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Summer of '85
Welcome to the summer of 1985 in Philadelphia, when the city was rocked—in almost every sense of the word—by two unprecedented events: Mayor W. Wilson Goode’s May 13 decision to bomb the headquarters of MOVE, a controversial Philadelphia-based radical communal organization, and the July 13 Live Aid concert, where international rock royalty convened in Philly to raise money for victims of the Ethiopian famine.
Separated by just two months and eight miles, these events would showcase both the best and the worst of the so-called City of Brotherly Love: One would raise millions of dollars for famine victims in Africa, while the other would lead to the death of 11 members of MOVE, (including 5 children), all of whom had taken the last name of their leader, John Africa. The bombing led to a fire that was allowed to burn for hours, resulting in the destruction of a middle-class African American neighborhood. Those wounds remain raw more than 35 years later.
Created by Chris Morrow, produced by Kevin Hart and Charlamagne tha God’s SBH Productions, and narrated by Hart, a Philadelphia native, Summer of 85 marks the first attempt to connect these two events and detail the incredible irony (and tragedy) of Philadelphia hosting a benefit for Africa the same summer it bombed a thriving African American neighborhood. Featuring candid interviews with participants such as Bob Geldof, Patti LaBelle, Darryl "DMC" McDaniels, and Mike Africa Jr., the series explores the complex history that resulted in these outlier events paired by proximity and a combustible mix of ego, altruism, prejudice, utopian dreams, and human frailty.
Separated by just two months and eight miles, these events would showcase both the best and the worst of the so-called City of Brotherly Love: One would raise millions of dollars for famine victims in Africa, while the other would lead to the death of 11 members of MOVE, (including 5 children), all of whom had taken the last name of their leader, John Africa. The bombing led to a fire that was allowed to burn for hours, resulting in the destruction of a middle-class African American neighborhood. Those wounds remain raw more than 35 years later.
Created by Chris Morrow, produced by Kevin Hart and Charlamagne tha God’s SBH Productions, and narrated by Hart, a Philadelphia native, Summer of 85 marks the first attempt to connect these two events and detail the incredible irony (and tragedy) of Philadelphia hosting a benefit for Africa the same summer it bombed a thriving African American neighborhood. Featuring candid interviews with participants such as Bob Geldof, Patti LaBelle, Darryl "DMC" McDaniels, and Mike Africa Jr., the series explores the complex history that resulted in these outlier events paired by proximity and a combustible mix of ego, altruism, prejudice, utopian dreams, and human frailty.
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Published July 21, 2022
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Displaying 1 - 30 of 69 reviews
August 7, 2022
This is a fascinating account of two important events that occurred in Philadelphia—one heinous and one inspiring. The bombing of MOVE by the mayor of Philadelphia continues to be utterly shocking. Law enforcement bombed a townhouse in Philadelphia containing MOVE members and their families and killed 11 people including 5 children. The mayor then refused to let the fire department contain the fire and 65 more houses burned to the ground. At the same time, LIVE Aid was coming to Philadelphia to raise money for starving people in Ethiopia. This highly interesting book walks the reader through both events that happened a few miles and a few weeks apart.
December 29, 2022
I was 14, turning 15 when this happened. I remember Live-Aid but I don’t remember hearing about anything else.
After finishing the book, it blows my mind that a mayor would do this to his people! What is wrong with people?!
After finishing the book, it blows my mind that a mayor would do this to his people! What is wrong with people?!
January 28, 2023
So informative and powerful highly recommend listening!!!
March 25, 2023
Powerful podcast about the MOVE bombing in Philadelphia.
August 26, 2022
Intriguing look at the two big events in Philly in the summer of 1985.
August 11, 2022
A podcast style offering on Audible. This is about 2 things that happened in Philadelphia in the summer of 1985. It's mostly performed by Kevin Hart, who was a 6-year-old in Philly that summer.
The 2 events were the bombing of the MOVE house on May 13 and the Live Aid concert at JFK Stadium on July 13. I knew about both these events back when they happened, but never considered them in relation to each other.
MOVE was a black-power/back to nature group that lived in a row house in the Cobbs Creek area of Philadelphia. Over the years the group had managed to alienate their neighbors, and many wanted them evicted. Mayor Wilson Goode, the first black mayor of Philadelphia, promised to deal with the group, but things went horribly wrong. As tensions rose, police confronted MOVE. They evacuated the neighbors and used various tactics to get the MOVE people to leave. Instead, MOVE dug in. Eventually, the police literally dropped a bomb on the house. The resulting fire destroyed the entire block and some of the next block - 65 houses - and killed 11 people, including 5 children, while authorities looked on.
At the time, I lived in the DC area and had friends in Philadelphia. The MOVE bombing was horrible, but it dropped off the radar after a few days and it wasn't clear why. This was partly because of the many other horrible things going on at the time, and partly for reasons unique to Philadelphia. The podcast sheds light on the latter. People wanted MOVE out and wanted Mayor Goode to be a success, so there was less local protest in Philly than there might have been had this happened on Rizzo's watch. Plus, the Live Aid concert provided a distraction a couple of months later.
Also in the news was a famine in Ethiopia, caused by drought and exacerbated by ongoing civil war there. The famine had come to the attention of Irish rocker Bob Geldof and he organized a charity Christmas single (Do They Know it's Christmas?) that was very successful. Boy George suggested a charity concert and things took off from there. Geldof felt that it had to have the biggest acts in the world in order to attract enough attention to be successful. He organized an all-day show at Wembley Stadium in London and then decided there should be a show in the US the same day. Venues in New York and Washington weren't available, so they turned to Philadelphia. Initially, Philly wasn't interested either, but promoters convinced Mayer Goode that this would be great for the city's reputation after the MOVE disaster.
That turned out to be true. I remember watching the concert on a little black and white TV under the counter at the ice cream place I worked at. There was no mention of the bombing or any unrest in Philadelphia.
The podcast goes into detail with Geldof about his experience. He is humble and engaging as he recalls the concert. The interviews with RUN DMC and the acts with local connections who performed that day are very interesting, as are interviews with local citizens who remember both events. Understandingly, there is lingering bitterness, although I think expecting musicians from the UK to have had a nuanced understanding of events in Philadelphia at the time is unrealistic.
Various factors - mainly the internet - make the events of the summer of 85 seem remote. While the police could bomb a block of rowhouses today, there is no chance it would be peacefully out of the news in a few days. While there are still charity concerts with all-star lineups, they aren't watched by almost 40% of the world population as they happen (1.9B people in 1985). I liked hearing about these events from people who were there at the time.
The 2 events were the bombing of the MOVE house on May 13 and the Live Aid concert at JFK Stadium on July 13. I knew about both these events back when they happened, but never considered them in relation to each other.
MOVE was a black-power/back to nature group that lived in a row house in the Cobbs Creek area of Philadelphia. Over the years the group had managed to alienate their neighbors, and many wanted them evicted. Mayor Wilson Goode, the first black mayor of Philadelphia, promised to deal with the group, but things went horribly wrong. As tensions rose, police confronted MOVE. They evacuated the neighbors and used various tactics to get the MOVE people to leave. Instead, MOVE dug in. Eventually, the police literally dropped a bomb on the house. The resulting fire destroyed the entire block and some of the next block - 65 houses - and killed 11 people, including 5 children, while authorities looked on.
At the time, I lived in the DC area and had friends in Philadelphia. The MOVE bombing was horrible, but it dropped off the radar after a few days and it wasn't clear why. This was partly because of the many other horrible things going on at the time, and partly for reasons unique to Philadelphia. The podcast sheds light on the latter. People wanted MOVE out and wanted Mayor Goode to be a success, so there was less local protest in Philly than there might have been had this happened on Rizzo's watch. Plus, the Live Aid concert provided a distraction a couple of months later.
Also in the news was a famine in Ethiopia, caused by drought and exacerbated by ongoing civil war there. The famine had come to the attention of Irish rocker Bob Geldof and he organized a charity Christmas single (Do They Know it's Christmas?) that was very successful. Boy George suggested a charity concert and things took off from there. Geldof felt that it had to have the biggest acts in the world in order to attract enough attention to be successful. He organized an all-day show at Wembley Stadium in London and then decided there should be a show in the US the same day. Venues in New York and Washington weren't available, so they turned to Philadelphia. Initially, Philly wasn't interested either, but promoters convinced Mayer Goode that this would be great for the city's reputation after the MOVE disaster.
That turned out to be true. I remember watching the concert on a little black and white TV under the counter at the ice cream place I worked at. There was no mention of the bombing or any unrest in Philadelphia.
The podcast goes into detail with Geldof about his experience. He is humble and engaging as he recalls the concert. The interviews with RUN DMC and the acts with local connections who performed that day are very interesting, as are interviews with local citizens who remember both events. Understandingly, there is lingering bitterness, although I think expecting musicians from the UK to have had a nuanced understanding of events in Philadelphia at the time is unrealistic.
Various factors - mainly the internet - make the events of the summer of 85 seem remote. While the police could bomb a block of rowhouses today, there is no chance it would be peacefully out of the news in a few days. While there are still charity concerts with all-star lineups, they aren't watched by almost 40% of the world population as they happen (1.9B people in 1985). I liked hearing about these events from people who were there at the time.
December 27, 2022
More of a podcast than an audio book... still a well-written expose of MOVE in contrast to LiveAID. Kevin Hart rightly calls out that many Philadelphians do not know what happened with MOVE - I had read the Inq's very good anniversary coverage of it in 2015 and actually do know about its history but get it... it's not commonly spoken of in Philly's racial, political and policing issues these days. Maybe I didn't know the details nor the overlap with LiveAID and the other events of that year, which gave the book another angle that had more celeb-drop-in and audio clips that detracted from the sheer rage and sorrow, i suppose purposefully so. The juxtaposition is pretty stark and questions are still apt, and Hart is an impassioned narrator.
April 20, 2024
I heard about this book when I was looking at 2023 Audie Award winners and figured I’d give it a shot after getting a 3 month Audible trial. As I’ve seen mentioned in other reviews, this “book” is in the style and structure of an episodic podcast, which is not exactly what I was looking for. It was pretty well done and I found both major plot lines interesting on their own, but by keeping each episode focused on a separate topic the connection between events never really felt coherent. I wanted more background on the social climax of Philadelphia than was presented. Overall, I just wanted more…
August 25, 2022
Absolutely fascinating. Covers the 1985 MOVE bombing in Philadelphia — which far too few of us have ever heard about — in contrast to the Live Aid concert almost coinciding in the same city. New respect for Kevin Hart and his crew.
March 25, 2023
Really good examination of the juxtaposition of the MOVE bombing and the LiveAid concert in Philly, months apart from each other. Never knew this connection before - wow.
September 5, 2022
These are 2 very important and easily overlooked pieces of modern American history. I remember seeing Live Aid on TV when I was eight years old — and that being my first “real” exposure to Africans. It absolutely shaped my perspective for the next decade of Ethiopia, and many of the African nations. Coupled with American medias coverage of apartheid, it was easy to develop a perspective that most of the continent was living ass backwards. I was lucky enough to have met Ramona Africa back in 1993 — in person, when I was still in high school. As a white kid from the suburbs I couldn’t fathom that ANY governmental organization in the United States would ever bomb their own citizens. Yet this story shows how we, here in the USA, were the ones that with our heads up our asses in so many ways… looking down our noses at the rest of the world, complete hypocrites.
Kevin Hart’s narration of this balanced, enlightening narrative is wonderful.
Kevin Hart’s narration of this balanced, enlightening narrative is wonderful.
January 18, 2025
The Summer of 85 is a true story of the juxtaposition of two actual events that took place in Philadelphia that year: the Live Aid benefit for Africa and the bombing of MOVE, a controversial group of Black citizens attempting to create an African-style community.
On May 13, 1985, the Philadelphia Police Department dropped a bomb on the home of the Black liberation group MOVE in West Philadelphia. The bombing killed 11 people, including five children, and destroying 61 homes.
This is a documentary-style audiobook wonderfully narrated by Kevin Hart along with numerous interviews-recent and historical- with participants in the MOVE bombing & LIVE Aid. Bob Geldof is featured throughout along with former/current members of MOVE. It made for a very fast-moving story.
In the summer of 1985, the city of brotherly love was forever changed after its first Black Mayor, Wilson Goode, gave the go on May 13 to bomb the headquarters of MOVE, a controversial radical communal organization based in the city.
Exactly two months later on July 13th, rock royalty, including the likes of Run DMC, Madonna, Eric Clapton, Phil Collins, Led Zeppelin, Mick Jagger, Bob Dylan, and Patti LaBelle, would gather at the John F. Kennedy Stadium for a benefit concert to raise money for the Ethiopian famine, later to be known as Live Aid.
MOVE was a black-power/back to nature group that lived in a row house in the Cobbs Creek area of Philadelphia. Over the years the group had managed to alienate their neighbors, and many wanted them evicted.
The reason I find the story particularly interesting is how the two stories are interwoven. One is completely famous not only in the US but worldwide and the other one seems to be a little-known outside of Philadelphia and possibly not well known even by natives.
Summer of ’85 takes place years after an infamous standoff between members of MOVE and the Philadelphia police under the tutelage of Mayor (and former police chief) Frank Rizzo that resulted in the death of one police officer. The MOVE 9—which included 5 men, and 4 women all stood trial and were given terms of 30 to 100 years for the officer’s murder, though they all maintained they did not kill the officer. They were serving their sentences at the time of the 1985 bombing.
MOVE assembled around 1973 under John Africa (formerly Vincent Leaphart) and was founded on the principles of abandoning a lifestyle driven by modern technologies and man-made systems. Known largely for wearing their hair in dreadlocks, members of MOVE all adopted the surname Africa.
Louise James was the sister of John Africa who owned the 3-bedroom house in a nice black neighborhood called Cobbs Creek. It was not a ghetto. The house was taken over by her brother. It turned into a cult. Louise’s son Frank was one of the 5 children killed in the bombing.
People wanted MOVE out and wanted the city’s first black mayor, Wilson Goode to be a success, so there was less local protest in Philly than there might have been had this happened on Rizzo's watch. Plus, the Live Aid concert provided a distraction a couple of months later.
On May 13th the climax of the MOVE house finally happened. There were several shots fired from the MOVE home at the officers. Officers returned fire, sending 10,000 rounds into the home. Following a 12-hour standoff, at 5 p.m., Mayor Wilson Goode approved the use of explosives to destroy the bunker on top of the house. A bomb was dropped from a helicopter in the middle of a residential block, resulting in 11 dead, including 5 children, and 61 destroyed homes. No one was ever criminally charged for the bombing.
Also in the news was a famine in Ethiopia, caused by drought and exacerbated by ongoing civil war there. The famine had come to the attention of Irish rocker Bob Geldof and he organized a charity Christmas single (Do They Know it's Christmas?) that was very successful. Geldof decided to put on a benefit concert to help. That concert would become Live Aid.
Venues in New York and Washington weren't available, so they turned to Philadelphia. Initially, Philly wasn't interested either, but promoters convinced Mayer Goode that this would be great for the city's reputation after the MOVE disaster.
The project’s creator, Chris Morrow wondered why no one was connecting the possibility that Live Aid could have been a distraction. “Here were all these rock stars coming together in Philly to “save” Africa just two months to the day after the city had killed 11 people with the last name Africa. There was a dissonance there I wanted to explore,”
There were various factors mainly that there was no internet that make the events of the summer of 85 seem remote. I was in college at the time with little or no access to TV. I had no idea this happened. I did know about the Live Aid concert in 85. Largely because of MTV. They say the concert was watched by almost 40% of the world population, which was close to 2 billion people.
There are some interesting stories about the concert. One in particular about Run DMC who was an early days hip hop group playing before a white audience for the first time. It was interesting when they talked about all the white rock groups that were there looking at them side eyed wondering what are they doing here. I remember in 1985 hip hop/rap was not favorably viewed by most white people, including myself at the time.
Back to MOVE, based on how the story was told, there’s plenty of blame to go around. But the bigger issue is the fact that the police force worked with FBI and other federal agencies to coordinate a strike on the MOVE compound and ultimately drop a bomb in the middle of the Philadelphia neighborhood. This is a tale of mismanaged resentment, with plenty of blame to go around. Though there can be no excusing the wild escalation brought on by a vindictive police department, the MOVE organization is hardly guilt-free.
The rebuilt homes after the bombing were poorly constructed after 15 years in year 2000 the city deemed the building unlivable. The residents were offered $150,000 to leave which resulted in many vacant properties.
This audio documentary narrated by Kevin Hart gives you a little history lesson on Philadelphia, Cults, Racism, Pop Culture, and Government bureaucracy.
On May 13, 1985, the Philadelphia Police Department dropped a bomb on the home of the Black liberation group MOVE in West Philadelphia. The bombing killed 11 people, including five children, and destroying 61 homes.
This is a documentary-style audiobook wonderfully narrated by Kevin Hart along with numerous interviews-recent and historical- with participants in the MOVE bombing & LIVE Aid. Bob Geldof is featured throughout along with former/current members of MOVE. It made for a very fast-moving story.
In the summer of 1985, the city of brotherly love was forever changed after its first Black Mayor, Wilson Goode, gave the go on May 13 to bomb the headquarters of MOVE, a controversial radical communal organization based in the city.
Exactly two months later on July 13th, rock royalty, including the likes of Run DMC, Madonna, Eric Clapton, Phil Collins, Led Zeppelin, Mick Jagger, Bob Dylan, and Patti LaBelle, would gather at the John F. Kennedy Stadium for a benefit concert to raise money for the Ethiopian famine, later to be known as Live Aid.
MOVE was a black-power/back to nature group that lived in a row house in the Cobbs Creek area of Philadelphia. Over the years the group had managed to alienate their neighbors, and many wanted them evicted.
The reason I find the story particularly interesting is how the two stories are interwoven. One is completely famous not only in the US but worldwide and the other one seems to be a little-known outside of Philadelphia and possibly not well known even by natives.
Summer of ’85 takes place years after an infamous standoff between members of MOVE and the Philadelphia police under the tutelage of Mayor (and former police chief) Frank Rizzo that resulted in the death of one police officer. The MOVE 9—which included 5 men, and 4 women all stood trial and were given terms of 30 to 100 years for the officer’s murder, though they all maintained they did not kill the officer. They were serving their sentences at the time of the 1985 bombing.
MOVE assembled around 1973 under John Africa (formerly Vincent Leaphart) and was founded on the principles of abandoning a lifestyle driven by modern technologies and man-made systems. Known largely for wearing their hair in dreadlocks, members of MOVE all adopted the surname Africa.
Louise James was the sister of John Africa who owned the 3-bedroom house in a nice black neighborhood called Cobbs Creek. It was not a ghetto. The house was taken over by her brother. It turned into a cult. Louise’s son Frank was one of the 5 children killed in the bombing.
People wanted MOVE out and wanted the city’s first black mayor, Wilson Goode to be a success, so there was less local protest in Philly than there might have been had this happened on Rizzo's watch. Plus, the Live Aid concert provided a distraction a couple of months later.
On May 13th the climax of the MOVE house finally happened. There were several shots fired from the MOVE home at the officers. Officers returned fire, sending 10,000 rounds into the home. Following a 12-hour standoff, at 5 p.m., Mayor Wilson Goode approved the use of explosives to destroy the bunker on top of the house. A bomb was dropped from a helicopter in the middle of a residential block, resulting in 11 dead, including 5 children, and 61 destroyed homes. No one was ever criminally charged for the bombing.
Also in the news was a famine in Ethiopia, caused by drought and exacerbated by ongoing civil war there. The famine had come to the attention of Irish rocker Bob Geldof and he organized a charity Christmas single (Do They Know it's Christmas?) that was very successful. Geldof decided to put on a benefit concert to help. That concert would become Live Aid.
Venues in New York and Washington weren't available, so they turned to Philadelphia. Initially, Philly wasn't interested either, but promoters convinced Mayer Goode that this would be great for the city's reputation after the MOVE disaster.
The project’s creator, Chris Morrow wondered why no one was connecting the possibility that Live Aid could have been a distraction. “Here were all these rock stars coming together in Philly to “save” Africa just two months to the day after the city had killed 11 people with the last name Africa. There was a dissonance there I wanted to explore,”
There were various factors mainly that there was no internet that make the events of the summer of 85 seem remote. I was in college at the time with little or no access to TV. I had no idea this happened. I did know about the Live Aid concert in 85. Largely because of MTV. They say the concert was watched by almost 40% of the world population, which was close to 2 billion people.
There are some interesting stories about the concert. One in particular about Run DMC who was an early days hip hop group playing before a white audience for the first time. It was interesting when they talked about all the white rock groups that were there looking at them side eyed wondering what are they doing here. I remember in 1985 hip hop/rap was not favorably viewed by most white people, including myself at the time.
Back to MOVE, based on how the story was told, there’s plenty of blame to go around. But the bigger issue is the fact that the police force worked with FBI and other federal agencies to coordinate a strike on the MOVE compound and ultimately drop a bomb in the middle of the Philadelphia neighborhood. This is a tale of mismanaged resentment, with plenty of blame to go around. Though there can be no excusing the wild escalation brought on by a vindictive police department, the MOVE organization is hardly guilt-free.
The rebuilt homes after the bombing were poorly constructed after 15 years in year 2000 the city deemed the building unlivable. The residents were offered $150,000 to leave which resulted in many vacant properties.
This audio documentary narrated by Kevin Hart gives you a little history lesson on Philadelphia, Cults, Racism, Pop Culture, and Government bureaucracy.
August 8, 2022
I listened to this on Audible. I’m not sure if it is a “book”or not. This was a well-done history lesson on 2 subjects I knew very little about.
I knew of LiveAid and the subsequent offshoots. “We Are the World” is still a favorite and loved Michael Jackson & Lionel Richie & Quincy Jones creating the song and the super group to perform it. The money and awareness raised was culturally impactful in a nation largely unaware of the African continent. But I hadn’t know how Bob Geldof and his wife came to the realization “something must be done and we are the ones to do it.” And Ethiopia definitely needed someone’s help. Anyones help.
The bigger omission in my knowledge of US history was MOVE - who they were and how they managed to antagonize a police chief/ eventual mayor who was tough on crime, but also apparently very authoritarian and racist to boot.
The book was read/performed by Kevin Hart along with numerous interviews-recent and historical- with participants in the MOVE bombing & LIVE Aid. Bob Geldof is featured throughout along with former/current members of MOVE. It made for a very fast moving story. I’m unsure if this is actually a book or just an audio documentary. I’m calling it a book for my own review purposes only.
The reason I find the story particularly interesting is how the two stories are interwoven. One is completely famous not only in the US but worldwide and the other one seems to be a little known outside of Philadelphia and possibly not well known even by natives. It’s a very compelling story with mini twists and turns. There’s a lot of ambiguity as to how the relationship between MOVE and the city of Philadelphia became so antagonistic. Was it the police force? Was it the leader of the MOVE, a man who changed his name to John Africa? To me it seems to be a combination of all. Based on how the story was told, there’s plenty of blame to go around. But the bigger issue is the fact that the police force worked with FBI and other federal agencies to coordinate a strike on the MOVE compound and ultimately drop a bomb on it in the middle of the Philadelphia neighborhood. Then the city proceeded to let the fire from the bombing burn down 60+ homes. Then the city wouldn’t own up to what they had done and took several years to rebuild the homes they destroyed displacing families who have done nothing wrong other than live in a quiet neighborhood that was suddenly in a military style combat zone.
What I took away from the book is this is where Black US citizens in the United States can specifically point to egregious racism and being targeted by police in 1985. Sadly there are multiple examples of this type of destruction of thriving Black communities-including Tulsa, Oklahoma. It seems like reviewing these would be much more productive than the “theory” of critical race or the very suspect historical record created via the 1619 Project. There are legitimate problems in this country in which racism still plays a part. I don’t think there’s any reason to make things up or create antagonistic storylines. There’s plenty of real antagonism that has taken place which speaks for itself. And this is a very good case of needing to look at both sides of the story. A key line in the book asked the question as to whether a white compound in the middle of a white suburban neighborhood would be attacked, bombed, and destroyed in the same manner. I would have to say “no“!
I’m glad I downloaded this and listen to it over the weekend. I know some things I didn’t know before and also broadened my perspective related to the recent problems related to race in cities across the US and the police forces coping with unlawful acts and how to balance enforcement and force. Groups like MOVE need a voice as it is their Constitutional right, but they can’t also be allowed to create all manner of disturbances and endanger the public health to a point where the police feel it’s necessary to destroy the entire organization in an ultra violent way. There should be ways for them to do their job but also holding them accountable when they screw up or go too far.
I knew of LiveAid and the subsequent offshoots. “We Are the World” is still a favorite and loved Michael Jackson & Lionel Richie & Quincy Jones creating the song and the super group to perform it. The money and awareness raised was culturally impactful in a nation largely unaware of the African continent. But I hadn’t know how Bob Geldof and his wife came to the realization “something must be done and we are the ones to do it.” And Ethiopia definitely needed someone’s help. Anyones help.
The bigger omission in my knowledge of US history was MOVE - who they were and how they managed to antagonize a police chief/ eventual mayor who was tough on crime, but also apparently very authoritarian and racist to boot.
The book was read/performed by Kevin Hart along with numerous interviews-recent and historical- with participants in the MOVE bombing & LIVE Aid. Bob Geldof is featured throughout along with former/current members of MOVE. It made for a very fast moving story. I’m unsure if this is actually a book or just an audio documentary. I’m calling it a book for my own review purposes only.
The reason I find the story particularly interesting is how the two stories are interwoven. One is completely famous not only in the US but worldwide and the other one seems to be a little known outside of Philadelphia and possibly not well known even by natives. It’s a very compelling story with mini twists and turns. There’s a lot of ambiguity as to how the relationship between MOVE and the city of Philadelphia became so antagonistic. Was it the police force? Was it the leader of the MOVE, a man who changed his name to John Africa? To me it seems to be a combination of all. Based on how the story was told, there’s plenty of blame to go around. But the bigger issue is the fact that the police force worked with FBI and other federal agencies to coordinate a strike on the MOVE compound and ultimately drop a bomb on it in the middle of the Philadelphia neighborhood. Then the city proceeded to let the fire from the bombing burn down 60+ homes. Then the city wouldn’t own up to what they had done and took several years to rebuild the homes they destroyed displacing families who have done nothing wrong other than live in a quiet neighborhood that was suddenly in a military style combat zone.
What I took away from the book is this is where Black US citizens in the United States can specifically point to egregious racism and being targeted by police in 1985. Sadly there are multiple examples of this type of destruction of thriving Black communities-including Tulsa, Oklahoma. It seems like reviewing these would be much more productive than the “theory” of critical race or the very suspect historical record created via the 1619 Project. There are legitimate problems in this country in which racism still plays a part. I don’t think there’s any reason to make things up or create antagonistic storylines. There’s plenty of real antagonism that has taken place which speaks for itself. And this is a very good case of needing to look at both sides of the story. A key line in the book asked the question as to whether a white compound in the middle of a white suburban neighborhood would be attacked, bombed, and destroyed in the same manner. I would have to say “no“!
I’m glad I downloaded this and listen to it over the weekend. I know some things I didn’t know before and also broadened my perspective related to the recent problems related to race in cities across the US and the police forces coping with unlawful acts and how to balance enforcement and force. Groups like MOVE need a voice as it is their Constitutional right, but they can’t also be allowed to create all manner of disturbances and endanger the public health to a point where the police feel it’s necessary to destroy the entire organization in an ultra violent way. There should be ways for them to do their job but also holding them accountable when they screw up or go too far.
February 3, 2025
Phenomenal and fascinating, and a ton of information crammed into a four hour listen.
The format is more podcast than audiobook, and although I generally prefer the latter, the production was excellent and it was highly engaging. I found the title while searching for a book about Live Aid and had never heard of the MOVE bombing but immediately wanted to know more. Well, now I know more and oh boy is it disturbing. It's like Jonestown merged with the Black Panthers and then faced off against a police force of racist war vets with military grade weaponry, all while situated in the middle of a Philadelphia neighborhood. Sadly the MOVE organization actually did seem to have a relatively noble beginning: promoting urban gardening, the interdependence of all humans, and animal rights. However, they took a deeply psychotic turn for the worse, creating a cult in which people screamed profanity through loudspeakers at the neighbors all day and all night. By the end of the story, I had far less sympathy for the MOVE adult members than I expected I would, but felt endless sorrow for the MOVE children trapped in their midst, and deep sympathy for the neighbors who suffered.
The sections about Live Aid were comparatively smaller, but I thoroughly enjoyed the description of the three acts that were detailed.
Overall, a great listen, and I have new respect for Kevin Hart for his part in this project.
The format is more podcast than audiobook, and although I generally prefer the latter, the production was excellent and it was highly engaging. I found the title while searching for a book about Live Aid and had never heard of the MOVE bombing but immediately wanted to know more. Well, now I know more and oh boy is it disturbing. It's like Jonestown merged with the Black Panthers and then faced off against a police force of racist war vets with military grade weaponry, all while situated in the middle of a Philadelphia neighborhood. Sadly the MOVE organization actually did seem to have a relatively noble beginning: promoting urban gardening, the interdependence of all humans, and animal rights. However, they took a deeply psychotic turn for the worse, creating a cult in which people screamed profanity through loudspeakers at the neighbors all day and all night. By the end of the story, I had far less sympathy for the MOVE adult members than I expected I would, but felt endless sorrow for the MOVE children trapped in their midst, and deep sympathy for the neighbors who suffered.
The sections about Live Aid were comparatively smaller, but I thoroughly enjoyed the description of the three acts that were detailed.
Overall, a great listen, and I have new respect for Kevin Hart for his part in this project.
January 25, 2023
𝕋𝕙𝕚𝕤 𝕚𝕤 𝕒 𝕡𝕠𝕕𝕔𝕒𝕤𝕥 𝕤𝕥𝕪𝕝𝕖 𝕓𝕠𝕠𝕜 𝕟𝕒𝕣𝕣𝕒𝕥𝕚𝕟𝕘 𝕥𝕨𝕠 𝕖𝕧𝕖𝕟𝕥𝕤 𝕨𝕙𝕚𝕔𝕙 𝕠𝕔𝕔𝕦𝕣𝕣𝕖𝕕 𝕚𝕟 ℙ𝕙𝕚𝕝𝕒𝕕𝕖𝕝𝕡𝕙𝕚𝕒 𝕚𝕟 𝕥𝕙𝕖 𝕤𝕦𝕞𝕞𝕖𝕣 𝕠𝕗 𝟙𝟡𝟠𝟝.
Let me start by explaining the first one which was focussed on "a certain group of people" - MOVE: an all black ethnic closed group setting up the definition of "True African".
MOVE activities irked the neighbourhood which included some weird, unlawful and unhygienic living habits. This resulted in ordering their evacuation but ended up in bombing the members (by the city authority in broad daylight).
The other one was a charity Christmas concert organised by Irish rocker Bob Geldof to raise funds for famine affected Ethiopia. This gesture created a ripple effect among the community being more aware of the socio-political and public health causes around the world.
𝗕𝗼𝘁𝗵 𝘄𝗲𝗿𝗲 𝗽𝗼𝗹𝗲𝘀 𝗮𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘁 𝗶𝗻 𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗺𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝗺𝗼𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲, 𝗿𝗲𝗽𝗿𝗲𝘀𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗲𝘅𝗲𝗰𝘂𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻. 𝗢𝗻𝗲 𝗮𝗽𝗽𝗲𝗮𝗿𝘀 𝘁𝗼 𝗯𝗲 𝗵𝗼𝗿𝗿𝗶𝗳𝗶𝗰 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘀𝗵𝗮𝗺𝗲𝗳𝘂𝗹 𝗮𝗰𝘁 𝘄𝗵𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘀 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗼𝘁𝗵𝗲𝗿 𝗼𝗻𝗲 𝗶𝘀 𝗶𝗻𝘀𝗽𝗶𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴. 𝗧𝗵𝗲𝗿𝗲'𝘀 𝗮 𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗻𝗴 𝗮𝘀𝘀𝗼𝗰𝗶𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗯𝗲𝘁𝘄𝗲𝗲𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝘁𝘄𝗼 𝘄𝗵𝗶𝗰𝗵 𝘁𝗵𝗶𝘀 𝗯𝗼𝗼𝗸 𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗶𝘀𝗵𝗲𝘀 𝗲𝘅𝘁𝗿𝗲𝗺𝗲𝗹𝘆 𝘄𝗲𝗹𝗹.
This book questions workings of the police department, the responsibilities of a "black" Mayor towards the community, squandering constitutional rights and endangering Public Health to justify civil war.
It also focuses on what does it mean to practise ethnicity while living in a mixed neighbourhood and how prejudices destroys the propriety of a city.
𝙰 𝚟𝚎𝚛𝚢 𝚝𝚒𝚐𝚑𝚝𝚕𝚢 𝚙𝚞𝚝 𝚗𝚊𝚛𝚛𝚊𝚝𝚒𝚟𝚎 𝚋𝚢 𝙲𝚑𝚛𝚒𝚜 𝙼𝚘𝚛𝚛𝚘𝚠 𝚙𝚛𝚘𝚟𝚒𝚍𝚒𝚗𝚐 𝚊 𝚋𝚒𝚛𝚍'𝚜 𝚎𝚢𝚎 𝚟𝚒𝚎𝚠 𝚘𝚗 𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝚊𝚏𝚏𝚊𝚒𝚛𝚜 𝚘𝚏 𝚂𝚞𝚖𝚖𝚎𝚛 𝚘𝚏 𝟾𝟻.
Another reason to read the book is fascinating narration by Kevin Hart.
Let me start by explaining the first one which was focussed on "a certain group of people" - MOVE: an all black ethnic closed group setting up the definition of "True African".
MOVE activities irked the neighbourhood which included some weird, unlawful and unhygienic living habits. This resulted in ordering their evacuation but ended up in bombing the members (by the city authority in broad daylight).
The other one was a charity Christmas concert organised by Irish rocker Bob Geldof to raise funds for famine affected Ethiopia. This gesture created a ripple effect among the community being more aware of the socio-political and public health causes around the world.
𝗕𝗼𝘁𝗵 𝘄𝗲𝗿𝗲 𝗽𝗼𝗹𝗲𝘀 𝗮𝗽𝗮𝗿𝘁 𝗶𝗻 𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗺𝘀 𝗼𝗳 𝗺𝗼𝘁𝗶𝘃𝗲, 𝗿𝗲𝗽𝗿𝗲𝘀𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗲𝘅𝗲𝗰𝘂𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻. 𝗢𝗻𝗲 𝗮𝗽𝗽𝗲𝗮𝗿𝘀 𝘁𝗼 𝗯𝗲 𝗵𝗼𝗿𝗿𝗶𝗳𝗶𝗰 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘀𝗵𝗮𝗺𝗲𝗳𝘂𝗹 𝗮𝗰𝘁 𝘄𝗵𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗮𝘀 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗼𝘁𝗵𝗲𝗿 𝗼𝗻𝗲 𝗶𝘀 𝗶𝗻𝘀𝗽𝗶𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴. 𝗧𝗵𝗲𝗿𝗲'𝘀 𝗮 𝘀𝘁𝗿𝗼𝗻𝗴 𝗮𝘀𝘀𝗼𝗰𝗶𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗯𝗲𝘁𝘄𝗲𝗲𝗻 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝘁𝘄𝗼 𝘄𝗵𝗶𝗰𝗵 𝘁𝗵𝗶𝘀 𝗯𝗼𝗼𝗸 𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗯𝗹𝗶𝘀𝗵𝗲𝘀 𝗲𝘅𝘁𝗿𝗲𝗺𝗲𝗹𝘆 𝘄𝗲𝗹𝗹.
This book questions workings of the police department, the responsibilities of a "black" Mayor towards the community, squandering constitutional rights and endangering Public Health to justify civil war.
It also focuses on what does it mean to practise ethnicity while living in a mixed neighbourhood and how prejudices destroys the propriety of a city.
𝙰 𝚟𝚎𝚛𝚢 𝚝𝚒𝚐𝚑𝚝𝚕𝚢 𝚙𝚞𝚝 𝚗𝚊𝚛𝚛𝚊𝚝𝚒𝚟𝚎 𝚋𝚢 𝙲𝚑𝚛𝚒𝚜 𝙼𝚘𝚛𝚛𝚘𝚠 𝚙𝚛𝚘𝚟𝚒𝚍𝚒𝚗𝚐 𝚊 𝚋𝚒𝚛𝚍'𝚜 𝚎𝚢𝚎 𝚟𝚒𝚎𝚠 𝚘𝚗 𝚝𝚑𝚎 𝚊𝚏𝚏𝚊𝚒𝚛𝚜 𝚘𝚏 𝚂𝚞𝚖𝚖𝚎𝚛 𝚘𝚏 𝟾𝟻.
Another reason to read the book is fascinating narration by Kevin Hart.
December 20, 2022
Fascinating story, and a captivating listen. Both topics are very interesting, with the MOVE story being a bit more interesting. It’s not perfect though, while the stories highlight the hypocrisy of Philadelphia’s government (hypocrisy that continues today) I don’t know that it landed the idea of comparing these two events. The attempts to draw parallels between them often fall a little short in my opinion, with some interviewees basically referring to Live Aid as being a response to the MOVE bombing, but, with only two months between the events, that’s just not possible. If the story is trying to say that Philadelphia put more effort into promoting Live Aid to help with the city’s PR following the bombing, I guess that can be inferred, but it’s not clearly stated.
All that said, listening to Kevin Hart (a Philly native) narrate the story of these two major events, learning about the political and cultural climate in 1985 Philadelphia, it’s a really well produced and captivating story. The interviewees in particular add a lot of weight to this production, directly listening to their pain and frustration about the bombing, or their reverence for the performers drives home the emotions at play.
All that said, listening to Kevin Hart (a Philly native) narrate the story of these two major events, learning about the political and cultural climate in 1985 Philadelphia, it’s a really well produced and captivating story. The interviewees in particular add a lot of weight to this production, directly listening to their pain and frustration about the bombing, or their reverence for the performers drives home the emotions at play.
January 13, 2023
A detailed, intimate look back at one incredibly charged season in the city of Philadelphia. On Mother’s Day, a long-simmering feud between the police department and a vocal group of radicals finally boiled over. After an intense day-long standoff, officials dropped a load of C4 from a helicopter, nearly obliterating the group’s urban headquarters, then stood back as the ensuing fire consumed more than sixty neighboring (largely black-owned) homes. Precisely two months later, the city welcomed ninety thousand fans to JFK Stadium for a star-studded concert. Live Aid’s goal was to benefit starving children in Ethiopia, and while the timing may have been pure coincidence, for many it served as a bitter irony. How can the city proclaim to care so much about black children in Africa when it had, so callously, incinerated or mowed down a dozen of its own residents (including five kids) just a few weeks prior?
It’s a tale of mismanaged resentment, with plenty of blame to go around. Though there can be no excusing the wild escalation brought on by a vindictive police department, the MOVE organization is hardly guilt-free, and this audio novel (almost a podcast? I’m a little foggy here) remains sympathetic to their plight without cutting slack for their flaws. Likewise, it points out Live Aid’s shortcomings - specifically, the shortage of black artists on the bill - while also crediting the very genuine intentions of organizer Bob Geldof and the lengths he went to ensure that proceeds were spent in the right places. A thorough, even-handed look into the lesser-seen corners of the story you’re already familiar with and the unsettling details of the one that’s been swept under the rug.
It’s a tale of mismanaged resentment, with plenty of blame to go around. Though there can be no excusing the wild escalation brought on by a vindictive police department, the MOVE organization is hardly guilt-free, and this audio novel (almost a podcast? I’m a little foggy here) remains sympathetic to their plight without cutting slack for their flaws. Likewise, it points out Live Aid’s shortcomings - specifically, the shortage of black artists on the bill - while also crediting the very genuine intentions of organizer Bob Geldof and the lengths he went to ensure that proceeds were spent in the right places. A thorough, even-handed look into the lesser-seen corners of the story you’re already familiar with and the unsettling details of the one that’s been swept under the rug.
September 6, 2022
It’s very interesting, it talks about two different events from two different perspectives. Kevin Hart narrates it, but it is not a funny book. There’s not really even funny moments.
There were two quotes that just stung me, but like the old statement, the truth hurts.
Quote #1 “No one dies of starvation because of lack of food; they die of starvation for lack of money.”
Then he went on to say that America burns food that they don’t use, that there’s a plethora of food.
The other quote was about the people starving in Ethiopia related to the famine. If you were alive in 19885 you do remember those images .
Quote# 2 “famines don’t happen in democracies.”
Since it’s only available on Audible, I would say it’s a good read but it’s a good listen. And I love the beginning when explains this is not a book about black and white, its gray. good versus evil. It’s about bad people who do good things and good people who do bad things.
There were two quotes that just stung me, but like the old statement, the truth hurts.
Quote #1 “No one dies of starvation because of lack of food; they die of starvation for lack of money.”
Then he went on to say that America burns food that they don’t use, that there’s a plethora of food.
The other quote was about the people starving in Ethiopia related to the famine. If you were alive in 19885 you do remember those images .
Quote# 2 “famines don’t happen in democracies.”
Since it’s only available on Audible, I would say it’s a good read but it’s a good listen. And I love the beginning when explains this is not a book about black and white, its gray. good versus evil. It’s about bad people who do good things and good people who do bad things.
November 10, 2022
This is a powerful presentation of two major tangentially related events in Philadelphia in 1985. The first was the long-planned attack and subsequent police bombing of the headquarters of a radical communal organization called MOVE resulting in the death of eleven people, including five children, and burning down over sixty homes in the same neighborhood. The second was, just two months later, the wildly successful Live Aid concert to raise funds for the famine that was ravaging Ethiopia. The concert was purportedly hosted to help salvage the reputation of Philadelphia and its first Black mayor who was complicit in the police action against MOVE. There is a lot to unpack in this dramatic presentation—a lot of unanswered or unresolved questions—but it is worth listening to. (Note: this is a freebie for Audible subscribers.)
August 27, 2023
Audible Review
Overall 4 out of 5 stars
Performance 4 out of 5 stars
Story 4 out of 5 stars
Very informative!
This was a really informative and thought-provoking listen. I was a teen during the Summer of '85 and knew all about Live Aid, but nothing about MOVE and the bombing in Philly. Although I may have heard about it and because it didn't affect me it might not have registered. That whole thing was wild. To know that the mayor did nothing as that block burned and children were killed because of it, unbelievable.
I think my favorite part of the series was the section on Run DMC and their performance at Live Aid. Crazy to look back and realize they were only 18/19!
I was surprised to learn that what started with Live Aid has continued to help the people of Ethiopia to this day.
It was fitting that Kevin Hart narrated it, as a Philly native.
Overall 4 out of 5 stars
Performance 4 out of 5 stars
Story 4 out of 5 stars
Very informative!
This was a really informative and thought-provoking listen. I was a teen during the Summer of '85 and knew all about Live Aid, but nothing about MOVE and the bombing in Philly. Although I may have heard about it and because it didn't affect me it might not have registered. That whole thing was wild. To know that the mayor did nothing as that block burned and children were killed because of it, unbelievable.
I think my favorite part of the series was the section on Run DMC and their performance at Live Aid. Crazy to look back and realize they were only 18/19!
I was surprised to learn that what started with Live Aid has continued to help the people of Ethiopia to this day.
It was fitting that Kevin Hart narrated it, as a Philly native.
June 20, 2023
This is an incredible story and it can only be found on Audible. I’m a conservative Christian who typically votes with the right side of the political aisle, but this has made me understand some of the issues that face our African American brothers and sisters. The plight of the neighbors of the radical group Move broke my heart. They wanted the police to step in even though they knew it would get out of control.
The way that Morrow contrasted the tragedy of the Move home bombing with the LiveAid concert that occured in the same city only weeks later, just dig the knife in deeper! I encourage everyone to listen to this one, but beware of some pretty rough language. There are interviews and newa coverage that get pretty graphic.
The way that Morrow contrasted the tragedy of the Move home bombing with the LiveAid concert that occured in the same city only weeks later, just dig the knife in deeper! I encourage everyone to listen to this one, but beware of some pretty rough language. There are interviews and newa coverage that get pretty graphic.
September 19, 2022
This was a very interesting take on Live aid and the Move Movement.
As far as the Move Moment - there is alot of blame all the way around. Not just one sided but both sides. Like it states in the Audible book. Both side could have done things differently to prevent the bombing from happening.
The Live Aid concert could only do so much. Its the people collectively that has to come together to solve world hunger. It bought awareness to the problem but it was up to everyone involved to keep things going.
Kevin Hart did a great job narrating this audible book and I would listen to another one he narrates in the future.
As far as the Move Moment - there is alot of blame all the way around. Not just one sided but both sides. Like it states in the Audible book. Both side could have done things differently to prevent the bombing from happening.
The Live Aid concert could only do so much. Its the people collectively that has to come together to solve world hunger. It bought awareness to the problem but it was up to everyone involved to keep things going.
Kevin Hart did a great job narrating this audible book and I would listen to another one he narrates in the future.
November 2, 2022
More of a podcast format compiled into an audiobook (are "audio documentaries" a thing?) but this is REALLY well done. I knew of Live Aid but I'd never heard of MOVE nor the attack and bombing of their house by the police before this work. We all know Kevin Hart is a great story teller. He does most of the speaking and it was interesting to hear him present something serious while still absolutely being an entertainer. However, more importantly, I very much enjoyed hearing first-hand accounts and original audio recordings from the people who were there. This was an education and I am glad I stumbled upon it.
November 27, 2022
Well delivered and thought-provoking. It infuriates me how blatantly history and Black culture is eradicated. How we're grouped in a monolith. How we view celebrate white hobos, vegans, and composite minimist living but killing the Africa's" of the MOVE movement for the same thing. It's sad how the booming and successfulness of Black Communities is deemed a threat and is also met with erasure. This book took me on a rabbit hole in researching John Africa and the MOVE movement, OsageAvenue, LIVEAID, Ethiopia, and the hidden history or message behind Philadelphia's motto of Brotherly Love. #Book36of2022 #Bookworm #Whatsnext
January 5, 2023
A heart breaking piece of history that shows how bad racial relations in the US have been in the semimodern era. This telling of the story of the bombing of the move organization and Osage avenue is juxtaposed Against liveaid which happened in the same city just months later. It's important to history as it shows an example of political-police corruption and brutality stretching back to the 80s. This is the kind of story that isn't taught in schools yet and may never be but it should be as I think it's valuable to dissect the political racial tension of the 20th century moving into the 21st century especially so that it isn't swept under the rug to be forgotten.
September 9, 2022
Essentially a podcast, but interesting. Focuses on the MOVE bombing in Philadelphia (which is the first news story I remember following live -- I mean, the police dropped a bomb on a building full of people?) and also on the Live Aid and later farm aid concert fundraiser series. Interesting to learn some details about how fucked up the Philadelphia Police were (and the bad relations with Mayor Goode, as well as Frank Rizzo's huge influence on Philadelphia), and also confirming my beliefs of how dysfunctional a lot of charities tend to be.
November 29, 2022
This is an outstanding Audible documentary on a part of history where I only knew 1/2 the story. Live Aid occurred when I was a teen & I remember it being a big deal, including Farm Aid & some other events that followed, all discussed in this presentation. But the bombing that occurred in May, prior to Live Aid & just 8 miles from the venue was something I never knew. The connection & how all these events evolved was extremely interesting. This Audible Original (free in the Audibles Plus Catalog) was very well done & I highly recommend it!
April 2, 2023
My Mom is right! I should have remembered this. I guess elementary school age children as I was. Only remembered the Aide Concerts. The Movement was done dirty. The neighbors should have put their foot down. The new Mayor made himself the escape goat. The former military police and firefighters. Ain't no way! I bet they got kicked out of the military. But still got the honorable separated from the military. Unless it was the Army. I can believe career military getting cushy civilization jobs. Used their military connections to get all that equipment. Shame! #IAWThoughts
December 10, 2022
Loved this book. I had a good recollection of the Live Aid concert, but the bombing of the MOVE house was new to me. Philadelphia is my favorite city to visit on the east coast. Would love to go back and steep myself in history old and new While it isn't perfect, I can't give it 4.5 stars, so I rounded up. Incredibly important story to tell as we continually navigate the same issues 35+ years later.
December 31, 2022
This was an Audible exclusive, and I believe it was even free. I found it very educational and informative. As a child of the 80s, I certainly remember hearing about the Live Aid and Farm Aid concerts, but I didn’t know much about them. And I knew nothing about the Move organization tragedy that same year. It was very interesting and heartbreaking to learn more about all of them. It follows a podcast style format, which also made it very engaging.
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