This open access book explores a range of new and older systems mapping methods focused on representing causal relationships in systems. In a practical manner, it describes the methods and considers the differences between them; describes how to use them yourself; describes how to choose between and combine them; considers the role of data, evidence, and stakeholder opinion; and describes how they can be useful in a range of policy and research settings. This book provides a key starting point and general-purpose resource for understanding complex adaptive systems in practical, actionable, and participatory ways. The book successfully meets the growing need in a range of social, environmental, and policy challenges for a richer more nuanced, yet actionable and participatory understanding of the world. The authors provide a clear framework to alleviate any confusion about the use of appropriate terms and methods, enhance the appreciation of the value they can bring, and clearly explain the differences between approaches and the resulting outputs of mapping processes and analysis.
System mapping is a set of tools with different capabilities. Seven tools are described in the book, including causal loop diagrams (CLD), system dynamic (SD), theory of change (ToC), fuzzy cognitive mapping (FCM), and Bayesian belief network (BNN). It covers various data collection and analysis techniques for action research and facilitation. This book provides information about the typology of system mapping, an explanation of how to use them, the advantages/disadvantages, and a brief history of their development.
The authors seem to avoid lengthy discussions about the theoretical background of the tools. They guide the readers directly to be familiar with the implementation and to be able to select one or combined tools to serve specific purposes. Although some confusions remain. First, why are these tools selected among others? Second, the names of each instrument are often used interchangeably, meaning that they are somewhat relied on each other such as CLD and SD. Overall, this book is application-oriented.