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邓晓芒讲黑格尔
邓晓芒
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黑格尔的哲学有三个主要特点,体现出他跟其他哲学家,包括跟他以后的哲学家的重要不同之处。
第一个特点是他的能动的辩证法思想,这是它最突出的特点。黑格尔的辩证法思想主要是一种能动性思想,也就是他在《精神现象学》导言里讲的:最重要的就是要把实体理解为主体。实体就是我们通常讲的一个实在的东西,主体就是我们通常讲的这个东西的能动性。在黑格尔看来,如果一个东西真的是实体的话,那么它的主体,实体只不过是主体的能动性的一种表现而已。
第二个特点就是彻底的理性主义和逻辑主义。西方自古以来强调能动性的哲学家不少,喜欢用火来打比方的也不少,但他的能动性与其他哲学家都不同,他强调的是把它纳入纯粹理性的概念中,使它逻辑化,把能动性逻辑化。
第三个特点建立在前两个特点之上,那就是逻辑、认识论和本体论"三统一",在他那里这三者被 归结为一个东西。逻辑就是理性,通常讲的是形式逻辑,但是黑格尔的逻辑不是形式逻辑,它是认识论。所谓认识论就是它给你一个方法,一个认识结构,一条线索,你按照这条线索进行认识,才能把握真理。
241 pages, Paperback
Published January 1, 2006
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邓晓芒
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