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Descartes: Masa Transisi Historis Menuju Dunia Modern
"Cogito, Ergo Sum!"
Siapa tak kenal ungkapan dari seorang filsuf yang menandai lahirnya filsafat barat modern ini? Descartes menyerukan bahwa dengan berpikir maka manusia akan memahami segala sesuatu yang berlaku di dalam dirinya. Sebagai tindakan kesadaran, pemikiran membutuhkan keberadaan sang manusia. Pemikiran tanpa adanya manusia adalah mustahil.
Bagi Descartes, manusia adalah makhluk yang berpikir, bermoral dan rasional. Jiwa manusia tidak berkembang dalam ruang yang terbatas dan tidak bergerak secara mekanis seperti jam. Tubuhlah yang tumbuh dalam keterbatasan dan mekanisme tersebut. Semua adalah semesta gerakan jam.
Buku ini memaparkan konsep-konsep Descartes yang paling penting. Mulai dari rasionalisme, skeptisisme, dualisme hingga pencarian atas kebenaran dan keberadaan Tuhan. Pada beberapa bagian, kita akan membaca pemikiran Descartes yang jauh melampaui fenomena masa itu, sesuatu yang terjadi di masyarakat modern sekarang ini. Hal ini menunjukkan betapa filsafat adalah ilmu yang tidak terpenjara oleh ruang dan waktu.
Siapa tak kenal ungkapan dari seorang filsuf yang menandai lahirnya filsafat barat modern ini? Descartes menyerukan bahwa dengan berpikir maka manusia akan memahami segala sesuatu yang berlaku di dalam dirinya. Sebagai tindakan kesadaran, pemikiran membutuhkan keberadaan sang manusia. Pemikiran tanpa adanya manusia adalah mustahil.
Bagi Descartes, manusia adalah makhluk yang berpikir, bermoral dan rasional. Jiwa manusia tidak berkembang dalam ruang yang terbatas dan tidak bergerak secara mekanis seperti jam. Tubuhlah yang tumbuh dalam keterbatasan dan mekanisme tersebut. Semua adalah semesta gerakan jam.
Buku ini memaparkan konsep-konsep Descartes yang paling penting. Mulai dari rasionalisme, skeptisisme, dualisme hingga pencarian atas kebenaran dan keberadaan Tuhan. Pada beberapa bagian, kita akan membaca pemikiran Descartes yang jauh melampaui fenomena masa itu, sesuatu yang terjadi di masyarakat modern sekarang ini. Hal ini menunjukkan betapa filsafat adalah ilmu yang tidak terpenjara oleh ruang dan waktu.
110 pages, Paperback
First published January 1, 1984
2 people are currently reading
7 people want to read
About the author
T.Z. Lavine
7 books18 followersThelma Zeno Lavine (1915–2011), was an American philosopher, professor, and writer, specializing mainly in the areas of 19th and 20th century, especially the writing of John Dewey. She taught courses that highlighted the correlation between philosophy and other topics such as economics, history, and contemporary American culture.
Lavine began teaching philosophy and psychology courses in 1941 at Wells College in Aurora, New York, where she remained until 1943. In 1946 she started at Brooklyn College as a professor of philosophy until 1951. From 1955 until 1965 she held a faculty position at the University of Maryland. In 1965 Lavine went to George Washington University to become Elton Professor of Philosophy, where she taught for 20 years. In 1985 she went to George Mason University, where she became a Robinson Professor of Philosophy, and remained at George Mason until her retirement in 1998.
She is well known for the televised lecture series "From Socrates to Sartre, A Historical Introduction to Philosophy", put on by the Maryland Center for Public Broadcasting in 1979. The series comprised thirty lectures, and it has been praised for making philosophy accessible to the public. Lavine’s most famous publication— "From Socrates to Sartre, The Philosophic Quest" (1984) grew out of the televised lectures, over 250,000 copies were published in the United States and it was also translated into Japanese.
Another notable publication of Lavine’s is the essay, “The Contemporary Significance of the American Philosophic Tradition: Lockean and Redemptive,” from "Reading Dewey", Interpretations for a Postmodern Generation (1998), by Larry A. Hickman. In the essay, Lavine articulates the progression of philosophic thought beginning with an evaluation of Enlightenment principles and their role in the development of the national and legal identity of the United States.
Lavine began teaching philosophy and psychology courses in 1941 at Wells College in Aurora, New York, where she remained until 1943. In 1946 she started at Brooklyn College as a professor of philosophy until 1951. From 1955 until 1965 she held a faculty position at the University of Maryland. In 1965 Lavine went to George Washington University to become Elton Professor of Philosophy, where she taught for 20 years. In 1985 she went to George Mason University, where she became a Robinson Professor of Philosophy, and remained at George Mason until her retirement in 1998.
She is well known for the televised lecture series "From Socrates to Sartre, A Historical Introduction to Philosophy", put on by the Maryland Center for Public Broadcasting in 1979. The series comprised thirty lectures, and it has been praised for making philosophy accessible to the public. Lavine’s most famous publication— "From Socrates to Sartre, The Philosophic Quest" (1984) grew out of the televised lectures, over 250,000 copies were published in the United States and it was also translated into Japanese.
Another notable publication of Lavine’s is the essay, “The Contemporary Significance of the American Philosophic Tradition: Lockean and Redemptive,” from "Reading Dewey", Interpretations for a Postmodern Generation (1998), by Larry A. Hickman. In the essay, Lavine articulates the progression of philosophic thought beginning with an evaluation of Enlightenment principles and their role in the development of the national and legal identity of the United States.
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