The Field Impairment Test (FIT) is used by UK police officers at the roadside who suspect that drug use may be responsible for impairment of driving. In this study, its performance was judged against the presence of drugs in the biological specimens obtained from drivers assessed by FIT. Overall, FIT was shown to identify the majority of drug-positive and drug-negative cases. In its current form, FIT is therefore usable for screening purposes, but further development is required to improve its performance.