This short book, written before the "Arab Spring" (or the African awakenings), provides valuable insights into broader underpinnings of exploitation, resistance and regime crackdown. Contrary to the narrative that the "Arab Spring" was relatively spontaneous and driven by social networking capabilities, this book shows how workers and others (including the oft-transformed Muslim Brotherhood) have been building resistance over the course of many years in the face of internationally tolerated and indeed facilitated regime violence. Thus, the book provides important prompts to study away from the mainstream narratives. El-Mahdi and Marfleet end by arguing that the book "tried to understand Egypt as part of the Global South..." As such, this book provides a good complement to the more recent book Social Movements in the Global South: Dispossession, Development and Resistance.