Complete interlinked edition complemented by author biography. "The Duke Valentino had returned from Lombardy, where he had been to clear himself with the King of France from the calumnies which had been raised against him by the Florentines concerning the rebellion of Arezzo and other towns in the Val di Chiana, and had arrived at Imola, whence he intended with his army to enter upon the campaign against Giovanni Bentivogli, the tyrant of Bologna: for he intended to bring that city under his domination, and to make it the head of his Romagnian duchy."
The Prince, book of Niccolò Machiavelli, Italian political theorist, in 1513 describes an indifferent ruler to moral considerations with determination to achieve and to maintain power.
Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli, a philosopher, musician, and poet, wrote plays. He figured centrally in component of the Renaissance, and people most widely know his realist treatises on the one hand and republicanism of Discourses on Livy.
Just a short history lesson by Machiavelli. Overall a dry recitation of facts for what happened in history. I had it as an addendum in my copy of The Prince, I read it, it was ok, but not something I'd seek out again.
All I can say is Italy in the 1500s was brutal. The embers of the Roman Empire burned past its fall and manifested in constant power struggles of smaller kingdoms. Everyone saw themselves as the rebirth of empire. But they never quite were..
Duke Valentino was not messing around. Machiavelli seems to praise his success as the result of his cunning but I would argue that those murders left a lot to chance. The fact that he pulled this off was very unlikely. Not to mention there is no way to know if an alliance would have benefited him more. Machiavelli deduces, that because he succeeded by following his methods, his victory was free of fortune. Regardless of the effectiveness of his plan, it would be hard to agree that not many chances were taken.
I give credit to Machiavelli for proposing, the simple and straightforward approach to power of, killing everyone who poses a threat. Different times, however, may have called for these measures to succeed. But his definition of success is quite vague. Machiavelli seems to only relate it with not being murdered by your subjects and keeping everyone under control. Where is the love Niccoló?