Women today are being instructed on how they can raise their self-esteem, love their inner child, survive their toxic families, overcome codependency, and experience a revolution from within. By holding up the ideal of a pure and happy inner core, psychotherapists refuse to acknowledge that a certain degree of unhappiness or dissatisfaction is a routine part of life and not necessarily a cause for therapy. Lesbians specifically are now guided to define themselves according to their frailties, inadequacies, and insecurities.
An incisive critique of contemporary feminist psychology and therapy, Changing our Minds argues not just that the current practice of psychology is flawed, but that the whole idea of psychology runs counter to many tenets of lesbian feminist politics. Recognizing that many lesbians do feel unhappy and experience a range of problems that detract from their well-being, Changing Our Minds makes positive, prescriptive suggestions for non-psychological ways of understanding and dealing with emotional distress.
Written in a lively and engaging style, Changing our Minds is required reading for anyone who has ever been in therapy or is close to someone who has, and for lesbians, feminists, psychologists, psychotherapists, students of psychology and women's studies, and anyone with an interest in the development of lesbian feminist theory, ethics, and practice.
I take many issues with this book. Paying for a service, in the context of capitalism, is not an inherent flaw. The claims around trust are bizarre; I trust doctors, chefs, plumbers, mail-persons, etc. every day. A bad therpaist is not evidence of a corrupt profession. Never in my life have I ever heard a psychologist, prior to this book, claim an incompatibility in art being both a healing and a political space. This book is full of pseudo-anthropological nonsense and appeals to non-Westernism as some sort of holy grail... which is ironic, as the very notion that you should transcend your culture is actually so very deeply Western. Not a compelling argument.
An excellent analysis of how psychology depolitized lesbian perspectives of relationships, self-steem, sexuality, community and ableism. And how lesbian ethics is a political feminist vision kinda its antithesis. As Kitzinger and Perkins put it, a radical lesbian politics needs lesbian ethics not lesbian therapy.
这本书讨论了很多女性主义心理学固有的问题,以及心理学在多大程度上与(女同性恋)女权主义政治相容或者不相容。作者在书里写下的一些话(虽然与上述没太大关联但)让我非常有感触: “Unlike other critiques, which focus primarily on what is wrong with the psychology men do, we focus here on the psychology women do in particular, the psychology practiced by women who describe what they are doing as “feminist”and as “lesbian". This is not because we think they are worse than men. On the contrary, they are in many ways much better.”
两位作者对于女性主义心理学的批评点在于:虽然女性主义心理学承认了父权制的结构性压迫,也认可女同性恋不是疾病、更了解女同性恋可能会经历哪些创伤,但核心依然是通过关注个人,将宏观的社会问题淡化为通过提高自我、肯定自我来解决的个人问题——举的例子是格洛丽亚的“revolution from within”。“将个人问题去政治化会忽视造成个人问题的根本原因——即父权制对女性的压迫”是本书批判心理学的核心论点。
📌女女之间的性是无政治区吗? 这部分引用Sheila Jeffreys的话就可以大致总结: “We have got to understand that sexual response for women and orgasm forwomen is not necessarily pleasurable and positive. It can be a very real problem. It can be an accommodation of our oppression. It can be theeroticizing of our subordination. We need to appreciate that the word pleasure is often used for what we experience as humiliation and betrayal.”
📌什么是“安全”? 心理学将“安全”一词定义为一种情感上不容批评的“舒适区”。这使得运用心理学语言的女同性恋社群为了避免冲突而回避必要的政治辩论和价值判断,从而变得脆弱、表面化,并失去了真正的行动力,它很难应对内部和外部的真实矛盾。 一个健康有活力的社群应该能够进行激烈的辩论,能够做出价值判断,能够挑战彼此的观点,从而共同成长和进步。 ·这章也是,我理智上赞同作者的说法,但目前我自己还是处于努力去做的阶段。我好奇的是,当现实生活中的行动空间被缩至极小时,这还适用吗?我不确定,目前自己的想法是:当外部行动空间极其小的时候,我们反而会更容易向内寻求解决方案。这时心理学提供的“关注自我”、“疗愈创伤”的话语会显得格外有吸引力,而它的危险性、对本就成立不易的社群的冲击性也是作者一直在论证的。我们依然要抵抗外部对社群的威胁,但当社群内部出现不同声音时,我们得遵循一定的规则来进行辩论。当有人感到不舒服时,尝试本着理解的原则去继续发问“为什么我们会有这种感受?这种感受背后反映了什么?”,去去思考感受背后的政治判断。即使无法认同彼此的感受,但需要努力理解,不要沉默或忽略。总的来说是很有收获的一章。 “Argument, disagreement, challenge is not necessarily trashing, and should not be psychologized away as the result of personality flaws or individual psychopathology.” “When we disagree, when we criticise other Lesbians, we're sharing ourselves and our own ideas and opinions. Disagreement isn't only a way of affirming ourselves; we also affirm the significance of the individuals we criticize.” “When we argue we're implying that the ideas we disagree with are important and merit attention. Silence often signals indifference. ”