Juan Bosch is considered a master of the Dominican short story, a literary genre that has had few writers in the Spanish language. When Bosch returned from a long exile in 1961, few Dominicans knew that the political leader was also considered to be one for the luminaries of the short story genre, and that some of his short stories had been translated to many other languages.
After returning from exile a compilation of stories written during his exile was published in the Dominican Republic, and read for the first time in the country.
Juan Bosch was born in the town of La Vega, Dominican Republic. His parents were Spanish Juan Bosch and Puerto Rican Angela Gaviño. He lived the first years of his childhood in a small rural community called Río Verde, where he began his primary studies; he attended high school in La Vega. In his youth he went to Santo Domingo and worked in commercial stores. Later he traveled to Spain, Venezuela and some of the Caribbean islands.
He returned in 1931, and published his first short stories book, "Camino Real," the essay "Indios," and the short novel "La Mañosa," about the civil wars in the nineteenth century, which was acclaimed by critics. He created and edited the literary section in the newspaper Listín Diario, becoming a critic and essayist.
In 1934 he married Isabel García and had two children with her: Leon and Carolina. As Trujillo's dictatorship was getting stronger and meaner, Bosch was jailed for his political ideas, being released after several months. In 1938, knowing that the tyrant wanted to buy him with a position in the Congress, Bosch managed to leave the country, settling in Puerto Rico.
He was a politician, historian, short story writer, essayist, educator, and the first cleanly elected president of the Dominican Republic for a brief time in 1963. Previously, he had been the leader of the Dominican opposition in exile to the dictatorial regime of Rafael Trujillo for over 25 years. To this day he is remembered as an honest politician and regarded as one of the most prominent writers in Dominican literature. He is the founder of both the Dominican Revolutionary Party (PRD) in 1939 and the Dominican Liberation Party (PLD) in 1973.
By 1939 Bosch had gone to Cuba, where he directed an edition of the completed works of Eugenio María de Hostos, something that defined his patriotic and humanist ideals. In July, with other Dominican expatriates, he founded the Partido Revolucionario Dominicano (PRD), which stood out as the most active front against Trujillo outside the Dominican Republic.
Bosch heavily sympathised with leftist ideas, but he always denied any communist affiliation. He collaborated with the Cuban Revolutionary Party and had an important role in the making of the Constitution that was promulgated in 1940.
Bosch married for the second time, this time a Cuban lady, Carmen Quidiello, with whom he had two more children, Patricio and Barbara. At the same time, his literary career was ascending, gaining important acknowledgments like the Hernandez Catá Prize in Havana for short stories written by a Latin American author. His works had a deep social content, among them "La Noche Buena de Encarnación Mendoza", "Luis Pié", "The Masters" and "The Indian Manuel Sicuri", all of them described by critics as masterpieces of the sort.
Bosch was one of the main organizers of the 1949 military conspiracy that landed in Cayo Confites in the north coast of the Dominican Republic, to overthrow the dictatorship of Trujillo. However, the expedition failed, and Bosch fled to Venezuela, continuing his anti-Trujillo campaign. In Cuba, where he returned by requirement of his friends in the Authentic Revolutionary Party, he played a notorious part in the political life of Havana, being recognized as a promoter of social legislation and author of the speech pronounced by President Carlos Prío Socarrás when the body of José Martí was transferred to Santiago de Cuba.
When Fulgencio Batista led a coup d'etat against Prío Socarrás and took over the presidency in 1952, Bosch was jailed by Batista's forces. After being liberated, he left Cuba and headed to Costa Rica, where he dedicated his time to pedagogical tasks, and to his activities as leader of the PRD.
In 1959 the Cuban Revolution took place, led by Fidel Castro, causing a major political, economic and social upheaval in the Caribbean island. Bosch accurately perceived the process that had begun from those events, and wrote a letter to
Bueno todavía no he terminado el libro porque voy a guardar el ultimo cuento llamado 'Cuento de la Navidad'' para leerlo especialmente cuando llegue la tan esperada Navidad, pero ha decir verdad fue uno de esos otros libros que tome y deje por un tiempo pero es normal, son cuentos, no un libro entero en el que si lo dejas por un momento puedes perder toda la trama que tenia, también fue mi primera vez leyendo cuentos (ya había leído poemas de el cuando fui al Concurso de Lectura este año) y pues me encantaron los cuentos a pesar de que todos cuentan con un final nostálgico o triste pero a la vez te deja muchas enseñanzas y su forma de escribir es increíble, sinceramente un orgullo dominicano, y no olvidar la maravillosa e informativa introducción sobre sus apuntes sobre el arte de escribir cuentos, le hubiera dado 5/5 pero hay dos factores por los que le di 4/5: No he terminado el libro pero solo me quedo un cuento, y ademas sus cuentos nunca tenían un final feliz y quedaban como incompletos. Así que le doy a este fantástico un 4/5.
Es un conjunto de 12 cuentos cortos, escritos en el exilio del profesor Juan bosch. Son historias cortas que en su mayoría refleja la idiosincrasia dominicana.
Muy interesantes los cuentos, sin duda reflejan de una manera muy realista la vida de muchos dominicanos y de latinoamericanos también. La manera de Bosch narrar también es muy interesante, y definitivamente se ha convertido en uno de mis favoritos; muy llana pero a la vez muy completa y llena de enseñanzas. Son cuentos que te tocan el corazón y lo mueven; no necesariamente tienen una final feliz, pero son situaciones de la vida real que debemos de tener presente, porque son la realidad de muchos. Cuento de navidad fue muy lindo y divertido de leer, fue como sentir al Señor bien cerquita, bien humano. Definitivamente todos deberíamos leer estos cuentos.
A través de los cuentos Juan Bosch nos transmite cómo es la vida en distintos países latinoamericanos y a su vez representan una crítica social. Por otro lado, varios de los cuentos tienen un giro inesperado o un secreto revelado, lo que les da un extra que llama la atención.