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Was tun?

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Als Althusser 1978 die alte, von Kant und Lenin geerbte Frage »Was tun?« aufgriff, sieht er sich nicht nur mit einer philosophischen Problemstellung konfrontiert: Er begreift die Frage in erster Linie als ein praktisches Problem, das sich nur ausgehend von einer »konkreten Analyse der konkreten Situation« lösen lässt. Um eine solche Analyse vorzubereiten, setzt sich Althusser mit dem herrschenden Geschichtsverständnis und den Dogmen des sogenannten Eurokommunismus auseinander. Im Gespräch mit Machiavelli, Gramsci, Spinoza und Marx skizziert Althusser ein Geschichtsdenken, das weder deterministisch noch historistisch ist – ein Denken, von dem er sich eine Antwort auf die Frage nach der Abwesenheit des revolutionären Subjekts verspricht. Um eine Antwort auf diese Frage zu finden, sieht sich Althusser zu grundsätzlichen Reflexionen über die Rolle des Denkens und des Intellektuellen gezwungen. Die Selbstbestimmung der Philosophie und die scheinbar abstrakte Frage „Was ist Philosophie?“ lassen sich für Althusser nicht vom Problem der Neuorientierung der Kommunistischen Partei und von den neuen Herausforderungen einer radikal veränderten Arbeiterklasse trennen.

180 pages, Paperback

Published May 1, 2020

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About the author

Louis Althusser

189 books545 followers
Louis Pierre Althusser (1918–1990) was one of the most influential Marxist philosophers of the 20th Century. As they seemed to offer a renewal of Marxist thought as well as to render Marxism philosophically respectable, the claims he advanced in the 1960s about Marxist philosophy were discussed and debated worldwide. Due to apparent reversals in his theoretical positions, to the ill-fated facts of his life, and to the historical fortunes of Marxism in the late twentieth century, this intense interest in Althusser's reading of Marx did not survive the 1970s. Despite the comparative indifference shown to his work as a whole after these events, the theory of ideology Althusser developed within it has been broadly deployed in the social sciences and humanities and has provided a foundation for much “post-Marxist” philosophy. In addition, aspects of Althusser's project have served as inspiration for Analytic Marxism as well as for Critical Realism. Though this influence is not always explicit, Althusser's work and that of his students continues to inform the research programs of literary studies, political philosophy, history, economics, and sociology. In addition, his autobiography has been subject to much critical attention over the last decade. At present, Althusser's philosophy as a whole is undergoing a critical reevaluation by scholars who have benefited from the anthologization of hard-to-find and previously unpublished texts and who have begun to engage with the great mass of writings that remain in his archives.

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Displaying 1 - 4 of 4 reviews
Profile Image for Amy.
131 reviews469 followers
April 2, 2026
interesting little book, by no means a must read but was good to pass the time with
It is essentially a critique of Gramsci’s main ideas, mostly discussing his conception of history and application of Marxist theory. There is a section comparing Gramsci and Machiavelli which I enjoyed reading. I really need to read Machiavelli!! (And finish prison notebooks) - maybe will return to this afterwards to appreciate it more …
Profile Image for Roberto Roganovich.
Author 5 books297 followers
August 1, 2022
una lectura crítica de gramsci. qué con el eurocomunismo si la democracia es el medio y también el fin del proceso revolucionario ?
Profile Image for Fran.
130 reviews1 follower
November 24, 2023
Este escrito póstumo de Althusser revisa de manera crítica la teoría de Gramsci y también los desafíos del marxismo. Puede ser un aporte para la discusión sobre la praxis.
Por otro lado, no está exento de chismecito. Ya en la mitad del libro se empieza a sentir un tono bastante despectivo sobre Gramsci, llegando incluso a llamarlo “amateur”. La astucia.
Displaying 1 - 4 of 4 reviews