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什麼都能吃：令人驚異的飲食文化
從吃牛、吃狗到吃人
從文化、營養到生態
展開縱貫古今、橫跨全球的飲食知性之旅
讓你對吃的想法從此改觀
談吃不是美食家的專利
且看人類學家如何為你解開食物的文化之謎
人類幾乎無所不吃，覓食、獵食及生產食物的手段，也是獨步全球。可是人是如何辨別吃這個好？吃那個不好？是因為宗教？是因為口味？還是因為價格？看似單純的「吃」與「不吃」，在人類學家好奇的探索下，為我們揭露了令人驚嘆的謎底，給你種種意想不到的答案。
從文化、營養到生態
展開縱貫古今、橫跨全球的飲食知性之旅
讓你對吃的想法從此改觀
談吃不是美食家的專利
且看人類學家如何為你解開食物的文化之謎
人類幾乎無所不吃，覓食、獵食及生產食物的手段，也是獨步全球。可是人是如何辨別吃這個好？吃那個不好？是因為宗教？是因為口味？還是因為價格？看似單純的「吃」與「不吃」，在人類學家好奇的探索下，為我們揭露了令人驚嘆的謎底，給你種種意想不到的答案。
269 pages, Paperback
First published January 1, 1985
47 people are currently reading
1343 people want to read
About the author
Marvin Harris
44 books239 followersAmerican anthropologist Marvin Harris was born in Brooklyn, New York. A prolific writer, he was highly influential in the development of cultural materialism. In his work he combined Karl Marx's emphasis on the forces of production with Malthus's insights on the impact of demographic factors on other parts of the sociocultural system. Labeling demographic and production factors as infrastructure, Harris posited these factors as key in determining a society's social structure and culture.
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Displaying 1 - 30 of 69 reviews
September 3, 2021
When I read Marvin Harris's Cows, Pigs, Wars, and Witches: The Riddles of Culture years ago, I thought he was a genius. His explanation of why cultures varied so greatly made sense. But that was then, and on reading this eminently readable and impressive book, Good to Eat, I was struck with just how convoluted the explanation for why Hindus revere cows was. Essentially that cattle make the best agricultural labour and are therefore too valuable to kill and eat. It seemed to me that he had an agenda for everything - Jews and Muslims with pigs, the West with dogs and cats and everyone except the Far East with insects - and twisted everything to fit.
He did clear up one mystery for me. I always wondered how on a farm where there were an excessive number of old cows to be looked after what happened to them. They are, the author says, sold to Muslims who will happily eat them, and by this trade it encourages them to co-operate and get on. See what I mean by twisting things to fit an agenda?
Still, beautifully-written, fascinating reading and a great deal to think over, and that to me is the most important thing in a non-fiction book.
He did clear up one mystery for me. I always wondered how on a farm where there were an excessive number of old cows to be looked after what happened to them. They are, the author says, sold to Muslims who will happily eat them, and by this trade it encourages them to co-operate and get on. See what I mean by twisting things to fit an agenda?
Still, beautifully-written, fascinating reading and a great deal to think over, and that to me is the most important thing in a non-fiction book.
February 27, 2017
Imprescindible para cualquier amante de la cultura, especialmente para los que se preguntan por que algunas culturas hayan repugnante como alimento (Cerdo, perro, lacteos, carne humana) lo que otras encuentran o encontraron perfectamente razonable. Demuestra que estas elecciones no son necesariamente azarosas o arbitrarias, si no que responden a buenos motivos para las culturas que las tomaron.
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August 30, 2020¿Por qué comemos lo que comemos? ¿Por qué la leche es una bebida deliciosa en Europa y en China se considera una secreción repugnante? ¿Por qué en Asia los bichos forman parte de la dieta y en Occidente nos recorre un escalofrío si una polilla se posa en nuestro brazo? Me ha resultado sumamente interesante enterarme qué da forma a los tabús alimentarios (en resumen: siempre pueden explicarse en base a las condiciones económicas y ecológicas imperantes en la época en la que se establecieron esos tabús, y que en muchos casos siguen siendo válidas) y creo que es un libro que debe leer cualquier vegetariano* mínimamente interesado en nutrición y en por qué en el mundo se come lo que se come. Sin falacias, sin necesidad de recurrir a falsedades para demostrar que la dieta vegetariana es superior y lo natural. Porque al final, el vegetarianismo no es más que otro tabú alimenticio basado en razones emocionales y ecológicas, y considero muy interesante la sensación generalizada de que es una dieta "artificial" y que lo "normal y natural" es ser omnívoro. Pero si este libro demuestra algo, es que no hay ninguna dieta "normal y natural". Cada preferencia dietética se basa en condiciones económicas y ecológicas preexistentes que a fuerza de la costumbre se instauraron como tabús alimentarios. Y las condiciones económicas y ecológicas de nuestra era requieren la implantación del vegetarianismo como la única opción dietética responsable.
Como puntos negativos, diría que es un libro de 1985 y por tanto puede estar algo desactualizado, que en cierta manera las perspectivas son algo occidentales y, por último, algunos argumentos que esgrime no me han resultado muy válidos. Sentía cierta "circularidad" en ellos, pero no soy capaz de articular las razones detrás de esa sensación.
*lo digo como vegetariano. No estoy tirando hate sin más, pero he llegado a leer unos argumentos provegetarianos tan acientíficos y ridículos que...
Como puntos negativos, diría que es un libro de 1985 y por tanto puede estar algo desactualizado, que en cierta manera las perspectivas son algo occidentales y, por último, algunos argumentos que esgrime no me han resultado muy válidos. Sentía cierta "circularidad" en ellos, pero no soy capaz de articular las razones detrás de esa sensación.
*lo digo como vegetariano. No estoy tirando hate sin más, pero he llegado a leer unos argumentos provegetarianos tan acientíficos y ridículos que...
June 1, 2007
This is a brilliant book which has changed the way I think about how, and why, people eat animals. Harris makes convincing arguments, based on economics on biology, for the reasons behind animal food taboos and preferences in human cultures.
His arguments build successively through the book, so the chapters work more in sequence than they do in isolation. The most interesting chapters, for me, were probably "Meat Hunger" (explaining the privileging of meat as a food source), and that on cannibalism. The chapters on pets and insect-eating were also very interesting.
The chapters on meat production in the United States confirmed my beliefs about the cruel and "unnatural" mechanisms of factory farming, which remain substantially unchanged since the book's publication over twenty years ago.
Harris also introduced me to the concept of "optimal foraging theory" (though this is not his invention, but that of ecologists), which explains why humans and other animals focus on acquiring only certain food items in their environment.
His arguments build successively through the book, so the chapters work more in sequence than they do in isolation. The most interesting chapters, for me, were probably "Meat Hunger" (explaining the privileging of meat as a food source), and that on cannibalism. The chapters on pets and insect-eating were also very interesting.
The chapters on meat production in the United States confirmed my beliefs about the cruel and "unnatural" mechanisms of factory farming, which remain substantially unchanged since the book's publication over twenty years ago.
Harris also introduced me to the concept of "optimal foraging theory" (though this is not his invention, but that of ecologists), which explains why humans and other animals focus on acquiring only certain food items in their environment.
July 16, 2018
Muy interesante libro de no-ficción donde explica el porqué de nuestros habitos alimentarios y el rechazo a ciertos alimentos (por razones culturales y sobre todo económicas)
Me parece que está muy buen expuesto. Me he quedado con ganas de profundizar en este tema. A ver si encuentro libros de esta temática,...
Me parece apasionante y enlaza con uno de los aspectos de la Historia que en mi opinión no están muy desarrollados: la Historia de la Alimentación.
Me parece que está muy buen expuesto. Me he quedado con ganas de profundizar en este tema. A ver si encuentro libros de esta temática,...
Me parece apasionante y enlaza con uno de los aspectos de la Historia que en mi opinión no están muy desarrollados: la Historia de la Alimentación.
March 15, 2018
Vorrebbe essere un saggio di antropologia, ma a me sembra un saggio di anti-antropologia.
Con un'incredibile messe di dati Harris mostra l'origine materiale dei tabù alimentari. In una cavalcata breve ma intensa, pesca da tutti i campi: biologia, alimentazione, ecologia, anatomia, economia, etologia, e tanto altro ancora. Il risultato: i tabù alimentari non trovano la propria origine nella cultura, bensì prima di questa, nelle condizioni materiali in cui gli uomini, nei diversi luoghi del pianeta, convivono con le (potenziali) fonti di cibo. La cultura è una razionalizzazione a posteriori di una mera questione di calcoli di costi e benefici: la vacca è sacra perché utile per tutto tranne che come cibo, il maiale impuro perché dannoso, gli insetti non si mangiano finché non si hanno a disposizione migliori fonti di cibo, e così via.
La spiegazione di Harris risulta convincente se non altro perché le spiegazioni concorrenti, alla Douglas per dire, secondo cui la bestia impura è tale perché "inclassificabile" non rendono conto delle variazioni regionali e temporali dei tabù alimentari: se il maiale è abominevole perché inclassificabile, perché non è tale in tutto il globo ma solo in Medio Oriente?
In tutto questo tuttavia rimane qualcosa di inspiegato, ovvero il salto dal "buono (o cattivo) da mangiare" al "buono (o cattivo) da pensare". Per quale ragione quel che dovrebbe essere un semplice calcolo razionale si trasforma in un tabù dai fortissimi connotati emotivo-viscerali, in cui il primo viene completamente nascosto e mascherato dal secondo, reso irriconoscibile se non in seguito a un poderoso scavo di pensiero come quello operato da Harris? Perché il calcolo razionale, quando entra nel sistema della cultura, perde la sua trasparenza e si trasforma in disgusto spesso intollerante, tanto che chi mangia le cose diverse dalle proprie è un "barbaro" da civilizzare, catechizzare o convertire a forza al menù del più forte? E perché il tabù riesce a mantenersi intatto e fortemente radicato anche quando cadono le sue ragioni materiali? Concretamente: perché il maiale rimane impuro anche secoli dopo il venir meno delle ragioni (addotte da Harris) della sua impurità? Il nocciolo della questione, qui, è il meccanismo psicologico di formazione del tabù e le ragioni del suo persistere. Personalmente ritengo che anche qui sussistano delle ragioni prettamente materiali, ma in questo caso non esterne, bensì interne all'individuo uomo, inscritte in profondità nei circuiti cerebrali che ci portiamo appresso, nella profonda stratificazione e nelle interazioni che vanno dalle strutture più arcaiche del cervello sino alla neocorteccia, là dove emerge l'attività simbolica dei sapiens. Ancora c'è da attendere uno Harris che voglia spiegare con piglio materialistico e senza astrattismi anche questo secondo corno del problema.
Con un'incredibile messe di dati Harris mostra l'origine materiale dei tabù alimentari. In una cavalcata breve ma intensa, pesca da tutti i campi: biologia, alimentazione, ecologia, anatomia, economia, etologia, e tanto altro ancora. Il risultato: i tabù alimentari non trovano la propria origine nella cultura, bensì prima di questa, nelle condizioni materiali in cui gli uomini, nei diversi luoghi del pianeta, convivono con le (potenziali) fonti di cibo. La cultura è una razionalizzazione a posteriori di una mera questione di calcoli di costi e benefici: la vacca è sacra perché utile per tutto tranne che come cibo, il maiale impuro perché dannoso, gli insetti non si mangiano finché non si hanno a disposizione migliori fonti di cibo, e così via.
La spiegazione di Harris risulta convincente se non altro perché le spiegazioni concorrenti, alla Douglas per dire, secondo cui la bestia impura è tale perché "inclassificabile" non rendono conto delle variazioni regionali e temporali dei tabù alimentari: se il maiale è abominevole perché inclassificabile, perché non è tale in tutto il globo ma solo in Medio Oriente?
In tutto questo tuttavia rimane qualcosa di inspiegato, ovvero il salto dal "buono (o cattivo) da mangiare" al "buono (o cattivo) da pensare". Per quale ragione quel che dovrebbe essere un semplice calcolo razionale si trasforma in un tabù dai fortissimi connotati emotivo-viscerali, in cui il primo viene completamente nascosto e mascherato dal secondo, reso irriconoscibile se non in seguito a un poderoso scavo di pensiero come quello operato da Harris? Perché il calcolo razionale, quando entra nel sistema della cultura, perde la sua trasparenza e si trasforma in disgusto spesso intollerante, tanto che chi mangia le cose diverse dalle proprie è un "barbaro" da civilizzare, catechizzare o convertire a forza al menù del più forte? E perché il tabù riesce a mantenersi intatto e fortemente radicato anche quando cadono le sue ragioni materiali? Concretamente: perché il maiale rimane impuro anche secoli dopo il venir meno delle ragioni (addotte da Harris) della sua impurità? Il nocciolo della questione, qui, è il meccanismo psicologico di formazione del tabù e le ragioni del suo persistere. Personalmente ritengo che anche qui sussistano delle ragioni prettamente materiali, ma in questo caso non esterne, bensì interne all'individuo uomo, inscritte in profondità nei circuiti cerebrali che ci portiamo appresso, nella profonda stratificazione e nelle interazioni che vanno dalle strutture più arcaiche del cervello sino alla neocorteccia, là dove emerge l'attività simbolica dei sapiens. Ancora c'è da attendere uno Harris che voglia spiegare con piglio materialistico e senza astrattismi anche questo secondo corno del problema.
January 29, 2022
Las costumbres alimentarias de las diferentes culturas tienen una base antropológica. Nada es al azar
January 28, 2020
This book was first published in 1985. If there is an updated edition, I don't know about it. It is problematic to read a book this old whenever statistics are mentioned. Information such as the rise of beef consumption from the mid-70s to the mid-80s is obviously moot. So especially in the earlier chapters of the book, I was considering to stop reading. A short reminder: when this book came out the Soviet Union still existed, and the European Union had only ten member states.
However, I am glad that I continued the read, as the historical information is really good. Some chapters were truly eye-opening, for example what the spread of Islam has to do with climatic aspects. The cannibalism chapter is also noteworthy. I liked the fact that Marvin Harris refrains from any personal judgement; instead, he takes his approach very seriously to uncover correlations between culture and religion on the one hand, and climate, topography, economics, genetics, etc. on the other hand. I know very little about ethnology, so I could not say whether Mr Harris' theses are controversial or up to speed. But I found his book very intriguing.
Sometimes I didn't like the choice of language, but since I read this book in a translation, I couldn't say if it was the writer's or the translator's choices. Also, the writing is very dense, and a few more pauses (i.e. paragraphs), or a more eye-friendly font / line spacing would have helped.
However, I am glad that I continued the read, as the historical information is really good. Some chapters were truly eye-opening, for example what the spread of Islam has to do with climatic aspects. The cannibalism chapter is also noteworthy. I liked the fact that Marvin Harris refrains from any personal judgement; instead, he takes his approach very seriously to uncover correlations between culture and religion on the one hand, and climate, topography, economics, genetics, etc. on the other hand. I know very little about ethnology, so I could not say whether Mr Harris' theses are controversial or up to speed. But I found his book very intriguing.
Sometimes I didn't like the choice of language, but since I read this book in a translation, I couldn't say if it was the writer's or the translator's choices. Also, the writing is very dense, and a few more pauses (i.e. paragraphs), or a more eye-friendly font / line spacing would have helped.
February 26, 2012
Sorry but Marvin Harris is an idiot... Marvin Harris says in Good to Eat that early hunter-gatherers derived 35% of their calories from meat which is four times the average per capita consumption of meat that Americans consume now. In addition, Harris states that “we seem to have descended from a long line of meat-hungry animals,” (Page 29). I disagree with this statement because if we look at our closest primate relatives, many are herbivores like the gorilla and those that are omnivorous like the chimpanzee eat meat rarely. In my opinion, early man’s diet must have consisted mostly of plant food because there has been evidence to show that humans were not as big of game hunters as we have previously thought. For example, archaeological sites which contain large animal bones are easier to locate than sites without bones. Therefore, there is a bias in the archaeological record to believe that early humans killed large amounts of game but that may be only a small part of the truth because artifacts related to gathering of plants would be less likely to remain in the archaeological record. Also there has been other evidence that shows that early humans were more likely scavengers rather than big game hunters themselves. Harris' protein theory is the stupidest and most asinine thing that I've ever heard.
July 6, 2021
I remembered reading Marvin Harris in college and being entranced by his clear explanations about why cultures made certain food choices.
I am fascinated by the value of animals vs. their use. Cultures where eating dogs is abhorrent vs. cultures where it is a necessity. Why milk? Where are all the horses going? Why don't we eat more pigs or fewer pigs?
I am fascinated by the value of animals vs. their use. Cultures where eating dogs is abhorrent vs. cultures where it is a necessity. Why milk? Where are all the horses going? Why don't we eat more pigs or fewer pigs?
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November 13, 2010forse un po' datato e quindi un po' "fuori tempo", ma da un punto di vista antropologico è inattaccabile.
e si scoprono cose assai interessanti legate alla religione, alle culture e al fatto che non si è mai sicuri di queli siano i veri animali che serve mangiare.
consigliatissimo.
e si scoprono cose assai interessanti legate alla religione, alle culture e al fatto che non si è mai sicuri di queli siano i veri animali che serve mangiare.
consigliatissimo.
December 27, 2016
Como todas las obras de Harris, muy entretenidas, sorprendentes, cautivadoras, pero en muchas ocasiones con teorías muy discutibles que sólo él (o su escuela) parece sostener.
August 6, 2018
Se è vero che l'uomo è onnivoro (e lo è), allora viene spontaneo domandarsi come mai alcuni popoli preferiscano determinati alimenti e ne detestino altri, o come sia possibile l'esistenza di veri e propri tabù alimentari su alcuni cibi che sono perfettamente accettati presso altre popolazioni.
Partendo da questi interrogativi, Marvin Harris indaga sulle origini delle misteriose consuetudini alimentari di ciascun popolo, risalendo alle motivazioni dietro le scelte apparentemente irrazionali che spingono ogni cultura a differenziarsi dalle altre riguardo all'alimentazione. Spoiler: non si tratta mai né di scelte casuali, né di bizzarrie legate a miti e religioni. C'è sempre una spiegazione razionale per tutto questo, e l'autore lo spiega perfettamente in questo breve saggio.
L'unica pecca del libro, a parte una certa propensione ad usare uno stile prolisso, è che si tratta di un'opera un po' datata e non aggiornata, ragion per cui non si tiene conto di alcune importanti scoperte recenti. Tuttavia le spiegazioni fornite restano valide e convincenti, e la lettura molto appassionante.
Consigliato.
Partendo da questi interrogativi, Marvin Harris indaga sulle origini delle misteriose consuetudini alimentari di ciascun popolo, risalendo alle motivazioni dietro le scelte apparentemente irrazionali che spingono ogni cultura a differenziarsi dalle altre riguardo all'alimentazione. Spoiler: non si tratta mai né di scelte casuali, né di bizzarrie legate a miti e religioni. C'è sempre una spiegazione razionale per tutto questo, e l'autore lo spiega perfettamente in questo breve saggio.
L'unica pecca del libro, a parte una certa propensione ad usare uno stile prolisso, è che si tratta di un'opera un po' datata e non aggiornata, ragion per cui non si tiene conto di alcune importanti scoperte recenti. Tuttavia le spiegazioni fornite restano valide e convincenti, e la lettura molto appassionante.
Consigliato.
April 16, 2022
Marvin harris con este libro nos lleva a un analisis sobre la religión, la politica, la geografia y los alimentos todo como un solo ente que se complementa en razón y en este caso en sazón.
Desde el ansia de comer carne, hasta su expresion mas catastrofica para la humanidad como lo es el canibalismo, este libro nos hace cuestionarnos cuanto de libre albedrío tenemos a la hora de comer lo que comemos, ¿por que comemos lo que comemos?.
Desde el ansia de comer carne, hasta su expresion mas catastrofica para la humanidad como lo es el canibalismo, este libro nos hace cuestionarnos cuanto de libre albedrío tenemos a la hora de comer lo que comemos, ¿por que comemos lo que comemos?.
September 15, 2017
Io però gli insetti non li mangio...
February 15, 2025
Maravilloso ensayo escrito a mediados del siglo XX tratando temas muy actuales. Ojalá hubiese podido estudiar las aberraciones en materia de nutrición que hay hoy en día.
January 7, 2025
Bastante interesante, explica porque se comen unas carnes y no otras dependiendo de la cultura y la historia de cada lugar. No le doy un 5 porqué para mí le falta algo, pero es recomendable
March 13, 2024
In Good to Eat, Harris sets out to explore the ‘rules’ of what is good to eat and what is not, for various cultures (and at different points of their histories) and to explain the basis for these rules. The practical, economical, often even biological, reasons for why a food becomes taboo or is elevated to the status of a delicacy. Most people tend to think that taboos (like beef for Hindus, pork for Jews and Muslims) are embedded in religion, but Harris goes further back, to show how those taboos were worked into religion in the first place. As he mentions at one point in the book:
“A Hindu cow not eaten provides oxen [for ploughing], milk and dung. It is apotheosized. A horse not eaten wins battles and plows fields. It is a noble creature. A pig not eaten is useless—it neither plows fields, gives milk, nor wins wars. Therefore it is abominated….”
In a similar tone, he explains the backgrounds to the many varied ideas across the world of what is good to eat and what is not.
I found this book immensely readable and interesting. Harris explains things in a solidly scientific way, with evidence drawing from multiple sources to prove his point. He’s lucid, he’s interesting, and he’s able to convey information in a way that a layperson like me would understand. Also, I appreciated that he is able to appreciate the fact that too much of what is ‘globally’ perceived as the truth is actually the truth only for the West.
On the whole, fascinating, and quite an eye-opener. I wonder, though, why no editor spotted the fact that Harris, on more than one occasion, refers to the Gadarene swine as Garadine; and Harris himself, given that his research seems to have been pretty extensive, should have known better than to refer to the people of Vedic India as the Vedas. They were not.
(Slightly longer and more detailed review here, at my blog: https://madhulikareads.wordpress.com/...)
“A Hindu cow not eaten provides oxen [for ploughing], milk and dung. It is apotheosized. A horse not eaten wins battles and plows fields. It is a noble creature. A pig not eaten is useless—it neither plows fields, gives milk, nor wins wars. Therefore it is abominated….”
In a similar tone, he explains the backgrounds to the many varied ideas across the world of what is good to eat and what is not.
I found this book immensely readable and interesting. Harris explains things in a solidly scientific way, with evidence drawing from multiple sources to prove his point. He’s lucid, he’s interesting, and he’s able to convey information in a way that a layperson like me would understand. Also, I appreciated that he is able to appreciate the fact that too much of what is ‘globally’ perceived as the truth is actually the truth only for the West.
On the whole, fascinating, and quite an eye-opener. I wonder, though, why no editor spotted the fact that Harris, on more than one occasion, refers to the Gadarene swine as Garadine; and Harris himself, given that his research seems to have been pretty extensive, should have known better than to refer to the people of Vedic India as the Vedas. They were not.
(Slightly longer and more detailed review here, at my blog: https://madhulikareads.wordpress.com/...)
March 25, 2010
Harris’ study focuses on debunking the notion that human foodways are irrational. He proposes mostly economic but occasionally sociological explanations for things that have often been attributed to the irrationality of tradition, and especially the irrationality of religion. Examples include the Hindus not eating beef (the economics of a crowded country), Jews and Muslims not eating pork (swine are too costly in the climates where these religions are concentrated), and the lack of dairy in Chinese and Japanese diets (it was unnecessary nutritionally because they acquired enough Vitamin D through sun and leafy greens, whereas Northern Europeans did not). Much of his explanations involve the rationality of eating that which provides the most calories and/or vitamins for the amount of effort required to produce the food, which he calls “optimal foraging” or something. It was an interesting enough book, but I’m hoping the next one I read by him (Cannibals and Kings) will be more a bit less dry and a bit more groundbreaking. Maybe I shouldn’t be reading anthropology books from twenty five years ago.
March 4, 2012
One of the things I really appreciate about this book is that Marvin Harris does a great deal to illustrate that people around the world don't have what some might consider to be irrational or unusual food taboos because they are ignorant, but instead because it makes sense in their situations. I would agree that humans are generally very rational and that it is perhaps very ethnocentric of us to immediately assume that folks are ignorant instead of acting in their best interests. This book is from the 1980s though so it does state some things that other recent work will disagree with and even fails to predict shifts in our own culture have changed since the writing (for example, many more people find veganism to be a successful and fulfilling way of eating). This is a well written and thoughtful introductory text for individuals interested in food taboos (even our own) and why people have them.
February 7, 2020
La lectura es fácil y fluida, uno se engancha rápido con el libro. Aunque es un ensayo serio sobre como los humanos elegimos lo que comemos a lo largo de nuestra historia, que esta lleno de datos, cifras, anécdotas e información histórica; la verdad se siente más como hablar con un viajero que se ha sentado en muchas mesas a comer. El libro ya tiene varios años, lo cual se refleja en algunos análisis que se hacen y algunas cifras que se presentan que hoy en día se puede controvertir. Me parece que una de las falencias grandes que tiene es que no aborda la elección humana por el vegetarianismo (se menciona brevemente en algunos capítulos) y no se reconoce el valor nutritivo de las dietas vegetarianas. Al final el libro te atrapa, te pone en los pies de diferentes culturas y nos hace pensar como las decisiones de lo que comemos han contribuido a construir nuestras sociedades, inclusive si esto implica comernos a nosotros mismos.
May 7, 2013
Ammetto di aver iniziato un po' a rilento, ma una volta entrata nell'ottica giusta questo saggio è stato una rivelazione!
Perchè certi animali in certi luoghi sono dei tabù, mentre in altri sono vere e proprie leccornie?
Quali sono le motivazioni culturali che portano determinate religioni a puntare il dito contro alcuni cibi?
Quando noi occidentali abbiamo iniziato a pensare con orrore agli insetti come cibo? E perchè non ci mangiamo i nostri cari animali da compagnia?
Come mai alcuni popoli trovano il latte una bevanda aberrante e molti altri addirittura non lo assimilano affatto?
Insomma, se siete curiosi riguardo alle abitudini alimentari nostre e del resto del mondo e volete cercarci una ragione scientifica, questo libro è per voi indispensabile!! :-)
Perchè certi animali in certi luoghi sono dei tabù, mentre in altri sono vere e proprie leccornie?
Quali sono le motivazioni culturali che portano determinate religioni a puntare il dito contro alcuni cibi?
Quando noi occidentali abbiamo iniziato a pensare con orrore agli insetti come cibo? E perchè non ci mangiamo i nostri cari animali da compagnia?
Come mai alcuni popoli trovano il latte una bevanda aberrante e molti altri addirittura non lo assimilano affatto?
Insomma, se siete curiosi riguardo alle abitudini alimentari nostre e del resto del mondo e volete cercarci una ragione scientifica, questo libro è per voi indispensabile!! :-)
March 14, 2014
conosco persone per cui tutto quello che è commestibile è cibo. altre che schifano quasi tutto, altre che mangiano e non sanno perché. probabilmente anche per le singole persone e non solo per le culture si può fare lo stesso esercizio, e capire il motivo di certi rifiuti o preferenze.
non ci avevo mai pensato, che non ci sono animali carnivori tra quelli allevati per essere mangiati. purtroppo risente un po' dell'età, negli ultimi trent'anni il mondo è un po' cambiato, ma è comunuqe interessante.
(una stella in meno per la pessima traduzione)
libro gemellato con:
Armi,_acciaio_e_malattie
non ci avevo mai pensato, che non ci sono animali carnivori tra quelli allevati per essere mangiati. purtroppo risente un po' dell'età, negli ultimi trent'anni il mondo è un po' cambiato, ma è comunuqe interessante.
(una stella in meno per la pessima traduzione)
libro gemellato con:
Armi,_acciaio_e_malattie
February 2, 2014
Rispetto a "Cannibali e Re" questo "Buono da Mangiare" è lievemente inferiore. Certamente si concentra maggiormente sul cibo e sull'evoluzione della cultura alimentare delle società e civiltà umane, ma manca di approfondire l'aspetto storico come invece faceva "Cannibali e Re". Resta una lettura più che buona, che apre la mente come solo divulgatori come Marvin Harris o Jared Diamond sanno fare.
February 2, 2015
"Invecchiando, i buddhisti diventano molto scrupolosi nell'osservanza del divieto di uccisione degli animali, ma sanno sempre trovare qualcuno che assolva a questa sporca bisogna in loro vece." (Marvin Harris)
November 14, 2010
ho imparato tantissime cose sugli Hamburger, sul cibarsi di carne di cavallo, sulla Quaresima.
March 4, 2017
a very straightforward book about we eat what we eat in different countries. And the evolutions of carnivorous habits from different countries. Worth the read...
April 11, 2018
Vacche e maiali celano segreti incredibili!
June 12, 2019
Oh boyy I've been out of touch with social anthropological theory for so long I had forgotten how much I hated cultural materialism.
August 8, 2019
Fascinating and unsettling
Harris is a gifted writer of expository prose who knows how to connect with his readership. Nonetheless some of this is a little depressing since it is about eating insects and human beings. If you can get past that, it's fascinating.
"Warfare cannibalism" is a concept encountered here. That's what the Aztecs practiced. Harris explains it all. Modern states don't practice cannibalism because the power structure benefits more from keeping the vanquished alive and producing for the state. Before the rise of the state, the bands and village societies had not the bureaucracy nor the technology to take advantage of the labor of prisoners and slaves, so it was more cost effective to eat them. And they did. Before reading Harris I used to think the Conquistadors were horrible and I despised the Spanish state and all of Christendom; however now that I know the nature of the savages of America, it's six of one and half a dozen of the other. Harris makes it clear that we don't eat horsemeat because the horse is less effective at turning grass into meat than ruminants and so horse meat would be more expensive than beef. He shows how horses were extremely valuable as instruments of war. Calvary troops easily defeated infantry. He recalls the Asiatic pastorales who became the mongrel hoards who learned to ride their little horses so effectively that they conquered vast areas from China to Europe. They would ride practically from birth, more on a horse than off. They kept several horses in a caravan and cut the artery in the horse's neck on a ten-day or so rotation and drank the blood. They rode their horses until they dropped and then ate them, but only then.
The Europeans learned from them to use the horse as an instrument of war. The European horses were breed much larger to hold a man and a hundred pounds of armor, and to pull wagons and plows. Horses were only eaten after the horse was too old to work. It became a clear status symbol to own horses, and so eating horseflesh became something the upper classes would never do, but something the lower classes were sometimes reduced to.
Meat hunger and fat hunger have been facts of life for humans for the millennia. Our populations have always increased to the point that meat and fat became hard to get for the poorer people, and in many cases, impossible. Reading Harris makes one believe that the single most important detriment to human well-being is overpopulation. Again and again humans overwhelmed their resources. Today we have so much here in America while in India and places like that most people are hungry, especially for meat and fat. It is only the amazing explosion in technology and the use of fossil fuels that has allowed the current population growth. Still we have too many people.
Insects are eaten by most societies, but seldom as an important source of protein because the supply is unstable. Monkeys that jump from branch to branch eating a bite of fruit and then throwing it down and grabbing another to eat just a bite or two before discarding it are actually looking for insects. They want the apple with the worm in it! Humans typically eat insects that swarm or are otherwise in large supply at once. When the locusts come you might as well eat them because they won't be leaving much plant food to eat. But it is in the tropical climes that most insects are eaten since jungles do not provide a convenient large-animal, ruminant source of meat to satisfy protein needs. Locusts and grubs, termites and ants, especially the fat-rich sexual forms, are the best insects to eat. The giant water bug of Southeast Asian is much prized. Eating insects would provide essential protein, if we would do it, and we would, if it were necessary. The chitin of the skeletons cannot be digested, but that is a minor problem. Some people roast and/or boil the insects and then pick off the legs before ingesting. Eating water bugs is apparently a little like eating a small lobster. They pick out the flesh with little sticks.
If you haven't read Marvin Harris, you are missing one of the great writers from anthropology.
--Dennis Littrell, author of “The World Is Not as We Think It Is”
Harris is a gifted writer of expository prose who knows how to connect with his readership. Nonetheless some of this is a little depressing since it is about eating insects and human beings. If you can get past that, it's fascinating.
"Warfare cannibalism" is a concept encountered here. That's what the Aztecs practiced. Harris explains it all. Modern states don't practice cannibalism because the power structure benefits more from keeping the vanquished alive and producing for the state. Before the rise of the state, the bands and village societies had not the bureaucracy nor the technology to take advantage of the labor of prisoners and slaves, so it was more cost effective to eat them. And they did. Before reading Harris I used to think the Conquistadors were horrible and I despised the Spanish state and all of Christendom; however now that I know the nature of the savages of America, it's six of one and half a dozen of the other. Harris makes it clear that we don't eat horsemeat because the horse is less effective at turning grass into meat than ruminants and so horse meat would be more expensive than beef. He shows how horses were extremely valuable as instruments of war. Calvary troops easily defeated infantry. He recalls the Asiatic pastorales who became the mongrel hoards who learned to ride their little horses so effectively that they conquered vast areas from China to Europe. They would ride practically from birth, more on a horse than off. They kept several horses in a caravan and cut the artery in the horse's neck on a ten-day or so rotation and drank the blood. They rode their horses until they dropped and then ate them, but only then.
The Europeans learned from them to use the horse as an instrument of war. The European horses were breed much larger to hold a man and a hundred pounds of armor, and to pull wagons and plows. Horses were only eaten after the horse was too old to work. It became a clear status symbol to own horses, and so eating horseflesh became something the upper classes would never do, but something the lower classes were sometimes reduced to.
Meat hunger and fat hunger have been facts of life for humans for the millennia. Our populations have always increased to the point that meat and fat became hard to get for the poorer people, and in many cases, impossible. Reading Harris makes one believe that the single most important detriment to human well-being is overpopulation. Again and again humans overwhelmed their resources. Today we have so much here in America while in India and places like that most people are hungry, especially for meat and fat. It is only the amazing explosion in technology and the use of fossil fuels that has allowed the current population growth. Still we have too many people.
Insects are eaten by most societies, but seldom as an important source of protein because the supply is unstable. Monkeys that jump from branch to branch eating a bite of fruit and then throwing it down and grabbing another to eat just a bite or two before discarding it are actually looking for insects. They want the apple with the worm in it! Humans typically eat insects that swarm or are otherwise in large supply at once. When the locusts come you might as well eat them because they won't be leaving much plant food to eat. But it is in the tropical climes that most insects are eaten since jungles do not provide a convenient large-animal, ruminant source of meat to satisfy protein needs. Locusts and grubs, termites and ants, especially the fat-rich sexual forms, are the best insects to eat. The giant water bug of Southeast Asian is much prized. Eating insects would provide essential protein, if we would do it, and we would, if it were necessary. The chitin of the skeletons cannot be digested, but that is a minor problem. Some people roast and/or boil the insects and then pick off the legs before ingesting. Eating water bugs is apparently a little like eating a small lobster. They pick out the flesh with little sticks.
If you haven't read Marvin Harris, you are missing one of the great writers from anthropology.
--Dennis Littrell, author of “The World Is Not as We Think It Is”
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