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游叙弗伦·苏格拉底的申辩·克力同

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点击链接进入Kindle进口原版>> 《游叙弗伦苏格拉底的申辩克力同》内容简介:《苏格拉底的申辩》、《克力同篇》、《游叙弗伦》是苏格拉底的弟子柏拉图大约在公元前392年撰写的记述老师哲学思想的著作。今天,我们阅读这三篇著作的书,不由会想起苏格拉底的那句名言——唯有理智最为可贵。

193 pages, Kindle Edition

Published May 30, 2014

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Plato

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Plato (Greek: Πλάτων), born Aristocles (c. 427 – 348 BC), was an ancient Greek philosopher of the Classical period who is considered a foundational thinker in Western philosophy and an innovator of the written dialogue and dialectic forms. He raised problems for what became all the major areas of both theoretical philosophy and practical philosophy, and was the founder of the Platonic Academy, a philosophical school in Athens where Plato taught the doctrines that would later become known as Platonism.
Plato's most famous contribution is the theory of forms (or ideas), which has been interpreted as advancing a solution to what is now known as the problem of universals. He was decisively influenced by the pre-Socratic thinkers Pythagoras, Heraclitus, and Parmenides, although much of what is known about them is derived from Plato himself.
Along with his teacher Socrates, and Aristotle, his student, Plato is a central figure in the history of philosophy. Plato's entire body of work is believed to have survived intact for over 2,400 years—unlike that of nearly all of his contemporaries. Although their popularity has fluctuated, they have consistently been read and studied through the ages. Through Neoplatonism, he also greatly influenced both Christian and Islamic philosophy. In modern times, Alfred North Whitehead famously said: "the safest general characterization of the European philosophical tradition is that it consists of a series of footnotes to Plato."

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Profile Image for Lee Andy.
310 reviews6 followers
January 29, 2023
读了四个版本的《申辩篇》,网上的版本讹错太多,误人子弟。《中外著名演讲辞赏析》是节选,这书不规矩,没标注译者,但是选的到是很精彩。王晓朝的《柏拉图全集》译的工稳;严群的《申辩篇》翻古典,各有特点。虽更偏好前者,但精读版本却是后者,因《柏拉图全集》全四卷是是PDF版,只能划线条,不能摘抄。人名有一些问题,名字上“藉帝士”“安匿托士”“母赛恶士”,这些恶译有点意思;但像 “图垒阿之役(特洛伊)”这样的译文后来的编辑应该注明。
作为辩论,苏格拉底算是“又当又立”,说的好听点,就是不卑不亢。苏老夫子委婉了表达以下含义:首先,说我不相信神,我可以受过神启的。其次,我都七十了,你放过我我还能活几天。第三,你看我还有三个孩子,都(佩着刀)来了。逻辑恰当,求生欲满满。但又不肯“危险中绝不想做出卑躬屈膝的奴才相”。但凡希腊庸众把苏格拉底当老教授,也就选择原谅他。人民敬畏学术权威,但傲慢又是另一回事。何况投你死的雅典公民是被你砸锅砸碗智者学派的徒子徒孙们。
我个人感觉,对苏格拉底的判决,或者是“儒法斗争”(爱智学派和智者学派),“柏拉图、克力同、克力透布洛士、阿普漏兜洛士,他们都劝我承认三十命那,肯为我担保。”苏老非要相信“群众的眼光是雪亮的”。这一点苏老夫子真是硬气,和我们孔老夫子不是一路。孔丘去齐,接淅而行。这很不同。我敬苏老,但还得学孔老。
另外这必须说,爱智派掌握了话语权,这里面把安匿托士、藉帝士等人写成《庄子》一书中惠施。在苏老夫子的激辩百出之下毫无还手之力。这东西值得警惕。孔老二为释三盈三虚之恨而诉卯。徒孙荀况就泡制出“心达而险,行辟而坚,言伪而辩,记丑而博,顺非而泽。”
只能说的学术论争上升到物理互相伤害,史不绝书,这是知识界的悲剧。但管希腊民主鸟事。武大赵林先生说:“苏格拉底之死标志希腊民主之死。”这是不对的。
对于这段悲剧,还是荀子两段:第一、“故言有招祸也,行有招辱也,君子慎其所立乎!”第二、“问楛者,勿告也;告楛者,勿问也;说楛者,勿听也。有争气者,勿与辩也。故必由其道至,然后接之;非其道则避之。故礼恭,而后可与言道之方;辞顺,而后可与言道之理;色从而后可与言道之致。故未可与言而言,谓之傲;可与言而不言,谓之隐;不观气色而言,谓之瞽。故君子不傲、不隐、不瞽,谨顺其身。”
比较苏格拉底之死与荀况之劝。就知道中西文化不同之处。
1 review
January 15, 2024
2024再读苏格拉底的申辩

毋需赘言,苏格拉底的申辩是一部经典篇章,在雅典城邦崇高对世俗、智慧对平庸、道德对算计……的一次审判中,光明之子输给了黑暗之子

仅仅为苏格拉底的命运叹息就不配他的死亡想给“雅典人啊”最后的帮助了

“我去死,你们去活,谁的去路好”,他显然希望我们的去路好,两千多年来有些地方据此有很大改变,有些地方就就很难说了

商君书的看法显然两样,罗织经的要义在苏格拉底的审判中就小试锋芒,所以太阳底下无新事,有很多美好并不是天然的

死若不值趋,他愿意为之赴死,又有几个人愿意为心中的神去赴死?

死若不足惧,又有多少“义士”以死捍卫的是个“他神”,死志不过帮凶耳,真是尴尬

苏格拉底自认不智,这是对人是有限性存在的自知。所谓全知全能全善,除了上帝还能有谁。总有人罔顾这点常识,所以总有妖魔行骗,总有被骗成鬼,一缸妖鬼杂碎好轮回

终其史,怎能不看到一个现象,往往通往地狱的路,都是打算通往天堂的。所以“未经省察的人生是没有价值的”

缄默就够了吗,汉娜阿伦特并不认为不作恶就是善,面对不义的平庸与恶有何区别

或许马丁路德金明白、乔治奥威尔明白,马相伯明白、鲁迅也明白

但终究还是苏格拉底明白,一语成谶,两千年来“谁的去路好,只有神知道”
Profile Image for Xiang Li.
316 reviews5 followers
May 18, 2021
克里同的译后记中 译者说 苏格拉底认为个人应该迁就国家 我怎么没读出来???
Profile Image for Liang TianCheng.
212 reviews1 follower
October 25, 2025
严群译的这一版,有很多用字用词奇怪之处,常常似乎是多写了一两个字,读起来非常别扭。一开始我还以为是电子书中的错别字,还专门买了一本正版的纸质书来对照,发现本就如此。唉,字句都不通顺,翻译大家啊,这算什么呢。
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