Negotiating Flexibility in the European Union: Amsterdam, Nice and Beyond

by Alexander Stubb

Alexander Stubb, a participant in the 1996-97 and 2000 intergovernmental conferences, analyzes the evolution of flexible integration from the early 1970s to the present day and beyond. He focuses in the process of negotiations which led to the institutionalization of flexibility in the Amsterdam and Nice Treaties. This book presents an insider's view on historical decision making in the European Union.

236 pages, Paperback

First published January 1, 2002

About the author

Cai-Göran Alexander Stubb (Finland Swedish pronunciation: [ˈkɑi ˈjœːrɑn ɑlekˈsɑndær ˈstʉbː], born 1 April 1968) is a Finnish politician who has been the 13th president of Finland since 2024. He previously served as Prime Minister of Finland from 2014 to 2015.

Rising in politics as a researcher specialised in the affairs of the European Union, he was elected to the European Parliament in 2004 as a member of the National Coalition Party. In 2008, Stubb was appointed Minister for Foreign Affairs. In 2011, he was elected to the Finnish Parliament for the first time as an MP with the second-highest vote count in the election. He was then appointed Minister for European Affairs and Trade in the Cabinet of Jyrki Katainen.