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Khul-Khaal: Five Egyptian Women Tell Their Stories

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"Our people prefer boys, because a girl's life is difficult. It's difficult in every sore of family and among all nationalities. A girl's life is not like a man's life. She has no assurance of being happy in her marriage. And her main purpose in life is to marry and to have children. A girl's and a woman's lives are a trial whatever happens. I don't know why."—Om Gad Their stories are fresh and vivid, recording the various roles of being co-wife in a polygamous marriage, the complications of divorce, the rituals of female circumcision and marriage, the loss of children, life-long hate and its source, the position of witchcraft and superstition in their daily lives, primitive health practices, and managing a family's meager resources, including the gold or silver khul-khaal anklets worn by married women. These self-portraits are fascinating reading and a mine of information for anyone interested in understanding contemporary Egyptian life. A foreword by anthropologist Andrea Rugh and photographs by Asma el-Bakry are included.

208 pages, Paperback

First published September 1, 1982

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About the author

Nayra Atiya

8 books11 followers
Nayra Atiya is an American oral historian, writer, and translator born in Egypt. She is the author of Khul-Khaal: Five Egyptian Women Tell Their Stories (1984,) winner of the UNICEF Prize, and Shahaama: Five Egyptian Men Tell Their Stories (2016)

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5 stars
101 (26%)
4 stars
141 (36%)
3 stars
111 (28%)
2 stars
25 (6%)
1 star
9 (2%)
Displaying 1 - 30 of 49 reviews
Profile Image for Jalilah.
419 reviews108 followers
January 6, 2024
if it were possible to give this book 10 stars I would!
It is one of my favourites that I have enjoyed time and time again.
This book presents another side of Egypt that most tourists will never experience. In fact many middle and upper class Egyptians I know were shocked by some of the things in this book. But what really strikes me is that all 5 of the real life protagonists Om Gad, Alice,Suda, Dunya, and Om Naeema are wonderful strong women who I would love to be friends and hang out with.
I first read this book not long after it was written in 1985. I have always wondered what happened to these women, in particular Dunya. I wish Atiya would write a sequel
Profile Image for MarzTrm.
67 reviews31 followers
May 21, 2020
پنج زن مصری داستان زندگی‌شان را تعریف می‌کنند. برای من روایت‌هایی که از طرز زندگی زنان در خاورمیانه صحبت می‌کنند، خیلی جالب است. بعضی از جنبه‌های زندگی این زنان هم بی‌شباهت به زنان اینجا و به خصوص زنان ساکن در جزیره‌های جنوبی ایران نیست.
Profile Image for Kipahni.
489 reviews45 followers
January 18, 2012
This book was written 27 years ago. But is still mirrors situations of today.
If you want to know what life is like living in upper small village Egypt- this is what is looks like (even though the stories are of Cairo, low class. Today Cairo and lower Egypt are much more modern and it is upper egypt and the villages that are still superstitious, traditional and religious)
This is what it life looks like for women in my village. I am different being a westerner and educated, so I didn't go through some of the "rites" that my sisters have, but I have seen them.
FGM is still practiced though not as popular as it once was. You still have to show the virgins cloth on your wedding night. Woman still struggle to get ahead while balancing their role as mothers. Superstitions and "wise men/women" are still consulted in areas of love and revenge.Honor killings, Family Feuds, Feasts, and Poverty are real issues.
What I appriciated was some of the more in depth explaining in the book especially in the sayings. It is hard to understand a saying when you don't really grasp a language well (like fil mish-mish which transliterated means "in peaches" but when used in a sentence is means, never-ever)
Profile Image for Nermeen .
6 reviews2 followers
August 10, 2014
Although, I am an Egyptian woman who has lived in Egypt all my life, I was totally surprised from information in this book, the reason is mainly the selection of the ladies to tell the story about, all the women happen to be from lower middle class or lower class which gives a very false image about life of Egyptian women. Details about the racial discrimination is completely untrue, the skin color was never an issue in any of the circles that I was involved in throughout my life. I personally know a lot of couples who have one member black and another white, with no effect whatsoever on their relationship. Also, strong indications that black magic and superstitions are the drive in rural and even urban societies, this as well is completely untrue, it might exist but not with the huge magnitude that is mentioned in the book.
30 reviews10 followers
February 2, 2016
Eye-opening indeed! Although it was written a long time ago the stories are still the same, every-day Egyptian women face the same struggles. What fascinated me was how a lot of their struggles were self-inflicted. The role of women seems to not only be enforced by men but the women themselves.
Which brings up the question, how do you help somebody if they're convinced that their way of life is the only right way? How do you pull them out of their suffering if they insist on digging themselves deeper?
Profile Image for Nour.
87 reviews24 followers
August 2, 2015
I felt that the same story was exhausted five times by different women living in slightly different socio-economic backgrounds. Some bits were interesting, and tidbits of egyptian knowledge and customs is what kept me going with this book, but none of the characters stood out enough for me to be able to differentiate between them after a while. I kept getting confused as to who's narrative I was reading.
Profile Image for Emma.
56 reviews1 follower
August 23, 2013


حالة من الشّلليّة امام القدر كما يُعرّفنه او النظام الابوي الذكوري الطبقي كما اّعرّفه
عالم من الالم بين هذه الصفحات--لا اعرف ايهما الاكثر ايلاما: واقع هؤلاء النسوة ام عجزهن عن ادراك وحشيته وتوحدهن مع الغريم المعتدي على اجسادهن وافكارهن واحلامهن....

Profile Image for mim T.
57 reviews5 followers
May 7, 2021
روایت زن‌هایی که همگی در کودکی ختنه شدند‌، در کودکی ازدواج کردند، بچه‌دار شدند( هر چه تعداد فرزندان پسر بیشتر پرافتخارتر).
تمام روایت‌ها نشان می‌دهد چقدر یک فرهنگ و سنت می‌تواند آسیب‌زا باشد.
نکته‌ی تاسف‌برانگیز و غمگین این‌که هنوز در ایران بخصوص جزیره قشم و اطراف هم هنوز زن‌ها را ختنه می‌کنند و حتی بالاترین آمار ختنه‌ی زنان در خاورمیانه را دارد.
Profile Image for wizard.
14 reviews
March 5, 2026
This book is a narration of the lives of five women living in the Egyptian countryside in the 80s. It is a horrorstory, each one of them truly a horrorstory. Where do I even start? The circumcisions, rituals in marriage consummation, forced marriages, magic, jealousies…. And how all of the women are severely maltreated by men. All the while I was thinking, why why why, why must men take so much pleasure in doing harm to women.

My favourite part was when Dunya, one of the women telling her story, beat her then-husband multiple times with a slipper after he treated her like garbage for weeks. This was the only joy i felt during the reading.
Profile Image for Vicki.
857 reviews63 followers
October 31, 2010
On any given bookshelf, you're bound to have The Unread. In my experience, these books fall into several categories: books you were very excited about when you bought them, but have - for no apparent reason - lost their lustre and now rest at the tail end of your mental to read list; books that you feel like you should read but are never in the mood to read; books meant to warn the reader about the perils of political policy that is no longer in place; and books that are a complete mystery as to what they're about, when and where you got them, and why you still have them.

Khul-Khaal falls into the last category for me. My best guess is that when I moved from Brooklyn, this book was in the stack of things left behind by some unknown former roommate, and me being me, I couldn't bear to leave a book behind. But I didn't get around to reading it until this week. It is exactly what it claims to be: 5 women telling their life stories in their own words in about 35 pages each. The women are of different races, faiths, and classes, but what's interesting is how close to identical their lives are. Some of it is very depressing, some of it is unexpectedly funny or heartwarming, all of it is freaking FASCINATING.
Profile Image for Dara Meneses.
9 reviews
February 23, 2026
A través de cinco historias provenientes de contextos diversos, la autora recopila testimonios narrados de forma oral, altamente poética sin intencionarlo, que se sienten honestos, íntimos y poderosos.

Los relatos están situados una cotidianidad llena de tradición, profecías, responsabilidades familiares, honor, luto, luchas, brujería, roles de género, expectativas sociales y nociones de destino. Aunque es durante los 70s —una época en la que la mutilación genital femenina y los matrimonios arreglados eran realidades crudas y frecuentes, el libro aborda temas que siguen siendo esenciales para comprender la experiencia femenina bajón sistemas patriarcales.

Lo más valioso para mí fue la deconstrucción de mi propia mirada occidental. Estas historias me permitieron entender mejor la complejidad de la estructura familiar egipcia y reconocer que, en ciertos espacios, muchas mujeres tenían muchas más libertades en torno al amor, el dinero y sus propios destinos de lo que había imaginado. El libro me obligó a cuestionar mis prejuicios y a comprender que el feminismo y la autonomía adoptan múltiples formas, ninguna de ellas universal.
Profile Image for Menna Kh..
175 reviews65 followers
November 13, 2011
I rated the book 3 out of 5 stars for certain reasons;
The first reason is that the book sums up the Egyptian woman in the weak & fragile persona that is raised in an ignorant environment that forms a woman to be nothing than a sex slave and a servant to all who surrounds her.
Secondly, I didn't like the narration of the book, as it was unnecessarily entwined.
A non Egyptian reader might think that the Egyptian woman is nothing but a mere copy of the 5 women in the book and that would be a disaster.

The book is about the sector of Women in the Egyptian society who are exposed to harsh traditions and stiff minds of a patriarchal society that uses Religion in a twisted way to assure the dictatorship of men.

It is useful to read as one can know many things about the folklore and traditions of the Egyptian society as an overall.
Profile Image for Sara Hosseini.
168 reviews65 followers
January 17, 2017
دنیا - یکی از 5 راوی کتاب- ماجرای شب ازاله ی بکارتش را اینطور تعریف می کند:
...و زمانی که خون را دیدم وحشی تر شدم و داد زدم: «حرامزاده ها، بگذارید بروم، چرا یک سوراخ در من درست کردید، چرا سوراخم کردید، بگذارید بروم.»
کتاب پر از چنین توصیف هایی است که جهان بینی راویانش را نشان می دهد، واکنش آنها نسبت به اتفاقات ریز و درشت جهان پیرامونشان را بی کم و کاست و بی جهت دهی بیان می کند، زبان سرراستی دارد، ترجمه اش خوب است و درمجموع کتاب خوشخوان و فوق العاده ای است. خدا نشر کاروان را هم بیامرزد.
Profile Image for Michelle.
1,587 reviews285 followers
July 19, 2018
Read this for a book club meet in Egypt which was interesting. While i didnt enjoy it overly, its a good book for lively discussions.
Profile Image for Radosław Magiera.
770 reviews16 followers
August 27, 2022
„Khul-khaal. Bransolety Egipcjanek”, to książka bardzo odmienna od innych. Wyróżnia się już choćby tym, iż zanim przejdziemy do meritum, czekają nas trzy przedmowy, czy jak kto woli wprowadzenia. To, co w innej publikacji mogłoby śmieszyć, w tej nie tylko nie razi, ale wręcz wydaje się potrzebną, idealnie dopasowaną częścią całości. Każdy wstęp ma innego autora i z nieco innej perspektywy odnosi się do właściwej treści oraz jej tematyki. Każdy jest na swój osób interesujący, wyważony i dopełnia dalszą część lektury.


Nayea Atiya, autorka książki, ma wiele wspólnego zarówno ze światem Zachodu (a konkretnie Francją), jak i Egiptu. Jednak nie dzieli się z nami swoimi spostrzeżeniami, przeżyciami ani przemyśleniami. Na zasadniczą część jej publikacji, poza wspomnianymi trzema prolegomenami, składają się opowieści pięciu kobiet, pięciu Egipcjanek. Poza przynależnością państwową i płcią nic ich nie łączy. Nie wszystkie są muzułmankami, nie wszystkie pochodzą z najuboższych warstw społeczeństwa. Nie mają tego samego koloru skóry, umiejętności ani wykształcenia. Nie znają jedna drugiej. Nie łączą ich upodobania ani pragnienia. No może poza jednym. Poza marzeniem o szczęściu w małżeństwie.

Znajdziecie w „Bransoletach Egipcjanek", poza wspomnieniowymi opisami własnych dziejów pięciu głównych bohaterek, wiele faktów obalających powszechny nie tylko w Europie pogląd, iż kobieta w świecie arabskim jest niczym; jest permanentnie bita i poniżana. Jej pozycja jest inna, ale czy słabsza niż w naszej, europejskiej rzeczywistości, to już sprawa mocno dyskusyjna.

„Khul-khaal” nie jest lekturą porywającą. Nie wciąga i nie odrywa od zajęć. By ją ocenić trzeba wybrać spokojny czas, zrelaksować się i poddać rytmowi tych pięciu opowieści. Każda toczy się w innym tempie. Każda kobieta opowiada o swym życiu własnym językiem i w specyficznej, właściwej dla niej manierze. Wielka chwała Nayea Atiyi oraz tłumaczce* za to, że potrafiły oddać niepowtarzalny klimat każdej z tych gawęd i zachować prawdziwość tchnącą z każdej historii. Jedne z nich czyta się łatwiej, inne trudniej. Jedne są bardziej chronologiczne, inne to galimatias retrospekcji i refleksji. Jednak lektura wszystkich jest prawdziwą ucztą. Pozwala się nam przenieść do Egiptu i wysłuchać tych zwierzeń jakby bezpośrednio. Nie czuje się ingerencji pośredników i można dzielić radość i rozpacz, ból, strach i szczęście. Wszystko, co się wydarzyło i co zostało nam opowiedziane.

„Bransolety Egipcjanek” nie są dobrą rozrywką. Jeśli chcecie się zrelaksować po ciężkim dniu, odstresować po rozmowie z podwładnymi albo z szefem, nie jest to lektura dla Was. Jeśli jednak macie nastrój na niespieszną pogawędkę o życiu, jaką można wieść z przyjacielem nie widzianym od lat, który jakiś czas temu powrócił po długiej nieobecności, to jest to właściwa opowieść.

Khul-khaal nie jest źródłem rzetelnej wiedzy o przeciętnych Egipcjankach, o ile coś takiego w ogóle istnieje. Stereotypy nie występują w przyrodzie, a zwłaszcza wśród ludzi. Książka Atiyi jest jednak źródłem wiedzy prawdziwej i konkretnej. Jednostkowej. O dziejach tych właśnie kobiet, ich rodzin i znajomych. Także o charakterystycznych dla środowiska bohaterek mechanizmów społecznych. Oczywiście to spojrzenie jak najbardziej subiektywne, wypaczone przez braki wykształcenia, a nawet ewidentne zabobony, lecz tym bardziej przez to właśnie prawdziwe. Bo te kobiety właśnie tak widzą otaczający je świat, który bez nich przecież by nie istniał. Liczby i statystyki przefiltrowane przez bezuczuciowy mózg naukowca nie budzą współczucia, nie prowadzą czytelnika do osobistych przemyśleń i refleksji na temat rzeczy być może w życiu najważniejszych; rodziny, miłości, dzieci, seksu, pieniędzy. No i celu życia oczywiście. Również braku uniwersalności praw ludzkich i Boskich; zwłaszcza moralnych.

Jeśli znajdziecie czas na tę lekturę, na pewno nie pożałujecie. Choć nie da Wam instant rozrywki, da wiele do myślenia. Pozwoli też osiągnąć pewien rodzaj pełnej harmonii kontemplacji różnorodnych aspektów naszej coraz bardziej poplątanej rzeczywistości i uspokajającej refleksji o marności naszych problemów, o czym z przekonaniem Was zapewniam

recenzja pierwotnie opublikowana na blogu, dokąd zapraszam na wymianę wrażeń z lektury i nie tylko http://klub-aa.blogspot.com/2012/04/k...
Profile Image for Asaria.
977 reviews71 followers
July 26, 2019
Książka opisuje prawdziwe historie pięciu Egipcjanek, które opowiedziały swoje życie autorce. Ich losy są przesiąknięte kulturą egipską i jej problemami, wierzeniami oraz tradycjami. Mam wrażenie, że czasami presja społeczeństwa jest tam silniejsza niż zdrowy rozsądek, ale dla tych kobiet ta sytuacja jest normalna. To co dla nas jest nie do pomyślenia - obrzezanie czy wiara w magię i zabobony, dla nich jest codziennością. Z drugiej strony, w ich opowieściach przebija się pewna siła charakteru, są osobami, z którymi z przyjemnością człowiek by spędził czas.

Natomiast kilka kwestii pozostaje dla mnie szokujących. To kobiety najczęściej są odpowiedzialne za utrzymywanie starego ładu, potrafią uczynić z życia piekło. W tych historiach przemoc wystepuje na porządku dziennym.

Nie dziwi mnie wysoka śmiertelność wśród dzieci, skoro wydają 13-14 latki za swoich własnych kuzynów z pierwszej linii. Poza tym, jak można nazwać inaczej jeżeli nie gwałtem noc poślubną, gdy dziewczynka nie ma pojęcia o tym co się z nią dzieje i co się jej robi,?
Profile Image for Monzy.
85 reviews8 followers
October 28, 2023
Always a pleasure and a privilege to hear people’s stories.
Although published in the 80s, its still a relevant piece of work that provides insight into the working class egyptian’s psyche. I would have loved more diversity in social classes but from the foreword, this came together by chance and despite mostly interviewing working class women there was a great diversity between them.

What struck me the most was the women’s insightfulness. The govt is doing a disservice to its people by keeping them poor and uneducated. Several women echoed the importance of education and how it changed their children’s circumstances.

One thing this book made me want more of is a deep dive into egyptian folklore magic. Om Naeema’s chapter was especially interesting because it was filled with hexes and curses and head scratching rituals and wives tales.. all this should be persevered.
896 reviews54 followers
January 10, 2025
Surprising.
Interesting anthropological and ethnological account, although it has to be understood in context: just five RANDOM egyptian women speak, orally, about their lives and worries. Anyway, It shouldn't be taken as the average experience of the egyptian women, but, however, it shows many striking points about how this culture might understand topics such as divorce, love or gender.

In any case, few times one has the chance to listen to honest claims about how life makes sense for a different culture. But be warned: these stories don't represent the diversity of Egypt.
Profile Image for Tiffany.
501 reviews9 followers
February 22, 2021
It is a privilege to read the personal stories of people. It is so intimate and revealing. Each of the five women in this book share their stories about their childhoods, losing fathers, struggles in marriage, dealing with poverty, bearing children, losing children, and living. I was so moved by the individual stories-by the courage exhibited by each woman living her life.

Reading this book gave me a new perspective about my own experiences in Egypt.
Profile Image for Nora Ayad.
22 reviews
August 27, 2025
This book haunts me lowkey. Makes me grateful for my anatomy, my luxury and ease of life, and my ability to have joy and pleasure. I’ve never experienced horrific acts against me like all of the women recall. Many times my eyes went wide and I hated reading some of the passages. Everything that happened to these women was told so plainly and matter of fact that the read was fast. I’m going to be processing this book for a while.
Profile Image for Tilly.
808 reviews
August 25, 2018
Δυσκολο, στενοχωρο βιβλιο.
Μεσα απο σκοταδισμο, μισογυνισμο, θρησκοληψια και προληψεις οι αιγυπτιες γυναικες γινονται ωμες, υλιστριες, συμφεροντολογες και τελικα μαθαινουν ότι ζωη σημαινει ατελειωτη ταλαιπωρια χωρις κανενα ανταλλαγμα.
Δε μπορω να τις κατηγορησω για την σκληροτητα και τιν κυνισμο τους επειδη το περιβαλλον τους τις εκανε ετσι.
5 reviews
February 10, 2024
Gives an insight in Egyptian women life and I hope a lot has changed since. The book has interesting bits about superstition and traditions and every story covers the same events of woman's life - circumcision, first wedding night, life afterwards, their children and their fate. This book makes you to appreciate being born outside of Egypt and away from these traditions.
298 reviews
March 21, 2026
Harrowing stories of 5 rural women in 1980's Egypt. Having returned recently from that part of the world, I'm glad things have progressed somewhat, but saddened a lot of the challenges of being a woman in these situations remain today.
Profile Image for Lizzie.
129 reviews
December 11, 2021
These women are all very strong and their stories were really interesting to read. I wish there was a sequel since I’d love to know what happened with them
Profile Image for Lama Abdel Barr.
11 reviews
February 22, 2024
Eye-opening. It was a tough read. The characters are powerful and compelling though I wish they were somewhat more diverse as they did blend into each other quite a bit.
Profile Image for Yara Hatem.
243 reviews53 followers
July 5, 2019
The most accurate term for this book is probably 'powerful'! Each character has their own story, their own struggle yet in the end they all share one main struggle: being a female. The way the author has kept the women's own style of telling their stories, made me feel as if they were talking to me directly. I felt deeply touched by some of the stories as it hit home. Khuul-Khal is a very moving book that you can’t and won’t be able to shake off for quite sometime as it’s the words of real people so you can’t go on and pretend that it’s fiction!⁣⁣
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Profile Image for Tito Quiling, Jr..
309 reviews39 followers
November 14, 2016
I have to admit that I was drawn to this book because of the cover art while rummaging through BookSale on afternoon. In addition, having been written by a Language and Literature major who is delving into anthropology and cultural studies (as the bionote states), are plus points as well. For Nayra Atiya, looking into the lives of these women, mostly from the lower and middle class strata, is a way of recording history, particularly the voices of those who remain contained in a rigid culture.

We stand as witnesses to the stories of the wife of a garagekeeper, a charity worker, a housekeeper, a fisherwoman, and a small-time businessperson. From their narratives, we find similarities of living in 20th century Middle East, which from the revision of the manuscript, I assume, seems to be closer to the 1800s rather than the 2000s. And while there are certain limitations as far as representing the purported voices of Egyptian women, we might want to consider those who have even less of a chance to get their views out there based on socioeconomic conditions rather than a generic standpoint.
Profile Image for Maetta.
240 reviews2 followers
September 7, 2015
This was an illuminating book regarding the life of women in Egypt - how they perceive themselves, how the village perceives them, how they perceive others and react in accordance. One common theme was women had very little value and were not educated. Why when if a husband loves you, you do not go outside the home? That is a sign that he cares. The women are kept ignorant and marry very young sometimes before puberty. I felt sorry for all of them. All the haranguing, the insults, abuse and the venom between first and subsequent wives. Another common theme in these stories was how they had to be circumcised because it was tradition, because it would keep passion down, and to prevent a woman growing a piece like a man(?!). Yep, they said it. There was also lots of evil eye, hexes and magic.

I gave it 5 stars because these are literal stories in first person accounts.
Displaying 1 - 30 of 49 reviews