Really great book, a lot less panic indusing then the first book about sleep that I have read which was a wake up call in both literal and figurative sence because of horrible sleep anxiety it gave me. This one is a lot more gentle with you and much more a guided step by step approach how to improve your sleep and forget about reading books about sleep once and for all.
I think my favorite part was about how one of the most common reasons for Insomnia its people going to sleep too early at a "proper time" where they haven't earned enough sleep drive in their adenosine induced sleep drive piggy-bank (loved this analogy) I myself made this mistake numerous times, especially after you had a bad night of sleep and feel this urge to crash early or when you just want your day to end asap.
Key outtakes
The body and brain do some truly amazing things during sleep. Some of these include:
Clearing out toxins from the cerebrospinal fluid (your brain “juices”)
Releasing human growth hormone and sex hormones
Repairing damaged tissue and maintaining healthy tissue
Reviewing and organizing new information
Regulating emotions
Practicing new skills
During REM, your major muscles are deactivated, your eyes move behind closed lids, and your brain’s EEG pattern looks almost like when awake. The brain is very active— it sorts through memories, makes sense of emotions, makes decisions about what to keep and what to lose. Think of a detective sorting through their wall of interlinked mug shots and news clippings and question marks with an intense soundtrack playing in the background. With all this action, it’s no surprise that REM is also when most of our dreaming happens.
Your brain naturally interrupts your sleep multiple times per hour anyway. A dozen or so brief awakenings (including a few that you remember, each lasting a few minutes) is totally normal,
I also don’t like to refer to sleep architecture patterns as “sleep cycles.” You may have heard that sleep cycles are ninety minutes long, and that you should try to time your wake-up alarm to be at the end of a cycle. Nope. Forget that. Sleep architecture doesn’t follow a lather-rinse-repeat pattern because so-called sleep cycles are not that neat. Even your own “cycles” are not the same shape or length during one night
Your brain will automatically adjust how much deep sleep versus REM sleep versus light sleep you get, in what sequence, and in which brain regions, all dependent on your current needs.
Our prehistoric ancestors needed restless night owls, bright-eyed morning larks, light sleepers, dead logs, middle-of-the-night risers, middle-of-the-day nappers, and sleepers of all sorts. This diversity saved lives and perpetuated our species. They needed wise elders who needed less sleep to watch over exhausted hunters, who probably needed more; they needed morning birds to get the bows strung bright and early, as well as night owls to keep an eye out for predators of the night.This is why evolution made our sleep so diverse and dynamic.
Insomnia is mostly in the eye of the beholder. So, if taking ten minutes to fall asleep bothers you a lot and ruins your day, then ten minutes counts as “difficulty falling asleep.” If you’re happy with taking sixty minutes from lights out to sleeping and it’s not causing you problems, you do not have “difficulty falling asleep.”
sleep deprivation makes people sleepy. If you have insomnia, your inability to sleep (in a bed, with no torture machines!) is direct proof that you are probably not sleep deprived.
You may be getting more sleep than your brain is able to perceive. One of the mysteries of insomnia is its ability to change the way we perceive sleep, and perhaps even the way we perceive time. We used to call it “paradoxical insomnia” when someone feels like they took hours to fall asleep, but measurements of their brain waves showed that it only took them twenty minutes. For people with insomnia, lighter stages of sleep (e.g., Stage 1 and Stage 2) can feel like no sleep at all,
Sleep Effort— the act of trying too hard and chasing sleep away as a result
Instead,insomnia perpetuating factors are often perfectly reasonable things we do to try to fix our sleep problems:
Going to bed early after having a couple of particularly bad nights
Prioritizing sleep in your life, and arranging activities and schedules accordingly
Using meditation to try to fall back to sleep
Avoiding stimulating things like exercise or the iPad in the evenings
Using a sleep tracking device to evaluate your sleep
Trying to find the ideal room temperature, bedtime routine, pillow, etc.
If so, you may be a victim of “orthosomnia,” 3 the condition of having insomnia due to, or exacerbated by, the act of tracking it.
Please do not watch a clock or use your smartphone to note precise times, because this will virtually guarantee sleeplessness. In fact, put your smartphone out of reach and throw a T-shirt over your alarm clock.
In any given moment, whether or not you will fall asleep boils down to the balance between two forces: sleep drive versus arousal. If you have more sleep drive than arousal right now, you will fall asleep soon. If you have more arousal than sleep drive, you won’t. What Is Sleep Drive? Homeostatic sleep drive1 is your “hunger” for sleep. Just like the longer you go without eating, the more hunger (for food) builds up, the longer you go without sleeping, the more homeostatic sleep drive builds up. For most adults, it takes about sixteen to eighteen hours of being awake to save enough in the piggy bank for a good quality sleep.
there is a crucial difference between tired and sleepy. Feeling tired means feeling worn out, depleted, exhausted, bored, low energy, “done with the day” … it’s your body and mind asking for rest, rejuvenation, or sometimes, just a change of scenery. In moments like these, the cure may be a nice stretch, a comforting cup of tea, or a walk in the park. Feeling sleepy means you’re close to falling asleep. That’s it. If your eyes are drooping and your head is involuntarily nodding, or you’ve been missing plot points in the movie you’re watching … you are sleepy. In this case, the cure is to sleep. You may very well be tired but not sleepy, and if that’s when you go to bed, you probably don’t have enough sleep drive in your piggy bank yet to pay for a good night’s sleep.
Sleep Sabotages:
Sabotage 1 - Going to bed to sleep too early
Sabotage #2: Lingering in Bed in the Morning
Sabotage #3: Alternating Between Short and Long Nights
Sabotage #4: Being Inactive During the Day (helps to build sleep drive)
we’re surprisingly bad at remembering nights other than last night and the worst night.
A healthy average sleep efficiency is usually between 85 percent and 95 percent.
taking naps would be like stealing a little bit every day from your own piggy bank, so it’s better to work through the urge and look forward to being sleepier at bedtime.
Caffeine molecules take up the same docking sites on brain cells that adenosine, the sleep drive chemical, docks. Therefore, having too much caffeine prevents adenosine from docking and letting your brain know how much sleep drive is accumulating, which tricks your brain into not feeling sleepy when you truly are.
people with insomnia have brains that are hyperaroused, during both the day and night, even when their actual sleep parameters seem healthy from the outside.
sleep duration is not associated with fatigue levels.Hyperarousal Does Lead to More Fatigue. person was more tired overall. This means it’s not the total amount of sleep that matters. It’s the consistency.In turn, ruminating about fatigue and having unhelpful sleep beliefs led to more fatigue. And frequently shining a spotlight on how tired you feel gives fatigue an outsized presence in your life, magnifying how bad it feels, and preventing you from having more fun, which makes you feel worse about your sleep, which makes you more hyperaroused, which makes your sleep worse. Prophecy fulfilled.
Circadian Dysregulation - every biological process in the body follows a roughly twenty-four-hour pattern, including when we sleep and when we wake. This complex system is directed by the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which is like a maestro in your brain that makes sure a big orchestra of separate instruments all play in sync and on time. Your SCN is happiest when it knows what time it is and is therefore able to keep everything, including your sleep-wake rhythm, on time. “Circadian dysregulation” is a catch-all term to describe any situation where your SCN is confused about what time it is outside
being sedentary is associated with more fatigue, and that increasing physical activity leads to feeling more energized.
Challenge yourself to replace 25 percent of your passive media consumption time with simply being with yourself, and see what other feelings, thoughts, desires, and interactions arise.We’ve simply been taught to deprioritize rest, as if it’s useless, empty space between “productive” pursuits. But in truth, it’s the water between continents— the very thing that makes life possible. Embrace boredom. Get reacquainted with this feeling. Don’t automatically fill it with something “productive.” See what else you might drift toward as you get more bored. Doodling, perhaps, or people-watching in the park, or simply breathing.energy. The solution is simple: make sure you have protected time during the day to give your thoughts full attention.
1: Become Aware of Your Automatic Thoughts About Sleep
This mindfulness exercise can be done anywhere, anytime.
It’s particularly helpful when you feel yourself getting into a rumination spiral.
Simply pause and ask yourself,
What are 5 things I see around me?
What are 4 things I hear?
What are 3 things I can feel with my body?
What are 2 things I can smell?
What is 1 thing I can taste? (Replace with another thing you feel with your body, or an emotion, if you don’t have anything to taste.)
If your partner is a healthy sleeper, you’re being woken by them five and a half times per night, on average. If you have insomnia, you’re waking your partner up 6.9 times per night. If your partner has obstructive sleep apnea, they’re waking you up nine times per hour, and more if their apnea is severe. If you and your partner go to bed at the same time, you’re especially likely to interrupt each other’s sleep.
The Content on Your Screens (and on Your Mind) Likely Matters More Than the Light Exposure Itself Not all screens are equal.
Most people wake up feeling groggy, unmotivated, sluggish. This is called “sleep inertia” and is completely normal. It takes about half an hour of moving the body for our system to boot up. Sometimes you’ll sleep well and still be tired during the day. That’s because most things that cause fatigue are not sleep related. Remember to hydrate, eat well, move, socialize, rest, reflect, feed your creativity, and accept that being tired sometimes (or even often, if you’re a parent) is a normal part of the human condition. Some people will always have