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Figura. La Loi juive et la Promesse chrétienne

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Nietzsche : « Que doit-on attendre des effets ultérieurs d'une religion qui, dans les siècles où elle fut fondée, s’est livrée à une bouffonnerie philologique inouïe sur l’Ancien Testament : je parle de la tentative d’escamoter aux juifs, sous leur nez, l’Ancien Testament, en prétendant qu’il ne contient que des enseignements chrétiens et qu’il appartientaux chrétiens en tant qu’ils seraient le véritablepeuple d’Israël – alors que les juifs n’auraient fait que se l’arroger. […]? Les savants juifs avaient beau protester, il devait, dans l’Ancien Testament, être partout où il était question d’un morceau de bois, d’une verge, d’une échelle, d’un rameau, d’un arbre, d’un saule, d’un bâton, cela devait être une prophétie du bois de la croix. » Aurore, 1881. Dans Figura, Erich Auerbach, le grand historien allemand des idées et des formes littéraires, ami de Walter Benjamin et d'Ernst Bloch, entreprend d'éclairer « la conception figurative, fondement général de l'historiographie médiévale ». Il en trace l'histoire depuis Lucrèce jusqu'à Dante.Ce texte, publié en 1938, que Carlo Ginzburg tiendra pour « l'essai fondamental d'Erich Auerbach » et le noyau originel de son œuvre, décrit minutieusement le mécanisme par lequel Paul et les Pères de l'Église ont entrepris de « dépouiller l'Ancien Testament de son caractère normatif et de n'en faire que l'ombre des choses à venir ». Dès lors, « les épisodes les plus cruciaux, les rituels et les lois les plus saints [du judaïsme] ne sont plus que des formes provisoires, des préfigurations du Christ et de l'Évangile ».

144 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 1938

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About the author

Erich Auerbach

68 books149 followers
German philologist Erich Auerbach served as professor of Romance philology at Marburg University (1929-35), taught at the Turkish State University in Istanbul (1936-47), and became professor of French and Romance philology at Yale University in 1950. He published several books and many papers on Dante, Medieval Latin literature, methods of historical criticism, and the influence of Christian symbolism on literature. He is best known for Mimesis , a volume on literary criticism written in Turkey, first published in Berne, Switzerland in 1946, and subsequently widely translated.

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5 stars
25 (34%)
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20 (27%)
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17 (23%)
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Displaying 1 - 11 of 11 reviews
Profile Image for Martina.
21 reviews3 followers
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June 13, 2026
Bien Erich bien. Aunque mi número de estrellas dependerá de lo que bien que salga el tfg (latigazo). Seguimos tfgeando…
Profile Image for Damesh Bridget.
22 reviews19 followers
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February 18, 2014
I think I have to reread it three times and even then will not understand it fully, but even reading it once tremendously helps to understand the figura and its evolution. Very interesting insight
Profile Image for Nerea.
15 reviews
January 10, 2023
1 estrella porque no puedo poner 0, tremenda kk
Profile Image for Deni.
380 reviews62 followers
July 18, 2017
Ideal para comprender el concepto de Figura en Dante, sobre todo a instancias de su obra central: la Commedia.
Profile Image for Spencer.
32 reviews
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July 28, 2026
(Also for Blake research)
Absolutely fascinating. Want to read more philology now. (Not even certain on what philology actually is but I’ve liked everything I’ve read by philologist. Should look it up). Essentially it is a history of the concept of the “figure” in western thought/lit. But becomes especially interesting when Auerbach gets to the Church Fathers who adopt the term for hermeneutical purposes, specifically the their figural interpretation of the Old Testament. While that alone is worth entry price, there is so much left just outside the bounds of this project but nonetheless gestured toward—all of which I’ve been constantly thinking about since finishing it.
Auerbach notes how the figure is imposed from the perspective of eternity, yet found in actual historical manifestations through some sort of likeness. Here is a whole new way of conceiving history, one which is so different from our own… at least we’d like to think so. I have a hunch that we are more like the Church Fathers than we’d like to imagine. Mechanic history can only take us so far! There is something here that just sticks in my brain-folds. Hopefully it will remind me to pick up more Auerbach.
Profile Image for helenaapitaa.
35 reviews3 followers
January 10, 2023

A primeira lectura do 2023 e bastante decepcionada. A interpretación de Auerbach do concepto de figura é bastante clara, pero está explicada dunha forma tan ambigua que resulta desquiciante continuar lendo. O prólogo é totalmente inútil, supostamente aporta unha base para o análisis pero solo serve para rizar o rizo e confundirte.
O máis desesperante son os conceptos en grego que se intercalan coas explicacións e nen sequera hai pés de páxina que te aclaren que queren dicir.
1/5 estrelas e por non darlle 0.
Profile Image for Alfredo Suárez Palacios.
172 reviews36 followers
June 6, 2025
Interesantísimo librillo de Auerbach en el que se analiza con precisión filológica el concepto de figura, sobre todo, en su uso hermenéutico para analizar las diferencias entre Antiguo y Nuevo Testamento, es un poco café para muy cafeteros pero una herramienta muy útil creo y un concepto muy dúctil e importante, la cantidad de matices escondidos en la etimología es increíble y el repaso eruidto e interesantísimo de Auerbach merece la pena, la selección de textos y citas de los padres del cristianismo me ha fascinado.
Profile Image for Giuseppe.
462 reviews25 followers
October 18, 2016
Quello di Auerbach è un testo importante, quasi "necessario" per comprendere davvero la Commedia e capire come, in realtà, quella che al liceo veniva liquidata (il più delle volte) semplicemente come "allegoria" non è realmente tale, ma ha un significato ben preciso, nell'ottica medievale, che a noi moderni risulta difficile da comprendere.
Displaying 1 - 11 of 11 reviews