By turns, gripping, horrifying, and mesmerizing, Solmaz Sharif's book, Customs, places her among the most relevant voices of our time.
From "An Otherwise":
Downwind, I walked the wide hallways
of a great endowment.
It didn't matter if I did or didn't,
It changed only myself, the doing.
It fed down to one knuckle
then the next, this compromise.
It fed down to one frequency
and another, leaving me only a scrambled sound.
It would burn your fingertips
to walk the length of the hall
dragging them along the grass-papered walls
where they punished you
for not
wanting enough. For not wanting
to be nonbelligerent
by naming the terms
for belligerence.
The shellacked
shelves, the softly shaking
pens in their pencase.
What was given there
could be taken, and
quietly, you were reminded of this.
You were reminded all
was property of the West.
The mess of a raven's nest
built behind a donor's great bust
then gone.
The mess of bird shit on the steps
then gone. All dismantled and scrubbed
sensibility. And this was it.
This nowhere.
My school of resentment commenced.
----------------------------------------
Reviewers have used the title of Ms. Sharif's book as a way of introducing its themes, which, in part, involve the refugee/immigrant experience: individuals that war, political or economic circumstances have forced to live in an inhospitable land, with no prospect for either welcome assimilation or the return to a (now unwelcome) homeland. Thus, "customs" flourish as a fitting metaphor to explore the subject matter with a multilayered approach, approximating the experience of Borges' "Aleph", the nominal addressee of a couple of the introductory epistolary poems.
Although many excellent reviews have been written on Customs, I have not yet read any that speak to Sharif's use of Julia Kristeva's concept of abjection to illustrate the contempt and inner revulsion that accompanies the present-day refugee/immigrant experience. In the second poem, "Beauty", Sharif makes a passing reference to Kristeva's Black Sun: Depression and Melancholia ("Frugal musicality is how Kristeva described depression's speech"). Yet, in Powers of Horror: An Essay on Abjection, Kristeva uses the "border" as a metaphor for separating life from death, the clean from unclean, the "I" from the "Other". When the border breaks down, the individual experiences the nausea and (conversely) the sublimity of becoming that which is normally reviled and excluded. Examples of abjection abound in Customs, and these are not at all strictly limited to the immigrant experience, even if precipitated from it. The book's final section, aptly entitled "An Otherwise"(a small part of which I have quoted above) refers to what I call "academic abjection", where the "school of resentment" begins under the auspices of a presumably desirable academic endowment that expects the immigrant poet (as either student or teacher) to knuckle under, to be submissively grateful and by all means "nonbelligerent" (in other words, "to not make trouble") in a world that defines belligerence as unacceptable without exception. The foreigner is thus disentitled from exercising her right to dissent, a right that any American citizen has, making full assimilation impossible. The same inner conflict (which I call "poetic abjection") is expressed in "Patronage", which illustrates the ironic position of the poet who, lacking the mass adulation and monetary rewards of a rock star, must therefore find safe harbor in servile posturing. The poet is therefore cultivated as a "poodle" to simultaneously perform her tricks in poems that amuse, flatter, or not-so-secretly mock her patrons, who represent her "meat" (which I construe as both "food" and "fodder"). The resentment and guilt associated with the "other" in a foreign land are manifest through abjection in the emotional overlay that typifies many of the poems in Customs. Nevertheless, the collection ends on a faint note of hope, with the poet drawn toward "this otherwise", passing through a "door" to the next stage and a better life:
I wipe clean my blade
I tap at the door
I pass through there so that
The import of this finale is rendered ambiguous by ellipsis. Somehow, we want to feel positive about this development, that the statement "Enough, I said" on the penultimate page marks a turn toward acceptance which, among other things, is reinforced by the late references to the cypress, a symbol of death and mourning, but also of purification and hope.
One can only wish Sharif the best of all futures as a poet and teacher. Rage on, Solmaz. You are a rock star, like it or not.