In It's a Gas: The Sublime and Elusive Elements That Expand Our World, Mark Miodownik follows up his earlier two books on solids and liquids with one on gases, and I’d say it falls somewhere in between the two (solids being the best of the three), being often fun, always fascinating, and just a tad frustrating.
This is not a chemistry book that methodically goes through all the gases, discusses Boyle’s Law, etc. First, Miodownik defines “gas” somewhat broadly, discussing in addition to methane or CO2 perfumes, wind, creation of a vacuum, and breath. And while chemistry makes an appearance throughout, Miodownik is more focused on the discovery of the gas and its application followed by its impact in human development and culture. Anyone looking for a hard science explanation and exploration of the topic is therefore best directed elsewhere. That’s not to say one won’t learn a lot here. Despite its quirky categorization and eschewing of academic structure and language in favor of an entertainingly light and conversational tone/organization (for instance, each chapter begins with a personal anecdote that somehow ties in), Miodownik offers up clear scientific explanations and a smorgasbord of fascinating details as he follows an often winding path from gas to its impact.
To offer up a few examples . . . In the section on nitrous oxide he moves from its discovery while trying to find “specific gases that could cure specific diseases” to laughing gas parties (or debaucheries depending on one’s point of view) to Samuel Colt’s invention of his titular revolver to use of ether and chloroform as anesthetics, to chloroform as every bad guy’s favorite knock-out tool in pop culture (pointing out that it actually takes much longer to knock someone out with it than movies/TV shows portray) to compressed oxygen in hospital to whippets.
In one of the more fascinating trails, he follows the use of breath to play music via animal horns to brass instruments to the invention of valves to pneumatic tires to bicycles to more freedom for women and “greater genetic diversity” to Air Jordans. And yes, it all makes perfect sense. A few other gases covered and some of their ripple effects include: methane (city lighting), helium and hydrogen (ballooning, airships, the Hindenburg), noble gases (neon signs), CO2 (climate change and possible solutions), nitrogen (poison gas, the Haber-Bosch method of creating nitrogen/fertilizer and its huge impact for good and ill). As you can see from some of these examples, the generally light tone doesn’t mean he does not cover serious topics or treat them with their due respect.
As mentioned in the intro, the book is always fascinating and also always informative. The little bit of frustration that creeps in, at least for me, is that it does feel a bit disjointed and scattershot. Not wholly “random,” as noted his leaps from point to point are always clear, easy to follow, and make perfect sense. But while that’s true within each section, one loses a narrative thread or sense of cohesion for the book as a whole. That said, there are certainly lots of options available that will do that for readers seeking that and Miodownik offers up a number of them in the “Further Reading” addendum, such as Sam Kean’s Caesar’s Last Breath: The Epic Story of the Air Around Us and Steven Johnson’s The Invention of Air, both of which I personally highly recommend. Just as I recommend It’s a Gas, if not quite with the same level of enthusiasm.