Robert Desnos is my favorite of the Surrealist Poets. His closest competitor for that title is Tristan Tzara, whom I count more as a Dadaist than a Surrealist.
I have had this book for 30 years and have just read it? Why did I take so long?! And this, with this cover anyway, is a co-translation with Carolyn Forche, but she seems to have disappeared from all the Goodreads information. Why? But I knew of Desnos. And I think I had known of his dismissal by Breton, but then everyone had been dismissed by Breton sooner or later. I knew of his heroism in the French Resistance and his death in the camps.
But I didn't know the poems, until I read this generous (180 page) selection. What joy! What happiness! The surrealists, despite their claims to humor, always seem so dour to me. So fundamentalist, almost, in their allegiance to a particular view of imagination. Not Desnos. Breton famously dismissed him as "narcissistic" or "solipsistic." But that is almost certainly because he enjoyed life, even in his automatic writing. And he didn't become a communist, when Breton insisted he become one.
I could find many examples of this world view that manifests itself in Desnos's surrealistic vision, but here's one from a poem entitled "In My Glass":
But what stroke of luck led you under my pen/ Because I will make of this desert of this desert drunk in my glass a fiery oasis a countryside full of the whisper of springs and trees a place of lawns and flowers of juicy quartered fruits bleeding a perfumed blood I'll fertilize this desert with all the flowers of my immense love for life.
One thing I just read on line said he is the most popular of the surrealists. I don't think that's true in this country or in our language. And I think it should be. He was able to keep that joy even in to WWII, when he was doing the real and dangerous work that would lead to his death. Yes, right at the end, there are some angry propagandistic poems -- but then there probably should have been some in Paris in early 1944.
The Selected Poems of Robert Desnos--unfortunately long out-of-print, is the best gathering and translation of his work to date. Few poems are as moving as "The Voice of Robert Desnos." Other highlights include a touching critical introduction, as well as the deeply moving closing poem for Desnos's common law wife, Youki.
I've picked up the 1947 Desnos collection curated and translated by Adolf K., following Desnos's passing in a lazarett in Terezín, Czech Republic. It consists of post-mortem poems by numerous Czech poets and writers paying homage to him. Some of the poets only met him at the hospital. I stumbled upon this book at the Antique Book Shop in downtown Prague.