odyssey where the old nurse washing the legs of the stranger Odysseus notices a scar he received as a boy, whereupon Homer recounts the story of the original wound before bringing us back to the present. Probably the reason the locus is classicus is because Erich Auerbach began his famous book Mimesis: The Representation of Reality in Western Literature by comparing this episode in Homer with the terrifying account of Abraham and Isaac in Genesis.

It took me a while to realize that Mendelsohn’s book is not so much about ring composition but its opposite, a narrative opaque and alarming, full of cuts, shadows and absences. Stories about exiles in which narrative is fractured, destroyed or lost: not only Auerbach, but Sebald and the 17th century author François de Salignac de La Mothe-Fénelon. And, as it turns out, Mendelsohn himself.

In the end I wanted more, or something different, and I excuse my complaint as an awkward compliment to Mendelsohn, whose work is sometimes completely satisfying. In particular I’m grateful for his translation of and commentary on Cavafy, and the most delightful essay on Mary Renault I’ve ever read.
701 reviews78 followers
September 19, 2021
Este libro es una especie de spin-off de otras dos obras de Mendelsohn que no he leído. Aún así puede que se convierta en uno de mis libros del año. Con brevedad y agilidad el autor parte de la parálisis por el shock traumático que le produjo la investigación sobre el Holocausto de sus antepasados judíos en un pueblo polaco y a partir de ahí va enhebrando una teoría sobre el exilio y sobre la digresión mediante, precisamente, muchas digresiones: sobre Auerbach refugiado en el Estambul de los años 30, sobre las técnicas narrativas de Homero, sobre Fénelon y el éxito de su novela sobre la Odisea que le supuso la expulsión de la corte de Versalles, sobre Proust y los dos caminos que podía tomar al salir de la casa “en busca del tiempo perdido” y cómo se acaban uniendo en un círculo, de Sebald y el autoexilio por la vergüenza de ser hijo de un oficial de la Werhmatch y crecer conociendo lo que pudo haber hecho en la guerra. Todo esto en 158 páginas deliciosas que tampoco ocultan el vértigo del abismo: Auerbach casi no contaba en Estambul con los libros que necesitaba para poder escribir ‘Mímesis’ y aún así lo consiguió usando por un lado la memoria y por otro una reflexión que me voy a imprimir para pegarla por algún sitio y poder releerla cuando me abrumen las montañas de libros o la parálisis por las ramificaciones infinitas de cualquier investigación que se emprenda: “Es muy posible también que el libro [‘Mímesis’] deba su existencia precisamente a la falta de una gran biblioteca sobre la especialidad; si hubiera tratado de informarme de todo lo que se ha producido sobre temas tan múltiples, quizá no hubiera llegado nunca a ponerme manos a la obra”.
Profile Image for Marco Simeoni.
Author 3 books87 followers
September 21, 2022
Uno straniero arriva in una città sconosciuta dopo un lungo viaggio. Si muove con difficoltà, le spalle ingobbite dal peso delle valigie.

Primo approccio con Daniel Mendelsohn.
Spesso la raffinatezza e la cultura riescono ad andare di pari passo se chi le possiede non le ostenta. Così è stata la lettura di questo saggio breve - ma comunque vasto nel toccare ed esplorare vari temi e registri letterari - e arricchente.

L'incipit rimanda subito all'immagine dell'esule, dello straniero. Verrà ripetuta e declinata per tre volte associando a ogni ripetizione un diverso punto di vista sulla tecnica della composizione ad anello:

“una tecnica, antica quanto Omero, nota come composizione ad anello; una tecnica che consiste nel girovagare per poi ritrovare sempre la via di casa, una tecnica che, con la sua solare idea mediterranea che esista davvero una connessione fra tutte le cose”

e questa connessione Mendelsohn la fagocita e la rende sua in un processo lungo una vita (forse lungo vite passate) per riproporcela in incastri affascinanti proprio perché orditi da un suo schema.

In realtà è anche uno scritto sul vuoto:
- Vuoto creativo (ebbe il blocco dello scrittore su una sua opera che non riusciva a dare alla luce)
- Vuoto ultimo. Che accompagna ogni perdita

I tre anelli in una parola:

1 anello: Mimesis
2 anello: Calipso
3 anello: Ausgewanderten

E in tre nomi: Erich Auerbach, François Fènelon e Winfried Georg Sebald. Se siete legati anche ad una sola di queste esistenze artistiche e volete andare oltre l'arte e "toccare" la persona dietro agli scritti, già solo per questo, varrà la pena leggerlo.
Profile Image for Gretchen Rubin.
Author 44 books139k followers
Read
June 2, 2021
Fascinating, ambitious, thought-provoking.
Profile Image for Sonali V.
198 reviews85 followers
August 29, 2023
I loved this book. The three rings are also, apart from what is in the title, of many exiles over many ages, across many countries, of many people whose fate and story blend into each other. I really enjoyed the first story of the first two people - Auerbach and Fenelon, not Sebald so much. But that is certainly not the author's fault. As Sebald is my favourite writer I do know quite a bit about him, so that part had nothing new for me. Worth a second read.
Profile Image for Federica Rampi.
702 reviews231 followers
December 22, 2021
Dall’unione di critica, biografia , saggio e analisi letteraria , Mendelsohn sfida i generi e offre un studio sulla digressione, l'esilio e la circolarità.

“Ci piace pensare che viaggiare – e di quando in quando anche perdersi – sia di per sé una cosa positiva”

L’autore esplora le misteriose corrispondenze tra il caso che governa la nostra esistenza e l'arte delle narrazioni, dove la scrittura diventa un omaggio al mondo greco ed ebraico, un collegamento tra Oriente e Occidente e un'ode alla letteratura francese.
Tre Anelli inizia raccontando la storia di tre scrittori in esilio che si sono rivolti ai classici del passato per comporre i propri capolavori.
Erich Auerbach, il filologo ebreo costretto a lasciare la Germania nazista per scrivere a Istanbul Mimesis .
François Fénelon, vescovo del XVII secolo, autore di una meravigliosa continuazione dell'Odissea, Le avventure di Telemaco, e il tedesco WG Sebald, che andò in esilio in Inghilterra, nelle cui storie si respira la fuga e la nostalgia.
Ai destini degli esuli, Daniel Mendelsohn aggiunge la propria voce, intrecciando il racconto della crisi che ha attraversato tra la stesura del grande affresco commemorativo de Gli Scomparsi  e quello intimo di un'Odissea.

Gli anelli del titolo rimandano a un processo letterario caro ad Omero: la composizione circolare, una struttura dove il racconto moltiplica le parentesi per tornare ogni volta e meglio, al punto preciso dell'azione da cui è partita, perché la digressione non è mai una deviazione, né distrazione, ma è unica e completa.

“Tutte quelle svolte e quel girare in tondo convergono in un obiettivo univoco, ovvero aiutarci a comprendere la singola azione che è l’argomento dell’opera di cui fanno parte”

Nella composizione circolare, l'autore sembra scorgere un modo di tradurre il mondo, di leggere la Storia, svincolandosi dall'esperienza umana

Tre Anelli è un saggio sulla narrazione, ma nasconde nel suo cuore una meditazione potente e commovente sulla fragile immortalità della letteratura, sui pericoli che minacciano i testi e gli scrittori, e le circostanze storiche che orientano le loro opere.

Mendelsohn si muove con straordinaria grazia da un riferimento e da un soggetto all'altro, affidandosi a coincidenze, immagini o temi discretamente ricorrenti (i riflessi del mare, i cipressi, le modelle, “l'educazione delle fanciulle”, l'influenza del francese…).
Le figure di Proust e Racine incrociano quella di Omero, e la sagoma di uno straniero che arriva "in una città sconosciuta dopo un lungo viaggio"
Daniel Mendelsohn ha dato vita a lavoro colto, teorico e intimo, creando legami tra luoghi e tempi, per far risuonare, senza bisogno di sottolinearlo, le sue domande e le sue preoccupazioni sul nostro tempo.
Profile Image for Jatan.
113 reviews41 followers
September 22, 2020
A peerless book-for-the-ages in which a classics scholar describes the tricks of his trade through the lives and fates of his academic as well as filial ancestors. Although stylistically inspired by the Homeric ring composition, the narrative also recalls the fictional universes of Borges and Calvino with one small difference: the historical labyrinth reconstructed in this case is a beautiful illustration of life mimicking art mimicking life.
Profile Image for diario_de_um_leitor_pjv .
781 reviews140 followers
October 23, 2022
COMENTÃRIO
⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
Três Anéis – Uma historia de Exílio, Narrativa e Destino”
Daniel Mendelsohn
Tradução de Frederico Pedreira
Nos tempos que vivemos os livros são cada vez mais o cruzar de tipologia e de modos de escrita. Daniel Mendelsohn é perito em que apresentar obras que teremos dificuldade em classificar e arrumar. Depois do "Uma Odisseia. Um pai, um filho e uma epopeia" este novo volume “Três Anéis – Uma historia de Exílio, Narrativa e Destino” constitui-se como mais um desses híbridos. É verdade que é um ensaio sobre literatura e cultura, mas é também um livro de memórias com laivos de crítica e análise histórica.
Assim o livro corresponde, de partida, a um conjunto de conferências que o autor realizou na Universidade da Virgínia (EUA), e quwtem como elemento central a sua vivência e experiência em estudos clássicos. Por isso mesmo Homero, e em especial a Odisseia, estejam sempre presentes ao longo do texto.
Mas se o livro problematiza nas suas três partes a construção e análise de narrativas ficcionais, esse processo é centrado na história de vida e obra de três personalidades da cultura europeia:
- Erich Auerbach, académico judeu alemão que exilado em Istambul no final dos anos 30 e 40 escreve uma das mais destacada obras dos estudos literários do século XX, "Mimesis: The Representation of Reality in Western Literature".
- François Fénelon , escritor francês do seculo XVIII e autor de "Les Aventures de Télémaque" (1699) obra destacada da literatura francesa que prolonga tematicamente a Odisseia criando novos territórios narrativos e ficcionais. Nesta parte Mendelsohn encaminha-nos para Marcel Proust e para o monumental "Em busca do tempo perdido" a que dedica um conjunto muito interessante de páginas de análise.
- Por fim, na terceira parte é destacado W. G. Sebald, intelectual auto-exilado e autor de um conjunto de obra híbridas em que ficção e realidade se contaminam e enriquecem na persecução de livros que me parecem maravilhosos.
Nestas páginas Mendelsohn escreve sobre livros, sobre autores e sobre a cultura ocidental de onde parte.Mas nos dá pistas de leitura da contemporaneidade como um tempo de exilio e de reconstrução de narrativas diversas.
Um nota pessoal. Que leitura tão boa. E que boas ideias esta leitura provocou...
Profile Image for Titi Coolda.
217 reviews115 followers
June 10, 2022
Scrisă ulterior celor 2 romane/memoir-uri, Trei inele păstrează stilul doct, erudit al lui Mendelsohn, e un exercițiu interesant despre compoziția inelară în literatură, despre tehnica narațiunii incluzive prin exemplificări din Odiseea, Fénelon, Proust, Sebald, Auerbach. Trebuie musai citită după Lost și An Odyssey, nicidecum înaintea lor.
Profile Image for Eric.
342 reviews
May 4, 2022
Ultimately, I wanted to like this -- part exploration, part enactment, of Homeric ring composition -- more than I did. Three Rings is distinguished by the same high modernist tendencies I've come to appreciate in the works of Pound and his contemporaries, imaginative writing that cleaves to juxtaposition, subject-rhyme, and Bucky-Fullerian synergy, where a succession of narrative rings makes meaning alternately in interposition and linkage, and unexpected meanings emerge from the friction of association, as witness the rhymes rung out by a lineup of exiles: Erich Auerbach, Francois Fenelon, W.G. Sebald. But where the Chinese place ideographs one alongside the other, Mendelsohn makes too much of the bridges he builds. He commits the offence of filling in the gaps. Rather than let the work and its columns stand, he's caulked the byways and portals. The result is overwritten and unsubtle.
Profile Image for Marco Innamorati.
Author 18 books32 followers
December 19, 2021
Un libro curiosamente ricorsivo: per descrivere la tecnica della scrittura “ad anello” (che inserisce narrazioni nelle narrazioni) ricorre alla medesima tecnica. Ne risulta un caleidoscopio di analisi, racconti, figure retoriche brillanti, riferimenti a autori lontani nel tempo e nello spazio ma uniti da elementi comuni. Particolarmente emozionanti sono le pagine su Proust.
Profile Image for Nelson Zagalo.
Author 15 books466 followers
February 26, 2022
"Three Rings: A Tale of Exile, Narrative, and Fate" (2020) is an experimental academic work that blends memoir, criticism, classics, and narrative theory. I knew Daniel Mendelsohn from an earlier memoir created from Homer's structure, "An Odyssey. A Father, a Son and an Epic" (2017) which I particularly enjoyed. In this latest work, he has created a kind of successor, performing a greater work of self-criticism and analysis of his previous works, and this idea of succession is immediately apparent from the analytical work he devotes to "Les Aventures de Télémaque" (1699) in which François Fénelon attempted to write a continuation of the "Odyssey."

Ler a resenha complete em portugês no blog:
https://virtual-illusion.blogspot.com...
Profile Image for Daphna.
242 reviews45 followers
September 10, 2022
This is a quick easy read, but a bit disappointing in its lack of substantiality. Thought it would go deeper.
Profile Image for Bandit.
4,946 reviews579 followers
December 1, 2020
Reading this book was like attending a fascinating lecture on the intersectionality of literature, literary criticism and life itself. Ok, so not quite like a lecture, the experience is one sided and there’s no way to ask questions, but very similar in the way you get to just sit back and be awed by someone’s intellect and erudition.
Ring composition is a narrative technique of a circuitous approach to storytelling that features intentional digressions. The author uses this technique to weave three tales of travelers, writers, adventurers real and imaginary, past echoing into present, the roads spinning round and round, returning to set junctures only to take off again.
The official description of this book does it justice perfectly, so I won’t even try. Suffice it to say, the was different, original and so very smart…though I love books about books, this was a nontraditional reading choice for me, but a very good one all the same. Something to stretch my reading comfort zone, to challenge and educate. This book was interesting in a way that makes you think differently about the world, the way art and fiction reflect each other. It’s very engaging for nonfiction and perfectly succinct so that it wouldn’t possibly overstay its welcome.
Whether your interests are in narrative constructs, literary criticism, early European literature, WWII survivors, memoirs or you just want to learn where the phrase the writing’s on the wall comes from (no, not the James Bond song) this book will delight and edify you. In fact, you’ll definitely come out smarter on the other end. Very good read. Recommended.
Profile Image for Daniel Sevitt.
1,426 reviews137 followers
September 5, 2021
How I got to this book is lost in the mists of my memory, but I must have been intrigued because I ordered it. I had no idea what to expect and was delighted to find a meditation on exile and Homer combined with a personal memoir of the author's life as a writer, a Jew and a son.

The stories and digressions are constantly circling back on themselves as the rhyme of events echoes through history. Thankfully, my ignorance of Homer's work did not feel like an obstacle as Mendelsohn's enormous erudition tends to include rather than exclude the less well versed.

This was a delightful discovery that makes me want to seek out Mendelsohn previous work, the ones he references here and his other critical essays on classical and popular culture. I'm an instant fan.
310 reviews
May 28, 2021
This is a short. densely reasoned analysis of literary narrative form, especially in the hands of three writers over the centuries and with focused comparison of the "Hebraic narrative style" -- linear, with missing elements, mysterious, pessimistic -- and the "Greek, Homeric narrative style," which uses "rings" -- circling devices in the story line that ultimately suggest (more optimistically) connectiveness and unity and meaning. This is the style used heavily in The Odyssey itself, and also in the book Daniel Mendelsohn is then in the process of writing: "An Odyssey: A Father, a Son, and an Epic." That book is marvelous, in my opinion!
Profile Image for dv.
1,401 reviews59 followers
June 6, 2022
Un saggio sulla narrazione ad anello, fatta di divagazioni raccolte le une nelle altre, da Omero in poi - e che ovviamente usa la stessa forma di racconto nel suo svolgersi. Mendelsohn si focalizza in particolare su tre autori, Erich Auerbach, François Fénelon e Winfried Georg Sebald, ma ve ne sono diversi altri lungo il percorso. Del libro affascina non solo la forma ma anche la scrittura e preziose sono le coincidenze che fra gli "anelli" generano connessioni. Tuttavia, il lavoro si appoggia fin troppo sugli autori e su citazioni dei loro testi, quindi il piacere della lettura può variare a seconda di quanto si conosca un autore e si abbia voglia di ritrovare o scoprire anzitempo (prima di una vera lettura) dettagli delle opere e lunghi passaggi citati.
Profile Image for Stephen Durrant.
674 reviews169 followers
January 19, 2021
I'm a Mendelsohn fan. Books that skillfully blend literary scholarship with autobiography always attract me, and this small book was no exception. Not only does it contain personal echos of his earlier Odyssey: A Father, a Son, and an Epic, which I have reviewed here, and fascinating comments about Erich Auerbach (whose Mimesis is a favorite of mine), François Fénelon, and W. G. Sebald, along with others, but it is both about and an example of ring composition. Indeed, in its own brief way (just over 100 pages), it is a genuine tour de force. And, in a somewhat unusual fashion for this slow reader, I gobbled it up in a single sitting.
Profile Image for Miguel Garzón.
334 reviews15 followers
September 16, 2021
Deliciosa reflexión sobre los meandros del arte y la vida, la luz de la representación y la oscuridad del silencio que completa su relieve, el exilio y la huida como viajes de fin, acabados los iniciáticos en una cultura cansada.

Las formas de narrar pueden aspirar a decirlo todo o a decir que poco puede ser dicho. En sus composiciones iterativas, Mendelsohn ofrece inteligentes reflexiones y tramas sugestivas sobre la Historia y el mundo. La literatura en su mejor momento es una conversación con personas inteligentes que te hacen sentir que eres más sabio de lo que eres.

Muy recomendable. Un escritorazo.
Author 1 book
October 18, 2020
Frankly, I don't know what to make of "Three Rings." I thoroughly enjoyed the bio and exegesis in Daniel Mendelsohn "Odyssey" book, but this collected essay gloss was disjointed and never captured my attention for long. So the ring composition is a clever literary technique that requires skilled planning and execution and can provide insights along the way, and we have three authors who did that, sort of? I was hoping for more of treatise on how to incorporate the ring into your writing or some lessons on how other did it. Just wasn't there for me.
164 reviews93 followers
December 19, 2021
(esercizio di erudizione fine a se stesso?)
1,090 reviews73 followers
May 1, 2023
THREE RINGS is about the art of story-telling, and in its broadest sense looks at two traditions of story telling, or narrative structure if you want to use fancier words, in the literature of the West.

Mendelsohn locates one in the Homeric or Greek technique which he calls the “optimistic” style. It implies that everything can be known and accounted for. The other he calls the Hebrew style which is full of shadows and mysteries and acknowledges “that like God himself, creation is never knowable.” This he terms the “pessimistic” way. It has the virtue, though, of provoking endless interpretations. A good example is the Bible, both Old and New Testaments, which are full of ambiguities with endless theories as to what is really meant.

The three rings of the title refer to specific writers who Mendelsohn examines through an interpretive approach. Al of them in way or another are indebted to one of the early great works of western literature, Homer’s s ILIAD and ODYSSEY. Both use extensive digressio which at first appear to be meandering from the main story. In the end, though, the digressions make a comment on the main story, often a subtle one, and return. It’s a circular pattern, a “ring.”

His examples include first, Eric Auerbach, a Jewish philologist who fled Hitler’s Germany and wrote a massive critical study of western literature which tried to integrate written literature and its historical context. All of his various texts, as I understand Mendelsohn’s explanation of them, come together in a synthesis.

The second is Francois Fenelon, a Frenchman who lived during the reign of
Louis XIV and is known for his ADVENTURES OF TELEMACHUS. Telemachus, of course, was Odysseus’s son, and Fenelon expands upon what could have happened to Telemachus, everything that goes unmentioned in Homer’s story. It could be called an ultimate digression, and yet it has a bearing on the original ODYSSEY .

The third example is the German novelist, W. G. Sebald, who was self-exiled to England, and his various novels are ones of nostalgia and displacement, and Sebald thinks that all of them are digressions that have in their shadowy background the Holocaust.

Mendelsohn has written his own books, one is an account of locating relatives who experienced the horrors of the Holocast, and another is an account of his teaching of the Odyssey and a link with his father. In both instances, his approach is digressive, even wandering, just as his three examples are. Woven into the “ring” method of telling a story, is Mendelsohn’s own life.

In the end, then, the Greek and the Hebrew approach to telling a story are like the two “ways” of Proust’s IN SEARCH OF PAST TIME, about which Mendelsohn has much to say. They end up with the same goals, one of which is that life is always uncertain, unpredictable, best characterized in story form by a stranger who arrives in an unknown city after a long voyage.

Ironically, this is a short book, but it succeeds in giving a reader an appreciation of the long “ring composition”, a wandering which points in the direction of a metaphorical “home” which may or may not be reacted

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