1643., England. Thomas Treadwater comes home from the battlefield to his sister's aid. Their father is gravely ill, and one of their maids, Chrissa Moore, could be at fault. Thomas's sister, Esther, claims Chrissa is a witch who seduced their father and cast a spell on him, which caused his ailment. Four days later, Thomas wakes up from a coma, having fallen from the stairs. The physician tending to his father explains his father, unfortunately, succumbed to his illness, leaving Thomas in charge of the household, his sister, and the allegations against Chrissa Moore. The arrival of the witchfinder Rutherford sets off a chain of events deeply shaking Thomas's world. Esther firmly believes that Chrissa, and her accomplice, their other maid Joan, should be reprimanded for their crimes. Chrissa, Joan, and Joan's mother Goodwife Gedge, face imprisonment. Joined by Rutherford, Esther, and Thomas go to the courthouse to give their statements about the Chrissa Moore case.
17th-century England was characterized by sociopolitical turmoil, which resulted in a civil war. The man at fault was Charles I. Coronated in 1625., Charles did his best to anger the Parliament with his actions. Four years and many mistakes later, Charles dismissed the Parliament. After 11 years of poor financial choices, Charles convenes a new Parliament, whose members were openly hostile towards him. Members of the Parliament went after the King's key ministers, while the King attempted to have certain Parliament members arrested. The Civil War began in 1642. (Source: Matthew White; The turbulent 17th century: Civil War, regicide, the Restoration and the Glorious Revolution).
Puritanism as a religious movement rose in the late 16th century, and its goal was to cleanse the Church of England from all the Catholic elements. Puritans were radical Protestants who mostly followed the Old Testament. They believed people were naturally sinful, and everyone was obligated to have a strong relationship with God as a way of redemption and a free pass to Heaven. The Leviathan masterfully shows us the widespread intensity of the Puritan religious experience. Esther and Thomas's father was a Puritan. Father is described as a humble and god-fearing man with enthusiastic interpretations of God's word. Thomas is the exact opposite of his father; he does not have the fear of God instilled in him and is very much suspicious of his sister's accusations.
There is a subtle clash of worlds when Esther and Thomas meet Justice Manyon at the courthouse. Esther is a timid, fearful young woman who would not dare stir the shackles of her Puritan upbringing. She is determined to avenge her father and have Chrissa sentenced to death by hanging. She provides Manyon with evidence of Chrissa's alleged witchcraft and her spellbinding influence over her father's behavior. Manyon, on the other hand, is a man devoid of religious influence, not entirely convinced by Esther's speech, yet he is willing to allow her to determine Chrissa's destiny. At one point, Manyon says it is rare for juries to convict in cases of witchcraft, and adds: “Perhaps we are moving into more enlightened times, or perhaps people are becoming wiser to the many reasons such accusations are made.“ This interaction perfectly encompasses the changing tides in the religious history of 17th-century England. King Charles abandoned Protestantism in favor of Catholicism by marrying Henrietta Maria, a French Catholic noblewoman. People were not satisfied. Intolerance towards Catholicism was most obvious in Scotland, where the majority „had rejected Charles's prayer book and drafted a National Covenant in defiance of the king, resisting his religious reforms in favor of a simpler form of Protestant worship".
Since her incarceration, Chrissa has not spoken a single word to anyone. Thomas was losing patience, and after forcing Chrissa to tell him where she was from, he decided to visit that place and learn more about her. Thomas discovered Chrissa had lived in a brothel with her younger brother Henry. She was not employed as a courtesan but found her work elsewhere. Thomas brings Henry back to his house, hoping Esther would not mind a new servant since they had lost all previous ones. Esther's angry outburst showed that she did mind it. When Henry faced Esther, he paled and ran away to the stables. He told Thomas there was a snake in the house, and that is where we see the first encounter with the monster from the title – the leviathan.
The Leviathan is a mythical creature from the Bible. It is mentioned in the Book of Job and has an entire chapter (41st) dedicated to it. Besides that, it appears three more times: Psalm 74:14, Psalm 104:26, and Isaiah 27:1. In the Bible, the Leviathan has impenetrable armor, has a mouth of deadly teeth, breathes fire and smoke, and has multiple heads. Rosie Andrews imagines the Leviathan as a green giant with patches of mulberry, a rattlesnake's head, covered in clingfish and urchins. It is lacking in that department for a book that carries the title of a magnificent magical creature, as we see only two encounters with it. However, an unknown deity possesses Esther. The deity speaks prophecies with Esther's voice.
The chapters set in 1703. chronicle Thomas and Mary's (Mary being Chrissa's real name) intimate battle with the deity trapped inside Esther's body. Thomas found a letter his father wrote, describing someone's encounter with the Leviathan. During that encounter, they found a baby on a ship filled with the dead bodies of sailors. They managed to save the baby before the Leviathan destroyed the ship. Thomas's father adopted that baby and named her Esther. It seems that Esther's history and the Leviathan's existence are deeply tied together. I am assuming the Leviathan used Esther as a vessel to achieve his goal, the death of men. I struggle to find symbolism in the writer using the Leviathan as a literary device. What is its greater purpose? According to some Bible interpreters, the monster symbolizes God's power. No one can harm or kill it. With that in mind, is Thomas being trialed by God the same way Job was? Is he being forced to face his lack of faith?
With all that in mind, I struggled to see the true message of this book. The writing is wonderful and tonally appropriate for the late 17th, and early 18th centuries. The setting and the atmosphere are incredible, but the plot and the characters did not appeal to me. The pacing was excruciatingly slow, and the ending was not particularly satisfying. I think it would have been better if the book was from Chrissa's POV. Since this is Rosie Andrews' debut novel, I do not want to give it less than three stars.